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    ग्रेट निकोबार: समुद्री महत्वाकांक्षा और पारिस्थितिक विवेक के मध्य संतुलन

    ग्रेट निकोबार द्वीप विकास परियोजना (GNIDP) भारत की “विकसित भारत” आकांक्षाओं का प्रतीक है, लेकिन इसके साथ ही यह पारिस्थितिकीय स्थायित्व और आदिवासी अधिकारों को लेकर तीव्र चिंताएं भी उत्पन्न करता है। यह एक परिचर्चा का विषय बन गया है कि देश रणनीतिक, आर्थिक और पर्यावरणीय अनिवार्यताओं के बीच किस प्रकार संतुलन बनाए रखता है।

    News In Short – 12 September, 2025

    In News

  • The Prime Minister paid homage to Acharya Vinoba Bhave on the occasion of his birth anniversary.

    • Acharya Vinoba Bhave 

  • He was born on September 11, 1895 and was a renowned spiritual leader, freedom fighter, and social reformer.
  • He was deeply influenced by Mahatma Gandhi after reading about his speech in 1916 and abandoned formal education and joined Gandhi at the Kochrab Ashram. 
  • He was often regarded as Gandhi’s spiritual successor and the National Teacher of India.
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    Opportunity Cost of Excessive Militarisation

    Context

  • With Military expenditures reaching $2.7 trillion in 2024, the UN warns that a small fraction could eradicate extreme poverty, hunger, and finance climate adaptation in developing countries, highlighting the opportunity cost of excessive militarisation.

    • Global trend in Militarization

  • Concentration of Power: The top five spenders (US, China, Russia, India, Germany) together account for nearly 60% of total global military expenditure, reflecting a highly asymmetrical global security order.
  • The 9 nuclear-armed countries (US, Russia, UK, France, China, India, Pakistan, North Korea, Israel) possess approximately 12,241 warheads as of January 2025.
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    India Shows Rise in Deaths From Non-communicable Diseases: Lancet Study

    In News

  • India experienced an increase in mortality risk from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) from 2010–2019.

    • Key Findings

  • In India, overall NCD mortality between 2010 and 2019 increased by 2.1% for females and 0.1% for males compared to 2000–2010.
  • The percentage of newborns dying from a chronic disease before they turn 80 years old was 46.7 per cent in females in 2001, 46.6 per cent in 2010 and in 2019 it was 48.7 per cent. 
  • Among men in 2001 it was 56 per cent, in 2010- it was 57.8 per cent and in 2019 it was 57.9 per cent.
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    Five Years of Blue Revolution

    In News

  • The Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) has significantly advanced the fisheries sector by making it ecologically sustainable, economically viable, and socially inclusive  five years since its launch.

    • Background 

  • The Blue Revolution, launched in 2015, aimed to boost fish production and modernize the fisheries value chain. 
  • While it improved productivity and infrastructure, gaps remained in areas like post-harvest handling, traceability, fisher welfare, and market access. 
  • To address these, the government launched the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) in 2020, building on the Blue Revolution's progress with a more comprehensive and integrated approach.
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    France’s New Prime Minister Assumes Office Amidst Political Uncertainty

    Context

  • President Emmanuel Macron named close ally Sébastien Lecornu as the new French Prime Minister, a day after a confidence vote in parliament removed François Bayrou from the post.

    • Background

  • The French Constitution (1958): France operates under the Constitution of the Fifth Republic, drafted in 1958. It establishes a semi-presidential system, with power shared between the directly elected President and the appointed Prime Minister.
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    India Announces USD680 mn Special Economic Package for Mauritius

    Context

  • India announced a USD 680 million Special Economic Package for Mauritius during the visit of Mauritius Prime Minister Navinchandra Ramgoolam to Varanasi in 2025, aimed at deepening strategic and development cooperation between the two countries.

    • Key Points

  • Under the special economic package, India will assist Mauritius in implementing at least 10 projects, including upgrading key infrastructure such as ports, airports, and roads, as well as establishing new schools and hospitals.
  • Approximately USD 440 million (grant-cum-Line of Credit) will be used for large infrastructure projects such as completion of a new Air Traffic Control (ATC) tower at SSR International Airport and development of Motorway M4.
  • The both sides will work towards enabling bilateral trade in local currencies following successful launch of UPI and RuPay cards in Mauritius.
  • The package reflects strong people-to-people ties, with over 68% of Mauritius's population being of Indian origin, strengthening bilateral goodwill.
    • Read More
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