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Monthly Archives: July 2025

RBI ने बैंकों, NBFC द्वारा AIF योजना के कोष के 20% तक निवेश की सीमा तय की

संदर्भ 

  • भारतीय रिज़र्व बैंक (RBI) ने वैकल्पिक निवेश कोष (AIF) योजनाओं में विनियमित संस्थाओं (RE) द्वारा निवेश की सीमा तय करने के लिए नए दिशानिर्देश जारी किए हैं।

    • वैकल्पिक निवेश कोष (AIF)

  • यह एक निजी तौर पर एकत्रित निवेश है जो निवेशकों से धन एकत्र करता है और उसे गैर-पारंपरिक परिसंपत्ति वर्गों में निवेश करता है।
  • ये फंड उच्च निवल संपत्ति वाले व्यक्तियों (HNI) के लिए आदर्श हैं क्योंकि उन्हें उच्च निवेश की आवश्यकता होती है।

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    क्या भारत न्यूनतम वेतन से आगे बढ़कर जीवन निर्वाह योग्य वेतन ढांचे की ओर बढ़ेगा?

    संदर्भ 

  • केंद्रीय श्रम एवं रोजगार मंत्रालय पारंपरिक “न्यूनतम वेतन” से हटकर एक अधिक व्यापक “जीवन-यापन वेतन” ढाँचे पर विचार कर रहा है, जिसमें आवश्यक सामाजिक व्यय शामिल होंगे।

    • जीवन-यापन वेतन बनाम न्यूनतम वेतन

  • न्यूनतम वेतन कानूनी रूप से अनिवार्य न्यूनतम राशि है जो नियोक्ता को किसी कर्मचारी को, जीवन-यापन की लागत की परवाह किए बिना, देनी होती है।
  • यह सामन्यतः श्रम उत्पादकता, व्यवसाय, उद्योग के प्रकार और कौशल स्तर जैसे कारकों पर आधारित होता है।

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    भारत में बाल तस्करी

    संदर्भ 

  • बाल तस्करी भारत में सबसे गंभीर मानवाधिकार उल्लंघनों में से एक है, और गरीबी, प्रवासन एवं छिद्रपूर्ण सीमाओं के साथ बिहार के निरंतर संघर्ष ने दुखद रूप से इसे एक हॉटस्पॉट बना दिया है।

    • मानव एवं बाल तस्करी की स्थिति

  • मानव तस्करी विश्व भर में सबसे बड़े संगठित अपराधों में से एक है।
  • राष्ट्रीय अपराध रिकॉर्ड ब्यूरो (एनसीआरबी) के 2022 के आंकड़ों के अनुसार:
    भारत में मानव तस्करी के 2,250 मामले दर्ज किए गए, जिनमें 6,036 पीड़ितों की पहचान की गई, जिनमें से 2,878 बच्चे थे, जिनमें 1,059 लड़कियाँ शामिल थीं।

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    Shall India Move Beyond Minimum Wage to Living Wage Framework?

    Context

  • The Union Ministry of Labour and Employment is considering a shift from the conventional “minimum wage” to a more comprehensive “living wage” framework, covering essential social expenditures.

    • Living Wage vs Minimum Wage

  • A minimum wage is the legally mandated lowest amount an employer must pay a worker, irrespective of the cost of living.
  • It is typically based on factors such as labor productivity, occupation, industry type, and skill level.
  • A living wage is the income necessary for a worker and their family to afford a basic but decent standard of living.
  • It is calculated based on essential expenses like food, housing, clothing, education, healthcare, transport, and a small margin for emergencies.

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    Girl Child Trafficking in India

    Context

  • Girl child trafficking remains one of the gravest human rights violations in India, and Bihar’s persistent struggle with poverty, migration, and porous borders has tragically made it a hotspot.

    • Bihar’s Trafficking Crisis

  • Bihar has become a trafficking hub due to poverty and social vulnerability, porous borders with Nepal, railway links to trafficking-prone States, and cultural exploitation (orchestra belt), especially in regions like Saran and Muzaffarpur.
  • Bihar Police rescued 271 girls, with 153 trafficked into orchestras and 118 into the flesh trade (June 2025).

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    News In Short 29-07-2025

    In Context

  • The Gavri is a 40-day annual ritual and folk festival performed by the Bhil community of the Mewar region in Rajasthan.

    • About the Gavri Festival

  • The festival is typically performed during the Hindu months of Shravana and Bhadrapad (July to September), coinciding with the monsoon and harvest season.
  • The ritual is performed mainly by male members of the Bhil tribe, who enact various roles including gods, goddesses, demons, and other mythological characters.
  • The play enacts mythological tales related to the goddess Gauri, battles between good and evil. 

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    Layoffs Across IT Services Industry

    Context

  • Recently, Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) has announced plans to lay off approximately 12,261 employees — about 2% of its global workforce – during FY2026.

    • Key Reasons Behind the Change

  • Cost Optimization: With global tech spending under pressure, companies are streamlining operations to reduce overhead.
  • Maintaining a large bench is expensive and inefficient in lean times.
  • Skill Mismatch & Redeployment Challenges: As delivery models shift toward AI, cloud, and cybersecurity, many employees — especially in mid and senior roles — struggle to transition into new tech-heavy positions.
  • AI & Automation Impact: While not the sole reason, AI is reshaping job roles. Entry-level tasks are increasingly automated, reducing the need for large bench pools.

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    India-Japan Officials Discussed Key Projects

    In News

  • Indian Foreign Secretary Vikram Misri met the Japanese Minister to discuss strengthening bilateral ties and key projects, including the Ahmedabad-Mumbai Shinkansen Bullet Train.

    • Historical 

  • India and Japan share a deep-rooted Special Strategic and Global Partnership, founded on spiritual, cultural, and civilizational ties. 
  • Historical connections include the Indian monk Bodhisena’s role in consecrating the Buddha statue at Japan’s Todaiji Temple in 752 AD .
  • Prominent Indians linked to Japan include Swami Vivekananda, Rabindranath Tagore, JRD Tata, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose, Rash Behari Bose, and Justice Radha Binod Pal.
  • Symbolic gestures such as Prime Minister Nehru’s elephant donation to Tokyo’s Ueno Zoo in 1949 reflect enduring friendship. 

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    Five years of National Education Policy

    In News

  • The National Education Policy 2020, marked the first comprehensive education policy completed five years since adoption.

    • Key Features of NEP 2020

  • Structural Reform: Shift from the 10+2 system to a 5+3+3+4 curricular structure—covering ages 3–18 across foundational, preparatory, middle, and secondary stages.
  • Foundational Literacy & Numeracy: Emphasis on basic reading and arithmetic skills through initiatives like NIPUN Bharat for all children by Grade 3.
  • Mother Tongue & Multilingualism: Promotes instruction in the mother tongue/regional language up to at least Grade 5 (preferably till Grade 8); advances the three-language formula.
  • Holistic & Multidisciplinary Education: Multiple entry/exit options in higher education; flexible subject choices across streams.

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