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Simultaneous Polls Do Not Violate Constitution’s Basic Structure

Context

  • Former Chief Justice of India B.R. Gavai said that the Simultaneous elections do not violate the basic structure of the Constitution or its federal framework.

    • About

  • He told this to the Parliament’s Joint Committee reviewing the Constitution (One Hundred and Twenty-Ninth Amendment) Bill, 2024.
  • Former CJI Argument: 
  • The legislation brings “only a change in the manner of elections once”, which does not breach the basic structure doctrine. 

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    Safeguarding Women at Work

    Context

  • The Government highlighted that it remains committed to effective enforcement of the SH Act and to empowering every woman with a harassment-free work environment.

    • Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013

  • Aim: To provide a safe and secure working environment for women.
  • Definition of Sexual Harassment includes physical contact, demands for sexual favors, making sexually colored remarks, showing pornography, and any other unwelcome physical, verbal or non-verbal conduct.

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    Re-evaluating India’s ‘Neighbourhood First’ Policy

    Published on: 13 February, 2026

    India’s Neighbourhood First Policy (NFP) has completed one decade recently. This milestone has triggered debates on whether the policy has strengthened India’s regional leadership or whether structural and geopolitical challenges have limited its success.

    समकालिक चुनाव संविधान की मूल संरचना का उल्लंघन नहीं 

    संदर्भ

  • भारत के पूर्व मुख्य न्यायाधीश बी.आर. गवई ने कहा कि समकालिक चुनाव संविधान की मूल संरचना अथवा उसके संघीय ढाँचे का उल्लंघन नहीं करते हैं।

    •  परिचय 

  • उन्होंने यह बात संसद की संयुक्त समिति के समक्ष कही, जो संविधान (एक सौ उनतीसवाँ संशोधन) विधेयक, 2024 की समीक्षा कर रही है।
  • यह विधेयक “केवल एक बार चुनाव कराने की पद्धति में परिवर्तन” करता है, जिससे मूल संरचना सिद्धांत का उल्लंघन नहीं होता।

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    कार्यस्थल पर महिलाओं की सुरक्षा

    संदर्भ

  • सरकार ने यह स्पष्ट किया है कि वह यौन उत्पीड़न अधिनियम (SH Act) के प्रभावी प्रवर्तन और प्रत्येक महिला को उत्पीड़न-मुक्त कार्य वातावरण प्रदान करने के लिए प्रतिबद्ध है।

    • कार्यस्थल पर महिलाओं का यौन उत्पीड़न  

  • उद्देश्य: महिलाओं को सुरक्षित और संरक्षित कार्य वातावरण प्रदान करना।
  • यौन उत्पीड़न की परिभाषा: इसमें शारीरिक संपर्क, यौन अनुग्रह की मांग, यौन प्रकृति की टिप्पणियाँ करना, अश्लील सामग्री दिखाना, तथा कोई भी अवांछित शारीरिक, मौखिक या गैर-मौखिक आचरण शामिल है।

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    News In Short 12-02-2026

    In News

  • Stanford researchers have produced the first global map of a rare type of earthquake that occurs not in the Earth’s crust but deep within the planet’s mantle

    • Continental mantle earthquakes 

  • Location: They occur worldwide but are regionally clustered, particularly beneath the Himalayas in southern Asia and the Bering Strait between Asia and North America. 
  • Depth: Most earthquakes occur in the Earth’s crust at depths of 10–29 km, but mantle earthquakes happen much deeper—over 80 km below the crust-mantle boundary, known as the Mohorovičić discontinuity (Moho), which separates the crust from the semi-solid mantle.

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    Democratising AI in India

    In News

  • Recently, it has been highlighted that the democratisation of AI requires fair access to computing resources, data, and AI models, which are crucial for innovation and competitiveness in the digital economy.

    • What is Democratisation of AI?

  • Democratisation of AI refers to making artificial intelligence accessible, affordable and usable for a wide and diverse set of users. It goes beyond access to finished applications. 
  • It includes access to the core building blocks of AI such as computing power, datasets and model ecosystems. 

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    Biosecurity Threat in India

    Context

  • In 2025, the Gujarat ATS uncovered an alleged ricin-based bioterror plot, marking India’s first suspected ricin-linked bioterror case with possible international links.

    • What are Biological Weapons?

  • Biological weapons use pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi) or toxins (like ricin, botulinum toxin) to cause disease or death in humans, animals, or crops.
  • They are classified as Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMDs) due to their potential for large-scale harm.

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