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News In Short 02-08-2025

Context

  • The Allahabad High Court has asked the Uttar Pradesh government to probe how fake Arya Samaj Societies are operating across the state, conducting marriages without verifying age and violating the anti-conversion law.

    • Arya Samaj Marriage

  • Arya Samaj was founded by Swami Dayanand Saraswati in 1875 as a Hindu reformist movement.
  • It promoted inter-caste and interfaith marriages and allowed conversions through a “shuddhi” (purification) ritual.
  • The Arya Marriage Validation Act, 1937 legally recognised such marriages, even between different castes or religions, if both parties declared themselves Arya Samajis.

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    Ramsar COP15 Concluded in Zimbabwe

    In News

  • The 15th Meeting of the Ramsar Convention (COP15), held in Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe, concluded  with new resolutions on wetland restoration, protection of migratory birds and wetland species, and equitable governance.

    • Major Outcomes 

  • At COP15 of the Ramsar Convention, all 13 proposed resolutions were adopted, marking significant progress in global wetland protection and restoration. 
  • The resolutions focused on national action, monitoring, capacity building, integrating wetlands into climate adaptation, and disaster risk reduction.
  • A key outcome was the Victoria Falls Declaration, emphasizing political will, resource mobilisation, and investment in sustainable wetland management.
  • Its Highlights include commitments to restore degraded freshwater ecosystems, protect migratory birds, and adopt clearer criteria for designating Wetlands of International Importance.

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    Microplastics Detected in Human Brains

    Context

  • Recent scientific studies have found microplastics in human brains, raising concerns about potential health risks and need for a Global Plastics Treaty.

    • What is Plastic and Microplastics?

  • The word plastic is derived from the Greek word plastikos, meaning “capable of being shaped or moulded.”
  • Plastic refers to a wide range of synthetic or semi-synthetic materials that use polymers as a main ingredient with their defining quality being their plasticity – the ability of a solid material to undergo permanent deformation in response to applied forces.
  • This makes them extremely adaptable, capable of being shaped as per requirement.
  • The basic building blocks of plastics are monomers, which are small molecules that can join together to form long chains called polymers through a process called polymerization. 

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    India’s Strategic Focus in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR)

    In Context

  • In a written reply to the Lok Sabha, the Minister of State for External Affairs reaffirmed India’s robust and comprehensive engagement with countries of the Indian Ocean Region (IOR).

    • About

  • Underlining the significance of Neighbourhood First Policy and MAHASAGAR (Mutual and Holistic Advancement for Security and Growth Across Regions), he reaffirmed that Sri Lanka, Maldives, and Mauritius occupy a central role in India’s maritime diplomacy.

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    Linguistic Reorganisation of States in India

    Context

  • The Tamil Nadu Governor recently criticised the linguistic division of states in India, calling it a factor in the creation of “second-class citizens”.

    • The States Reorganisation Act, 1956

  • The Act abolished the existing classification of states into Part A, B, C, and D, establishing a unified system of 14 states and 6 union territories.
  • It led to the formation of states like Kerala, Karnataka, and enlarged existing states by merging territories based on linguistic majority.
  • The Bombay Reorganisation Act (1960) later created Maharashtra and Gujarat.
  • Created further reorganisations: Punjab (1966), North-Eastern states (1963–1987), Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Uttarakhand (2000), and Telangana (2014).

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    13th India-UAE Joint Defence Cooperation Committee (JDCC) meeting

    Context

  • India and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) reaffirmed their commitment to strengthening bilateral defence cooperation during the 13th India-UAE Joint Defence Cooperation Committee (JDCC) meeting, held in New Delhi.

    • Key Outcomes of the 13th JDCC Meeting

  • Joint Manufacturing: India and UAE agreed to pursue joint manufacturing initiatives, replicating the model of collaboration between ICOMM (India) and CARACAL (UAE) for small arms production.
  • Technology Co-Development: Discussions were held on co-developing next-generation technologies in emerging areas such as Artificial Intelligence, autonomy, and cybersecurity.
  • Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed between the Indian Coast Guard and the UAE National Guard to deepen collaboration in Search and rescue operations, Anti-piracy missions, Pollution control response and Maritime situational awareness.

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    India’s Digital Sovereignty

    In the recently concluded India–United Kingdom Free Trade Agreement (FTA), formally known as the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA), while much attention has been paid to traditional sectors like agriculture and labour-intensive manufacturing, one crucial domain — India’s digital sector — has remained curiously unexamined.

    सक्षिप्त समाचार 02-08-2025

    संदर्भ 

  • इलाहाबाद उच्च न्यायालय ने उत्तर प्रदेश सरकार से राज्य भर में फर्जी आर्य समाज समितियों के संचालन की जाँच करने को कहा है, जो बिना उम्र की पुष्टि किए विवाह करा रही हैं और धर्मांतरण विरोधी कानून का उल्लंघन कर रही हैं।

    • आर्य समाज विवाह

  • आर्य समाज की स्थापना स्वामी दयानंद सरस्वती ने 1875 में एक हिंदू सुधारवादी आंदोलन के रूप में की थी।
  • इसने अंतर्जातीय एवं अंतर्धार्मिक विवाहों को बढ़ावा दिया और “शुद्धि” अनुष्ठान के माध्यम से धर्मांतरण की अनुमति दी।

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    जिम्बाब्वे में रामसर COP15 का समापन

    संदर्भ 

  • रामसर कन्वेंशन की 15वीं बैठक (COP15), जो विक्टोरिया फॉल्स, ज़िम्बाब्वे में आयोजित हुई, का समापन हुआ। इसमें आर्द्रभूमियों के पुनर्स्थापन, प्रवासी पक्षियों और आर्द्रभूमि प्रजातियों की सुरक्षा तथा समान शासन व्यवस्था पर नए प्रस्ताव पारित किए गए।

    • रामसर कन्वेंशन की 15वीं बैठक (COP15)

  • ज़िम्बाब्वे में आयोजित रामसर COP15 सम्मेलन में लगभग 3,000 प्रतिनिधियों ने भाग लिया। यह दूसरी बार था जब अफ्रीका ने इस सम्मेलन की मेज़बानी की (प्रथम  बार 2005 में युगांडा में COP9)।
  • सम्मेलन का विषय था: “हमारे साझा भविष्य के लिए आर्द्रभूमियों की सुरक्षा”, जिसमें वैश्विक हितधारकों ने मीठे पानी की पारिस्थितिकी प्रणालियों को लेकर खतरे पर चर्चा की।

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