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World Inequality Report 2026 Released

Context

  • The 3rd edition of the World Inequality Report highlights widening gaps in wealth, income, climate responsibility, and global financial flows, with India showing high levels of concentration at the top.

    • Key Findings of Report

  • Global Inequality Trends: The top 10% globally own three-quarters of all wealth; 
  • The bottom 50% hold just 2%;
  • The top 1% control 37% of global wealth, 18 times more than the bottom half of the world combined.
  • Gender Inequality: Women earn only 61% of men’s income per working hour (excluding unpaid work).

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    Deepavali Added to UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List

    Context

  • Deepavali has been inscribed on UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity during the 20th Session of the Intergovernmental Committee, held in New Delhi.

    • About Deepavali

  • Deepavali, also known as Diwali, is celebrated on Kartik Amaavasya, which typically falls in October or November. 
  • Residences, thoroughfares, and temples are illuminated with numerous oil lamps.
  • The festival opens with Dhanteras, when families purchase metalware or essentials as symbols of prosperity.
  • It is followed by Naraka Chaturdashi.
  • The third day is the highlight of Deepavali- the sacred Lakshmi-Ganesha Puja.

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    News In Short 10-12-2025

    In News

  • Prime Minister Narendra Modi paid tribute to C. Rajagopalachari popularly known as Rajaji on his birth anniversary (10th December).

    • C. Rajagopalachari

  • Early Life and Education: 
  • He was a  close associate of Mahatma Gandhi.
  • Completed Bachelor of Law (1899) and began practicing law in Salem.
  • Early political consciousness was shaped by Curzon’s Partition of Bengal (1905) and Tilak’s call for Swaraj.

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    AI–copyright Overhaul with ‘One Nation, One Licence, One Payment’ Model

    Context

  • The DPIIT-led committee has released a working paper titled ‘One Nation, One License, One Payment: Balancing AI Innovation and Copyright’.

    • About

  • The DPIIT-led committee has recommended a “hybrid model” of compensation for use of copyrighted content in AI training.
  • If implemented, India would become the only country to prescribe a statutory licensing regime for AI developers, with royalty rates prescribed by a government-appointed committee.

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    US Unveils National Security Strategy 2025

    In News

  • The US has released the National Security Strategy (NSS) 2025, marking a decisive departure from post-Cold War American foreign policy frameworks to the “Make America Great Again (MAGA)” agenda at the heart of U.S. global strategy.

    • How does MAGA shape the new NSS?

  • Focused national interest: Only issues directly affecting core US security and prosperity are treated as strategic; the document explicitly criticises earlier “global domination” ambitions.
  • Regional Priorities: It puts the Western Hemisphere at the top, announcing a “Trump Corollary” to the Monroe Doctrine to re‑assert US pre‑eminence in the Americas, curb Chinese and other extra‑regional influence.
  • The Monroe Doctrine was a foreign policy principle declared by US President James Monroe in 1823, asserting that the Western Hemisphere was closed to future European colonization, the US would oppose any European intervention in independent American states.
  • Primacy of nations and sovereignty: It asserts the nation‑state as the fundamental unit, defends US sovereignty against international institutions and “transnationalism”, and encourages all states to put their own interests first.

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    Citizenship Under CAA Only After Scrutiny: SC

    Context

  • The Supreme Court of India has recently clarified that citizenship under the Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019 (CAA) is not automatic.
  • Applicants must meet all conditions of naturalisation, and the Union government must examine each case individually.

    • Key Features of the Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019

  • Purpose and Objective: The CAA amends the Citizenship Act of 1955 to provide Indian citizenship to certain persecuted minorities from neighboring countries of Pakistan, Afghanistan, or Bangladesh. 
  • Eligible Communities: The Act specifically covers six non-Muslim religious communities of Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis, and Christians.
  • Individuals from these communities who entered India on or before December 31, 2014, without valid travel documents or whose documents expired, are eligible for citizenship.
  • Exemption from ‘Illegal Migrant’ Status: Such persons shall not be treated as illegal migrants under the Act, enabling them to apply for citizenship through naturalization.
  • The required period of residence in India for naturalization has been reduced from 11 years to 5 years for these groups.

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    News In Short 08-12-2025

    In News

  • The 11th India International Science Festival (IISF) commenced in Panchkula, Haryana.

    • India International Science Festival (IISF)

  • It was launched in 2015 and has established itself as a major platform for scientific exchange, innovation, outreach, and public engagement, consistently expanding its scale through diverse programmes, wide participation, and landmark initiatives across each edition.
  • Theme : The theme of IISF 2025 is Vigyan Se Samruddhi: for Aatmanirbhar Bharat.

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    NITI Aayog & IBM Unveil Roadmap to Make India a Top-3 Quantum Economy by 2047

    Context

  • The NITI Aayog’s Frontier Tech Hub, in partnership with International Business Machines-IBM, has released a national roadmap to transform India into one of the world’s top-three quantum economies by 2047.

    • About

  • Quantum technology is a rapidly advancing field that leverages the principles of quantum mechanics to develop new technologies with unprecedented capabilities.
  • By 2035, quantum technologies are projected to unlock USD 1–2 trillion in new global value across industries.
  • India entered the global quantum race by launching the National Quantum Mission (NQM) in 2023, from 2023-24 to 2030-31.

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    National Intelligence Grid (NATGRID): Strengthening India’s Internal Security Architecture

    Context

  • The National Intelligence Grid (NATGRID) has begun receiving nearly 45,000 requests per month, reflecting a significant rise in its use by central and state security agencies.

    • What is the National Intelligence Grid (NATGRID)?

  • NATGRID is a real-time intelligence and data-access platform developed after the 26/11 Mumbai attacks (2008) to enable seamless information-sharing across agencies.
  • It functions under the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) and consolidates over 20 categories of civil and commercial data, such as bank transactions, telecom usage, passport/immigration records, tax IDs, police FIRs (CCTNS), and other e-governance sources.
  • Data accessibility: Initially restricted to Intelligence Bureau (IB), the Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW), the National Investigation Agency (NIA), the Enforcement Directorate (ED), the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU), the Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB) and the Directorate of Revenue Intelligence (DRI) etc.

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    Export Promotion Mission (EPM)

    Context

  • The Government has approved the Export Promotion Mission (EPM) with ₹25,060 crore to boost exports, especially for MSMEs and labour-intensive sectors.

    • Export Promotion Mission

  • In the Union Budget for 2025-26, the Finance Minister announced an Export Promotion Mission.
  • It would facilitate easy access to export credit, cross-border factoring support, and support to MSMEs to tackle non-tariff measures in overseas markets.
  • Time Span: EPM will span six years covering FY 2025-26 to FY 2030-31.

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