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सवेतन मासिक धर्म अवकाश महिलाओं के करियर को हानि पहुँचा सकता है: सर्वोच्च न्यायालय

संदर्भ

  • सर्वोच्च न्यायालय ने आशंका व्यक्त की कि मासिक धर्म के दौरान सवेतन अवकाश को अनिवार्य बनाने वाला कानून युवा महिलाओं के करियर को हानि पहुँचा सकता है और उन्हें समान अवसरों से वंचित कर सकता है।

    • मासिक धर्म अवकाश क्या है?

  • मासिक धर्म अवकाश से आशय उस सवेतन या अवैतनिक अवकाश से है जो महिलाओं को मासिक धर्म के दौरान स्वास्थ्य संबंधी समस्याओं के समय दिया जाता है, जैसे:
  • डिस्मेनोरिया (Dysmenorrhea): तीव्र मासिक धर्म पीड़ा
  • एंडोमेट्रियोसिस (Endometriosis): ऐसी स्थिति जिसमें गर्भाशय की परत जैसी ऊतक गर्भाशय के बाहर विकसित हो जाती है

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    भारत–कनाडा संबंध: एक नवीकृत साझेदारी

    Published on: 14 March, 2026

    कनाडा के प्रधानमंत्री की हालिया भारत यात्रा ने भारत–कनाडा द्विपक्षीय संबंधों में एक महत्वपूर्ण मोड़ को चिह्नित किया। इसने दोनों देशों के बीच विश्वास पुनर्स्थापना, आर्थिक संबंधों को सुदृढ़ करने और इंडो-पैसिफिक क्षेत्र में रणनीतिक हितों को संरेखित करने के व्यापक प्रयास को प्रतिबिंबित किया।

    News In Short 13-03-2026

    Context

  • The Vice President of India recently paid tribute to Mahatma Gandhi and the freedom fighters involved in the Dandi March (1930).

    • About Dandi March

  • The British colonial government had imposed a monopoly on the production and sale of salt and levied a salt tax, making even this basic necessity expensive for Indians.
  • In 1930, Gandhiji declared that he would lead a march to break the salt law as it was sinful to tax salt since it is such an essential item of food.  

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    Need for Thermal Independence For India

    Context

  • Escalating tensions in West Asia and disruptions around the Strait of Hormuz that have increased energy prices and reduced gas availability for Indian industries underscores the urgent need for thermal independence.

    • About Industrial / Thermal Heat

  • Industrial heat refers to thermal energy used in manufacturing processes, such as heating, drying, smelting, and chemical reactions.
  • For decades, this heat has been produced by burning fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas, and LPG.

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    Labour Codes and the Informality Challenge in India

    Context

  • The Economic Survey 2025-26 presents an optimistic assessment of India’s labour reforms and highlights the potential of the new labour codes to increase formalisation, employment generation and economic growth.

    • India’s Labour Codes

  • India has consolidated 29 labour laws into four comprehensive labour codes to simplify regulations and improve labour market efficiency.
  • The Code on Wages, 2019 aims to standardise wage regulation through the introduction of a National Floor Wage.
  • The Industrial Relations Code, 2020 regulates trade unions, industrial disputes, layoffs and retrenchment.

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    Doux Commerce and the Changing Nature of Global Trade

    Context

  • Looking at the flurry of tariffs, export controls, and “Buy National” mandates, it is clear that the era of “gentle trade” has expired.

    • Idea of Doux Commerce

  • The phrase doux commerce was popularised by Montesquieu, it means “gentle commerce.”
  • The theory suggested that trade softens human behaviour and reduces conflict.
  • If countries become economically interdependent, the cost of war becomes too high.

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    Atmanirbharta and Strategic Autonomy in an Era of Big-Power Rivalry

    Context

  • Recent geopolitical developments and the strategic use of trade, energy, finance and technology by major powers highlight the importance of self-reliance in critical sectors for safeguarding national security and foreign policy autonomy.

    • Historical Incidents of India’s External Dependencies

  • Food Dependence: In the 1960s, India relied heavily on food imports under the PL‑480 Food Aid Program of the United States. The droughts of 1965–67 exposed this vulnerability and highlighted the political risks of external dependence.
  • This led to the launch of the Green Revolution, enabling India to achieve food self-sufficiency.
  • Defence Equipment Dependence: The Sino‑Indian War revealed serious shortages in defence equipment. It prompted India to modernise its defence forces and diversify defence partnerships.

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    Women in Political Leadership

    Context

  • Recent data released during the 70th session of the Commission on the Status of Women (CSW70) highlights the persistent under-representation of women in political leadership worldwide.

    • Key Findings

  • It shows women hold just 22.4% of cabinet posts and 27.5% of parliamentary seats worldwide.
  • Only 28 countries are currently led by a woman, while 101 countries have never had a female head of state or government.
  • As of January 2026, 54 women serve as parliamentary speakers, representing 19.9% of all speakers, marking the first decline in 21 years.

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