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News in Short – 8 October, 2025

Context

  • According to the Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS), Sri Lanka acts as a natural land barrier shielding the southeastern coast of the country from the long-period swell waves generated in the Southern Ocean.

    • Significance

  • Findings are valuable for India’s coastal zone management, disaster risk reduction, and climate adaptation planning under frameworks like the National Coastal Mission and Blue Economy initiatives.

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    Evolution of Bat Wings 

    Context

  • A study published in Nature Ecology & Evolution explores how bats evolved wings from the same five-digit mammalian limb structure.

    • Key Points

  • Bats are the only mammals that can fly. Their wings formed from the same five-fingered limbs found in other mammals.
  • Earlier, scientists thought bats kept the skin between their fingers by stopping cell death, but the study shows cell death still happens.
  • Researchers found special fibroblast cells in bats’ wings that help form the thin skin (called chiropatagium) used for flying.

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    e-Governance: Digital Transformation of Governance in India

    Context

  • The evolution of e-governance in India has reshaped governance from a top-down administrative model into a participatory, transparent, and citizen-centric ecosystem.

    • About e-Governance in India

  • It represents a paradigm shift in how the government interacts with citizens, businesses, and other arms of the state.
  • India has reimagined governance to be more transparent, efficient, and citizen-centric by leveraging Information and Communication Technology (ICT).

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    Europe’s Growing Role in India’s Diplomacy

    Context

  • British PM Keir Starmer’s visit to India, new EFTA trade pact, and EU trade negotiations indicate Europe’s growing role in India’s diplomacy.

    • Triggers for Western Pluralism:

  • US Policy Shifts under Trump: “America First” nationalism questioned alliances and security commitments.
  • It undermined the global institutions and trade norms.
  • Internal Divisions within the West: The western countries have disagreements on various global issues such as Russia, China, trade, and technology.
  • Europe itself begins to develop its own geopolitical act rather than remain a mere extension of the US within the so-called “collective West.”

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    Abhidhamma Divas 

    In News

  • The International Buddhist Confederation (IBC), in collaboration with Gautam Buddha University (GBU), Antarrashtriya Baudh Shodh Sansthan  and the Ministry of Culture celebrated International Abhidhamma Day.

    • Background 

  • Abhidhamma Divas commemorates the day when Lord Buddha descended from the celestial realm, Tāvatiṃsa-devaloka, to Sankassiya (now Sankisa Basantapur) in Uttar Pradesh. 
  • The Asokan Elephant Pillar, a historical marker at the site, marks this significant event. 
  • According to Theravāda Buddhist texts, Lord Buddha spent three months teaching the Abhidhamma to the deities in Tāvatiṃsa, including his mother.

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    2025 Nobel Prize in Physics

    Context

  • John Clarke, Michel Devoret and John Martinis will share the 2025 Nobel Prize in physics for their discovery of a phenomenon called quantum mechanical tunneling in an electrical circuit.

    • About

  • They showed that the process of tunneling can occur not only in subatomic particles but also in an electrical circuit made of superconductors.
  • Tunneling literally is the ability of particles to pass through physical walls.

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    संक्षिप्त समाचार 08-10-2025

    संदर्भ 

  • भारतीय राष्ट्रीय समुद्री सूचना सेवा केंद्र (INCOIS) के अनुसार, श्रीलंका एक प्राकृतिक स्थल बाधा के रूप में कार्य करता है, जो देश के दक्षिण-पूर्वी तट को दक्षिणी महासागर में उत्पन्न दीर्घ-अवधि की स्वेल तरंगों से बचाता है।

    • अध्ययन के निष्कर्ष 

  • टीम ने स्वेल तरंगों का अध्ययन किया।
  • ये लंबी समुद्री तरंगें होती हैं जो दक्षिणी महासागर में तूफानों के कारण बनती हैं।

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    ई-गवर्नेंस: भारत में शासन का डिजिटल परिवर्तन

    संदर्भ 

  • भारत में ई-गवर्नेंस का विकास प्रशासनिक मॉडल को ऊपर से नीचे के दृष्टिकोण से बदलकर एक सहभागी, पारदर्शी और नागरिक-केंद्रित प्रणाली में परिवर्तित कर चुका है।

    • भारत में ई-गवर्नेंस के बारे में 

  • यह इस बात में एक मौलिक बदलाव को दर्शाता है कि सरकार नागरिकों, व्यवसायों और राज्य के अन्य अंगों के साथ कैसे संवाद करती है। 
  • भारत ने सूचना और संचार प्रौद्योगिकी (ICT) का उपयोग करके शासन को अधिक पारदर्शी, कुशल एवं नागरिक-केंद्रित रूप में पुनः परिभाषित किया है।

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