World Migration Report 2022

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    In News 

    • Recently, the International Organization for Migration (IOM) launched its flagship World Migration Report 2022.

    About World Migration Report 

    • It is produced by the Migration Research Division (MRD), in collaboration with some of the leading academic and applied researchers and other migration experts from across the world. 
    • It has been produced biennially since 2000. 
    • It has been produced to contribute to an increased understanding of migration and mobility throughout the world. 
    • The 2020 edition won gold in the 2021 International Annual Report Design Awards.

    Major Findings 

    • Increase in migrants: The number of international migrants has grown from 84 million globally in 1970 to 281 million in 2020.
    • The number of air passengers globally dropped 60 per cent in 2020 to 1.8 billion (down from 4.5 billion in 2019) while at the same time internal displacement due to disaster, conflict and violence rose to 40.5 million (up from 31.5 million in 2019).
      • Asia reported the largest displacement due to disasters. 
        • The Philippines experienced the highest absolute number of new disaster displacements in 2020 (approximately 5.1 million).
    • China reported five million new disaster displacements by the end of 2020. 
    • India reported nearly four million new displacements due to disasters.
    • Causes: Total internal displacement due to disaster, conflict and violence has increased in comparison to 2019, despite containment due to the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020
      • Most of the new displacement is due to climate-related events: 

    International Organization for Migration

    • It is an intergovernmental organization that works closely with governmental, non-governmental, and intergovernmental partners in the field of migration.
    • Headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.
    • The objective is to provide for the organized transfer of migrants, including refugees, displaced persons and other individuals forced to leave their homelands; meet the needs of both emigration and immigration countries, and provide migrants with resettlement services.
    • India was granted an observer’s status to IOM in the year 1991 and became a member state in 2008. 
      • IOM has helped India airlift Indian nationals out of Kuwait during the Iraqi invasion and also repatriation of about thirty thousand Indians stranded abroad in the last 15 years.

    Source: DTE

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