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Daily Archives: May 9, 2025

News In Short-9-05-2025

Context

  • Kozhikode city has received global recognition by becoming a member of the World Health Organization’s Global Network for Age-friendly Cities and Communities (GNAFCC).

    • What is an Age-Friendly City?

  • An age-friendly city ensures that urban environments, infrastructure, and services are accessible and inclusive for older adults. It addresses challenges related to:
  • Accessible public spaces (parks, transportation, buildings),
  • Affordable and suitable housing, healthcare access and social support,
  • Age-friendly communication tools,
  • Participation in community activities.

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    Supreme Court Flags Bitcoin Trading as a Way for Hawala

    Context

  • The Supreme Court expressed concern over the unregulated nature of Bitcoin trading in India, likening it to a “refined way of Hawala business.”

    • What is Bitcoin?

  • Bitcoin is a type of digital or virtual currency that uses cryptography for security, making it difficult to counterfeit or double-spend. 
  • It operates on decentralized networks based on blockchain technology—a distributed ledger enforced by a network of computers. 
  • Cryptocurrencies are typically not controlled by any central authority, which makes them theoretically immune to government interference or manipulation.

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    CCI Notifies New Definitions to Curb Predatory Pricing

    In News

  • The Competition Commission of India (CCI) has notified the “Determination of Cost of Production Regulations, 2025”, replacing its 2009 framework.

    • Background: Predatory Pricing and Competition Law

  • Predatory pricing is defined under the Competition Act, 2002 as “the sale of goods or provision of services, at a price below the cost of production with a view to reduce competition or eliminate competitors.”
  • Such practices are deemed abuse of dominant position under Section 4 of the Act.
  • The earlier Cost Regulations (2009) were increasingly seen as outdated amid the rise of digital markets, which involve complex pricing structures, cross-subsidies, and non-monetary value exchanges.

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    Air Defence Systems: India & World

    Context

  • Recently, India thwarted Pakistani aerial attacks along the western border through its air defence systems, and successfully neutralized an air defence system in Lahore, Pakistan.

    • About the Air Defence Systems

  • These are critical components of a nation’s security infrastructure, designed to detect, track, and neutralize aerial threats such as enemy aircraft, missiles, and drones. 
  • These systems operate through layered defense mechanisms, combining radars, missile interceptors, electronic warfare tools, and command centers to safeguard airspace.

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    India’s latest MMR Shows a Declining Trend 

    In News

  • India’s latest Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) data was released by the Registrar-General of India.

    • Recent Findings 

  • Maternal Mortality Ratio in India dropped to 93 per 100,000 live births in 2019–21, down from 97 (2018–20) and 103 (2017–19).
  • The highest MMR occurs in the 20-29 age group, and the second highest in the 30-34 age group.
  • Several States, including Madhya Pradesh (175), Assam (167), Uttar Pradesh (151), Odisha (135), Chhattisgarh (132), West Bengal (109), and Haryana (106), have high MMRs.

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    CJI Forwards ‘In-House’ Panel Probe Report To President

    Context

  • Chief Justice of India (CJI) Sanjiv Khanna has forwarded to the President and the Prime Minister the report of an in-house committee that investigated allegations against the Delhi High Court judge.

    • Judicial Precedents

  • K Veeraswami v. Union of India (1991): No criminal case can be registered against a judge of a high court or the Supreme Court without the prior permission of the Chief Justice of India.
  • The Additional District and Sessions Judge versus Registrar General, High Court Of Madhya Pradesh judgment, 2014: If a judge refuses to resign despite adverse findings by an in-house panel, the report must be forwarded to constitutional authorities for further action.

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    SC Rules Rohingya Refugees Subject to Foreigners Act

    Context

  • The Supreme Court observed that if Rohingya refugees are found to be ‘foreigners’ under the Foreigners Act, they will be dealt with as per the law. 

    • Who are the Rohingya refugees? 

  • The Rohingya are a Muslim minority ethnic group with their roots in the Arakan kingdom in Myanmar. 
  • The Rohingya are culturally and religiously distinct from the majority Buddhist population in Myanmar. 
  • The Rohingya claim to have lived in Myanmar’s Rakhine State for generations, but successive governments in the country have disputed their ties, labelling them illegal immigrants from Bangladesh. 
  • Myanmar has denied them citizenship since 1982, thus making them the world’s largest stateless population. 

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    संक्षिप्त समाचार 09-05-2025

    संदर्भ 

  • कोझिकोड शहर ने विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठन (WHO) के ग्लोबल नेटवर्क फॉर एज-फ्रेंडली सिटीज एंड कम्युनिटीज (GNAFCC) का सदस्य बनकर वैश्विक मान्यता प्राप्त की है।

    • एज-फ्रेंडली शहर क्या है? 

  • एक एज-फ्रेंडली शहर यह सुनिश्चित करता है कि शहरी पर्यावरण, बुनियादी ढाँचा और सेवाएँ वृद्ध वयस्कों के लिए सुलभ और समावेशी हों। यह निम्नलिखित चुनौतियों को संबोधित करता है:
  • सुलभ सार्वजनिक स्थान (पार्क, परिवहन, भवन), सस्ती और उपयुक्त आवास, स्वास्थ्य देखभाल और सामाजिक समर्थन, वृद्धजन अनुकूल संचार उपकरण, सामुदायिक गतिविधियों में भागीदारी

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    उच्चतम न्यायालय ने बिटकॉइन ट्रेडिंग को हवाला का माध्यम बताया

    संदर्भ 

  • सर्वोच्च न्यायालय ने भारत में बिटकॉइन व्यापार की अनियमित प्रकृति पर चिंता व्यक्त की और इसकी तुलना “हवाला कारोबार के परिष्कृत तरीके” से की।

    • बिटकॉइन क्या है?

  • बिटकॉइन एक प्रकार की डिजिटल या आभासी मुद्रा है जो सुरक्षा के लिए क्रिप्टोग्राफी का उपयोग करती है, जिससे इसे नकली बनाना या दोहरा व्यय करना मुश्किल हो जाता है।   
  • यह ब्लॉकचेन तकनीक पर आधारित विकेंद्रीकृत नेटवर्क पर कार्य करता है – कंप्यूटर के नेटवर्क द्वारा लागू किया जाने वाला एक वितरित खाता बही। 
  • क्रिप्टोकरेंसी को सामान्यतः किसी केंद्रीय प्राधिकरण द्वारा नियंत्रित नहीं किया जाता है, जो उन्हें सैद्धांतिक रूप से सरकारी हस्तक्षेप या हेरफेर से मुक्त बनाता है।

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