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Author Archives: NEXT IAS Current Affairs Team

Legalities Involved in Organ Transplants

Context

  • India’s performance in deceased organ donation remains extremely low (0.77 per million in 2023, compared to 49.38 in Spain). Nearly 5 lakh Indians die annually waiting for transplants.

    • Organ Transplant and Donation

  • Organ Transplantation/Donation is a surgical procedure in which an organ, tissue or a group of cells are removed from one person and surgically transplanted into another person.
  • One person can save up to 8 lives by donating heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, pancreas and intestines.
  • In India, the organ transplantation is one of the lowest in comparison with the western nations.

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    Concerns Over the Draft Indian Statistical Institute Bill 2025 

    In News

  • The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) released the draft Indian Statistical Institute Bill, 2025 for public consultation.
  • The Bill proposes a major restructuring of the governance and functioning of the Indian Statistical Institute (ISI).

    • Draft Indian Statistical Institute Bill, 2025: Key Provisions

  • Transformation into a Statutory Body: Replaces the ISI Act, 1959, and dissolves the existing society-based structure. ISI becomes a centrally supervised statutory institution, created directly by Parliament.
  • Changes in Governance Structure: Board of Governance will wield most institutional powers. Majority of Board members are Central Government nominees; internal academic representation is reduced to only three seats.
  • The Academic Council becomes recommendatory rather than decision-making.

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    UNESCO’s 20th Session of the Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage

    Context

  • India is hosting the 20th session of the UNESCO Intergovernmental Committee for Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, 2025 in Red Fort complex, New Delhi.
  • This will be the first time that India hosts the ICH Committee session and the Ministry of Culture and Sangeet Natak Akademi (SNA) are the nodal agencies for hosting the Session.

    • About the Intangible cultural heritage

  • Intangible cultural heritage, includes the practices, knowledge, expressions, objects, and spaces that communities see as part of their cultural identity.
  • Passed down over generations, this heritage evolves, strengthening cultural identity and appreciation of diversity.
  • Historical Background: For the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage, UNESCO adopted the 2003 Convention during its 32nd General Conference in Paris.

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    News In Short 06-12-2025

    In News

  • A large-scale cancellation of flights by a major Indian airline recently led the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) to grant a one-time exemption from the newly implemented Flight Duty Time Limitations (FDTL) rules.

  • These rules are designed to prevent pilot fatigue by restricting maximum duty hours and mandating adequate rest periods.

    • About Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA)

  • Overview: DGCA is India’s statutory civil aviation regulator mandated to ensure aviation safety, airworthiness, and compliance with global aviation standards. 
  • Establishment: Created in 1927 as a government organisation. Became a statutory body in 2020 after amendments to the Aircraft Act. 
  • Administrative Control: Functions under the Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA). 

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    India’s Groundwater Contamination Crisis

    Context

  • The Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) highlights a disturbing rise in toxic contaminants across India’s aquifers.

    • About

  • India holds 18% of the world’s population but only 4% of its freshwater resources, placing enormous pressure on available water systems. 
  • India depends on groundwater for about 85% of its rural drinking water needs and around 60% of irrigation water. 

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    Private Member Bill on Right to Disconnect

    Context

  • A private member bill “Right to Disconnect Bill, 2025”, reintroduced in the Lok Sabha.

    • What is Right to Disconnect?

  • The Right to Disconnect refers to an employee’s right to not engage in work-related communications—such as calls, emails, or messages—outside official working hours.
  • It aims to protect workers from excessive digital connectivity and ensure a healthy work–life balance.

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    Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Indian Judiciary

    Context

  • Recently, the Chief Justice of India (CJI) observed that the judges are ‘over-conscious’ of the risks in using Artificial Intelligence (AI), while hearing a PIL seeking guidelines to check the misuse of AI in Courts.

    • Promise of AI in the Courts

  • AI technologies such as Natural Language Processing (NLP), Machine Learning (ML), Optical Character Recognition (OCR), and Predictive Analytics are being deployed in the Indian legal system.

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    70th Mahaparinirvan Diwas

    In News

  • President Droupadi Murmu and  Prime Minister Narendra Modi  paid floral tributes to Dr. B.R. Ambedkar on Mahaparinirvan Diwas at the Parliament complex in New Delhi.

    • Mahaparinirvan Diwas

  • It is observed annually on December 6 to commemorate the death anniversary of Bharat Ratna Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar, fondly known as Babasaheb Ambedkar, the chief architect of the Indian Constitution.
  • Dr. Ambedkar, a revered leader, thinker, and reformer, dedicated his life to championing equality and eradicating caste-based discrimination.

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    23rd India-Russia Annual Summit

    Context

  • India and Russia held their 23rd annual bilateral summit, marking a major milestone — 25 years of the Declaration on Strategic Partnership (2000).

    • Key Outcomes of the Visit

  • Economic Programme 2030: The Leaders welcomed the adoption of the Programme for the Development of Strategic Areas of India – Russia Economic Cooperation till 2030 (Programme 2030). 
  • Trade Target: Both Sides emphasised that addressing tariff and non-tariff trade barriers, for timely achievement of the revised bilateral trade target of USD 100 billion by 2030. 
  • Strategic Agreements Signed: India and Russia exchanged sixteen agreements in areas related to defence, trade, economy, healthcare, academics, culture and media.

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    संक्षिप्त समाचार 06-12-2025

    संदर्भ 

  • हाल ही में एक प्रमुख भारतीय एयरलाइन द्वारा बड़े पैमाने पर उड़ानों की रद्दीकरण के कारण से नागरिक उड्डयन महानिदेशालय (DGCA) ने नए लागू किए गए फ्लाइट ड्यूटी टाइम लिमिटेशन (FDTL) नियमों से एक बार की छूट प्रदान की।

    • नागरिक उड्डयन महानिदेशालय (DGCA) के बारे में

  • अवलोकन: DGCA भारत का वैधानिक नागरिक उड्डयन नियामक है, जिसका दायित्व विमानन सुरक्षा, एयरवर्थिनेस और वैश्विक विमानन मानकों के अनुपालन को सुनिश्चित करना है।
  • स्थापना: इसे 1927 में एक सरकारी संगठन के रूप में बनाया गया था। 2020 में विमान अधिनियम में संशोधन के बाद यह एक वैधानिक निकाय बन गया।

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