- All India Speakers’ Conference held in New Delhi, marking the 100th anniversary of Vitthalbhai Patel’s election as the first Indian Speaker of the Central Legislative Assembly.
- The Central Legislative Assembly (CLA) was the lower house of the Indian Legislature in British India, established by the Government of India Act 1919 as part of the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms.
- The 1919 Act created a two-house system: the Central Legislative Assembly (lower house) and the Council of State (upper house).
- The CLA was constituted in 1921 following the 1920 elections.
- Composition: It had 145 members, with 104 being elected and the remaining 41 nominated by the Governor-General. Read More
Home / Daily Current Affairs / 25-08-2025
Daily Current Affairs – 25 August, 2025
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- The Jan Vishwas (Amendment of Provisions) Bill, 2025 was introduced in Lok Sabha.
- More than 75% of all crimes are defined under laws that regulate areas beyond core criminal justice, such as shipping, taxation, financial institutions, and municipal governance.
- There are some inexplicably high punishments for seemingly routine offences.
- While many such criminal provisions are rarely enforced, they may lead to the arbitrary exercise of power by the state.
- The excessive criminalisation further burdens India’s already burdened legal system. Read More
Jan Vishwas 2.0
Context
Need for the Amendment
- India’s low-cost, cooperative-led dairying model ensures global price competitiveness, but its dependence on cheap labour and low productivity poses long-term sustainability challenges.
- Global Leadership: India is the world’s largest milk producer, contributing 24.76% of global milk output.
- Production Growth: Milk production rose from 146.31 million tonnes in 2014-15 to 239.30 million tonnes in 2023-24.
- Economic Contribution: Dairy is India’s single largest agricultural commodity, contributing 5% to GDP and employing over 8 crore farmers.
- Growth Performance: Livestock sector grew at a CAGR of 7.9% (2014-15 to 2020-21), outpacing the agriculture sector. Read More
India’s Unique Dairying Model and Its Challenges
Context
Dairy Sector of India
- India’s cruise tourism is rapidly developing by leveraging its extensive rivers, coastlines, and ports to offer unique leisure and cultural experiences.
- India is well-positioned for cruise tourism with its extensive infrastructure, including 12 major and 200 minor ports along a 7,500 km coastline, over 20,000 km of navigable waterways connecting around 400 rivers, and numerous coastal states, union territories, and 1,300 islands.
- From Kerala’s backwaters to major rivers like the Ganga and Brahmaputra, cruise tourism is driving economic growth, creating jobs, and supporting local communities. Read More
Cruise Tourism in India
In Context
Indian Scenario
- In a major decision aimed at curbing environmental damage from sand mining, the Supreme Court emphasized that no approval can be granted for mining in a riverbed without a thorough scientific study.
- The court described this “replenishment study” as a mandatory requirement, upholding a National Green Tribunal (NGT) order that had cancelled the environmental clearance for a mining project in Jammu and Kashmir.
- It emphasised that the District Survey Report is essential to scientifically determine sustainable extraction limits and prevent the degradation of river ecosystems. Read More
No Riverbed Mining Nod Without Sand Replenishment Study: SC
Context
About
- According to a recent study published in Nature Ecology & Evolution, invasive non-native plants and animals have inflicted more than $2.2 trillion in damages worldwide since 1960, and found that the true costs may be 16 times higher than previously estimated.
- Among the most costly to manage are Japanese knotweed (Reynoutria japonica) and common lantana (Lantana camara).
- In India, the MoEFCC recognizes over 154 invasive faunal species, spanning terrestrial, freshwater, and marine ecosystems.
- Invasive plants like Lantana camara and Senna spectabilis have colonized vast swathes of the Western Ghats, including critical tiger and elephant habitats.
- Lantana alone has invaded over 40% of India’s tiger habitats, threatening prey availability and altering forest dynamics. Read More
Cost of Dealing with Invasive Species
Context
Common invasive species in India
- Hawaii’s Kilauea Volcano, one of the world’s most active, has started erupting again.
- It is one of six active volcanoes in the Hawaiian Islands. It is a shield volcano and is known for effusive lava flows rather than explosive eruptions.
- It is located within the Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, alongside Mauna Loa (the largest volcano in the world).
- Although smaller than Mauna Loa, Kilauea is more active, erupting frequently since 1983. Read More
