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Monthly Archives: July 2025

News In Short-03-07-2025

Context

  • Researchers have sequenced the first whole ancient Egyptian genome from an individual who lived 4,500-4,800 years ago — the oldest DNA sample from Egypt to date.

    • About

  • DNA was successfully extracted from the individual’s teeth. 
  • The genome of the ancient Egyptian is said to be the most complete and oldest from Ancient Egypt.

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    Custodial Deaths in India

    Context

  • The recent custodial death in Sivaganga district in Tamil Nadu, has once again drawn national attention to the issue of custodial practices and the treatment of individuals in police custody.

    • International Legal Frameworks for Protection

  • United Nations Charter (1945): It sets out the purposes and principles of the UN, including the promotion of human rights.
  • Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948): It prohibits torture and ensures the presumption of innocence.
  • International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966): It protects right to life and prohibits torture.
  • The Nelson Mandela Rules, officially known as the UN Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners 2015, establish minimum standards for the humane treatment of all individuals deprived of their liberty.

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    EU Unveils Overdue Target to Curb Green House Gas by 2040

    Context

  • The European Commission has proposed a legally binding goal to reduce net Green House Gas emissions by 90% by 2040, compared to 1990 levels.

    • EU’s Recent Plans to Curb Greenhouse Gas Emissions

  • The 2040 milestone is built to ensure trajectory to the 2050 climate-neutral goal, offering policy clarity to citizens, industrial investment, and global diplomacy.
  • Carbon Offsets from Outside Europe: From 2036 onwards, countries can meet up to 3% of their reduction target through carbon credits generated from climate projects outside the EU.
  • Technological Neutrality: The EU is open to all types of clean or low-carbon technologies to reduce pollution, like Renewable energy, Nuclear energy, Carbon capture and storage (CCS), and Carbon removal.

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    Gig workers seek minimum wages, social security

    In News

  • The Telangana Gig and Platform Workers’ Union (TGPWU)urged the State government to ensure minimum wages, legal recognition, and comprehensive welfare schemes, for gig and platform workers.

    • Who are gig workers?

  • The World Economic Forum defines the gig economy as short-term, task-based work facilitated by digital platforms connecting workers with customers.
  •  In India, gig workers are considered “self-employed,” with increasing female participation. 
  • Gig work includes web-based tasks like content writing and software development, and location-based services like driving and food delivery through platforms such as Ola and Zomato. 
  • Gig workers are paid per task, enjoying flexible work outside the traditional 9-to-5 model.

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    PM State Visit to Ghana

    Context

  • Prime Minister Narendra Modi, who is on a five-nation tour, arrived in Ghana on a two-day State visit.

    • Major Highlights

  • This is the first visit by an Indian PM to Ghana in the last three decades.
  • Four MoUs were signed following the talks, including in the areas of cultural exchange and traditional music. 
  • Prime Minister Modi announced that the leaders have decided to give the India-Ghana partnership the form of a Comprehensive Partnership.
  • PM was also conferred with Ghana’s highest state honour ‘the Companion of the Order of the Star of Ghana’ in recognition of his distinguished statesmanship and influential global leadership. 

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    Phone Tapping and Right to Privacy

    Context

  • The Madras High Court refused to expand the scope of Section 5(2) of the Indian Telegraph Act of 1885, and permit the Central and State governments to resort to phone tapping as a covert measure to detect crimes.

    • Phone Tapping

  • Phone tapping refers to the interception of telephone conversations by a third party, often by government agencies, to gather information. 
  • It is a form of surveillance and, if misused, can violate individual privacy and constitutional rights.

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    संक्षिप्त समाचार 03-07-2025

    संदर्भ 

  • शोधकर्ताओं ने एक ऐसे व्यक्ति का पहला पूर्ण प्राचीन मिस्रवासी जीनोम अनुक्रमित किया है, जो लगभग 4,500–4,800 वर्ष पूर्व जीवित था — यह अब तक का मिस्र से प्राप्त सबसे प्राचीन डीएनए नमूना है।

    • परिचय

  • डीएनए को सफलतापूर्वक उस व्यक्ति के दांतों से निकाला गया।
  • प्राचीन मिस्रवासी का यह जीनोम अब तक का सबसे पूर्ण और सबसे पुराना माना जा रहा है। 

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