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Monthly Archives: September 2025

सर्वोच्च न्यायालय द्वारा वक्फ (संशोधन) अधिनियम, 2025 बरकरार

संदर्भ 

  • सर्वोच्च न्यायालय ने वक्फ (संशोधन) अधिनियम, 2025 को बरकरार रखा है, जबकि कुछ प्रावधानों को रद्द करते हुए राज्य विनियमन और अल्पसंख्यक अधिकारों के बीच संतुलन स्थापित किया है।

    • वक्फ (संशोधन) अधिनियम, 2025 की प्रमुख संशोधन

  • वक्फ मामलों के प्रभारी केंद्रीय मंत्री पदेन अध्यक्ष होंगे। 
  • परिषद के सदस्य होंगे:
    संसद सदस्य (MPs)
    राष्ट्रीय ख्याति प्राप्त व्यक्ति
    सर्वोच्च न्यायालय/हाई कोर्ट के सेवानिवृत्त न्यायाधीश
    मुस्लिम कानून के प्रतिष्ठित विद्वान

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    भारत में महिलाओं की राजनीतिक भागीदारी

    संदर्भ 

  • हाल ही में, आंध्र प्रदेश के राज्यपाल ने महिलाओं के सशक्तिकरण पर संसदीय और विधायी समितियों के प्रथम राष्ट्रीय सम्मेलन में देश के राजनीतिक परिदृश्य में एक महत्वपूर्ण अंतर का प्रकटीकरण किया।

    • महिलाओं की राजनीतिक भागीदारी: वर्तमान परिदृश्य

  • संयुक्त राष्ट्र महिला के अनुसार, एकल या निम्न सदनों में केवल 27.2% सांसद महिलाएं हैं, जो 1995 में 11% थीं।
  • भारत में, लोकसभा में महिलाओं की हिस्सेदारी 14.7% है, जो वैश्विक औसत 26.5% से बहुत कम है। मंत्री पदों में प्रतिनिधित्व भी कम है, लगभग 10–11%।

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    News In Short – 15 September, 2025

    In News

  • The Philippines opposed China’s plan to establish a nature reserve at the disputed Huangyan Island (Scarborough Shoal) in the South China Sea.

    • About Huangyan Island (Scarborough Shoal)

  • Huangyan Island, also known as Scarborough Shoal (English) and Panatag Shoal (Philippines), is a disputed coral atoll located in the South China Sea. 
  • It is strategically significant for its rich fisheries, potential hydrocarbon resources, and military importance.
  • Located 220 km west of Luzon, Philippines, near the Manila Trench.
  • It first appeared on the 1734 Velarde Map of the Philippines, claimed under Spanish rule and later named “Scarborough” after a British ship grounded there in 1748.

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    India’s Outward FDI goes to ‘Tax Havens’

    In News

  • Indian companies are increasingly channeling their outward foreign direct investment (FDI) through low-tax jurisdictions—commonly referred to as tax havens—to expand their global footprint. 

    • Present Scenario 

  • The companies are routing their foreign investments through low-tax jurisdictions (tax havens) such as Singapore, Mauritius, UAE, the Netherlands, UK, and Switzerland.
  • According to data ,56% of India’s outward FDI in 2023-24 (₹1,946 crore of ₹3,488.5 crore) went to these jurisdictions.
  • In Q1 of 2024-25, this increased to 63%.

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    The SC issued Guidelines for Cases where DNA Evidence is Involved

    Context

  • The Supreme Court, in Kattavellai @ Devakar v. State of Tamil Nadu, recently issued guidelines to maintain the integrity of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) samples in criminal cases. 

    • Significance of DNA Evidence in Criminal Cases

  • DNA is a molecule that encodes the genetic information in all living organisms. 
  • It can be obtained from biological materials, such as bone, blood, semen, saliva, hair, or skin. 
  • Generally, when the DNA profile of a sample found at a crime scene matches the DNA profile of a suspect, it can be concluded that both samples have the same biological origin. However, it is not substantive evidence in criminal cases.
  • In the Devakar case, the Supreme Court said that DNA evidence is only an expert’s opinion (under Section 45 of the Evidence Act / Section 39 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023).

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    PM Inaugurates Development Projects in Manipur

    Context

  • The Prime Minister inaugurated and laid the foundation stone for multiple development projects in Imphal, Manipur.

    • What are the Key Unresolved Issues in Manipur?

  • Rehabilitation of Displaced Families: There are more than 280 relief camps in Manipur, sheltering about 57,000 people, many displaced for over two years.
  • Restrictions on Movement: During the conflict, “buffer zones” were set up as militarised boundaries separating the valley and hill districts. 
  • These zones restricted free movement, with Meiteis in the valley cut off from certain services and Kuki-Zo groups unable to access Imphal and other valley-based facilities.
  • Border Concerns: The porous international border with Myanmar is an issue. Meitei leaders allege that unchecked migration of Chin people (ethnically related to Kuki-Zo) is worsening tensions.

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    Pendency in Supreme Court Reaches All-Time High

    Context

  • The number of pending cases in the Supreme Court of India has surged to an all-time high, raising serious concerns about the efficiency, accessibility, and credibility of the judicial system.

    • Current Caseload

  • According to the National Judicial Data Grid (NJDG), the Supreme Court of India is witnessing an unprecedented rise in case pendency, with 88,492 matters currently awaiting disposal, that includes 69,605 civil cases and 18,887 criminal cases.
  • It has grown by over 35% in the past five years, despite digitization efforts and structural reforms.

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    Why Smart Cities Have Turned Into Sinking Streets?

    A decade after the launch of the Smart Cities Mission (SCM), which aimed to transform 100 Indian cities into models of efficiency and sustainability, the floods in several Indian cities revealed the fragile infrastructure and selective beautification, instead of resilient cities.

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