नेचर क्लाइमेट चेंज में प्रकाशित एक हालिया अध्ययन से पता चला है कि उष्णकटिबंधीय क्षेत्रों में वनों की कटाई से उत्पन्न गर्मी के कारण 2001 से 2020 के बीच प्रत्येक वर्ष लगभग 28,000 अतिरिक्त गर्मी-संबंधी मृत्यु हुईं।
उष्णकटिबंधीय क्षेत्रों में वनों की कटाई
उष्णकटिबंधीय वन जैव विविधता से भरपूर पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र हैं जो मुख्य रूप से दक्षिण अमेरिका, अफ्रीका और एशिया में पाए जाते हैं।
महत्व: ये वन महत्वपूर्ण कार्बन सिंक के रूप में कार्य करते हैं, प्रकाश संश्लेषण के माध्यम से ग्रीनहाउस गैसों को अवशोषित करते हैं और जल चक्र को नियंत्रित करते हैं।
भारत के युवाओं को प्रायः राष्ट्र की सबसे बड़ी संपत्ति माना जाता है, लेकिन यह तथाकथित ‘जनसांख्यिकीय लाभांश’ यदि आवश्यक कौशल के बिना रह गया तो यह एक भार बन सकता है और यदि प्रणालीगत समस्याओं को दूर नहीं किया गया तो यह संकट में परिवर्तित हो सकता है।
A revised National Action Plan on Glanders was recently issued by the Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry & Dairying.
Glanders
It is an infectious and life-threatening disease that mainly affects horses, donkeys or mules caused by the bacterium Burkholderia mallei.
It can be transmitted to humans.
It spreads to carnivores through infected meat and can be transmitted to humans, causing various forms such as nasal, pulmonary, or septic infections.
It has been eradicated in North America, Australia, and Europe but still occurs sporadically in parts of Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and South America.
The Indian Armed Forces are moving steadily towards greater jointness, integration, and theaterisation.
Joint Military Doctrines released
Joint Doctrine for Special Forces Operations: Brings together Army’s Para (SF), Navy’s MARCOS, and IAF’s Garuds under a unified framework.
Seeks common understanding, shared terminology, and standard operating procedures.
Focus areas are joint training to reduce duplication, future weapon profiles for interoperability & unified Command & Control structures across land, maritime, and air.
Joint Doctrine for Airborne and Heliborne Operations: Aims for seamless coordination in para-drop and heli-lift missions.
The United Nations Secretary-General has praised a decision by the UN General Assembly to create two new institutional mechanisms to enhance global cooperation on AI governance.
About
These are the United Nations Independent International Scientific Panel on AI and the Global Dialogue on AI Governance.
The panels aim to address AI’s benefits and risks, fostering international collaboration and informed policymaking.
The United States has imposed 50% tariffs on a wide range of Indian merchandise exports starting August 27, 2025.
About
The move combines the 25% tariff announced in July 2025 and an additional 25% “penalty tariff” in August 2025 linked to India’s purchases of Russian oil and defence imports.
Key sectors affected include textiles, apparel, gems and jewellery, shrimp, carpets, leather, and furniture — all of which are labour-intensive and job-generating industries.
Major Goods Exempted from Tariffs: Pharmaceuticals, Electronics and Petroleum products.
Recently, the US decided to acquire about a 10% equity stake in Intel, using funds originally allocated under the CHIPS and Science Act of 2022.
Contemporary Global Relevance
China vs. US rivalry embodies the clash between state-led and free-market approaches.
India follows a hybrid approach: partial privatization, and strong state control in banking and infrastructure.
Many traditionally free-market economies adopted state-capitalist measures (subsidies, bailouts, industrial policies), blurring the boundary between the two models, in the wake of COVID-19.
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