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Monthly Archives: July 2025

Environment Ministry Exempts 78% of Coal Plants From Installing FGD Systems

Context

  • The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) has exempted nearly 78% of India’s thermal power plants (TPPs) from installing Flue Gas Desulphurisation (FGD) systems.

    • What is Flue Gas Desulphurisation (FGD)?

  • FGD systems are technologies used in coal-based thermal power plants to remove SO₂ from exhaust flue gases before they are released into the atmosphere.
  • Mechanism: The most common FGD method involves using a wet scrubber that reacts with a limestone slurry to convert SO₂ into gypsum.
  • Purpose: Helps reduce acid rain, secondary particulate matter, and improves ambient air quality.

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    GST Reforms: Home Minister to open talks for Consensus on Rate Rationalisation

    Context

  • The Union Home Minister is set to lead consultations with states and key central ministries to push forward long-pending reforms to the Goods and Services Tax (GST) structure.

    • Rate Rationalisation

  • A key long-pending proposal is to eliminate the 12% slab to move toward a simplified three-rate structure.
  • The 12% slab currently includes items like packaged food (condensed milk, fruit juices), household goods (furniture, sewing machines), and medical supplies (diagnostic kits, bandages).

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    Green Revolution: Its Legacy and India’s Strategic Role in Agricultural R&D

    Context

  • India is facing both a responsibility and a historic opportunity — to repay the debt owed to regions that fueled India’s food security, and to reimagine agriculture for a sustainable future.

    • About the Green Revolution

  • The term ‘Green Revolution’ was coined by William S. Gaud, then Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), in 1968.
  • It turned a famine-prone nation into a food-secure one, ushering in self-sufficiency in grain production and empowering millions of farmers.
  • In India, the Green Revolution benefited Punjab, Haryana, and western Uttar Pradesh with its focus on high-yielding rice and wheat varieties, irrigation expansion, and intensive chemical input.

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    Who is Qualified as ‘Ordinarily Resident’?

    Context

  • The Election Commission’s Special Intensive Revision (SIR) of electoral rolls in Bihar has reignited debate over the eligibility of migrant workers as ‘ordinarily resident’ for voter registration.

    • Who is ‘ordinarily resident’?

  • The term “ordinarily resident” is defined and interpreted through the Representation of the People Act, 1950 (RP Act), under Section 19 and Section 20.
  • Section 19 of the RP Act requires that a person is ‘ordinarily resident’ in a constituency for inclusion in its electoral roll.
  • Section 20 provides the meaning of the term ‘ordinarily resident’.

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    UGC’s Anti-ragging System Has Utterly Failed: Delhi HC

    Context

  • The Delhi High Court has signalled that it may initiate a suo motu public interest litigation (PIL) petition to address the recent surge in ragging incidents and student deaths across higher educational institutions.

    • Supreme Court Observation in 2025

  • SC noted that UGC’s anti-ragging regulations remain mostly on paper.
  • Institutions only follow formalities — like affidavits and posters — without real action.
  • It directed the formation of a National Task Force on student mental health.

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    Centre Moves SC to Review Ruling on IPS Deputation in CAPFs

    Context

  • The Union Government has filed a review petition against the Supreme Court’s ruling directing a “progressive reduction” in the deputation of Indian Police Service (IPS) officers to the Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs).

    • Current Organisational Setup of CAPF

  • The CAPFs include the Border Security Force, Central Industrial Security Force, Central Reserve Police Force, Sashastra Seema Bal, and Indo-Tibetan Border Police. 
  • The Ministry of Home Affairs is the cadre-controlling authority for both IPS and CAPF officers.
  • The Centre had mentioned that the deputation of IPS officers was necessary to maintain the operational readiness of the forces and to ensure Centre-State coordination.
  • Reserved Seats: At present, 20% of Deputy Inspector General (DIG) posts and 50% of Inspector General (IG) posts in CAPFs are reserved for IPS officers.

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    Mapping the Application of Artificial Intelligence in Traditional Medicine

    In Context

  • India, with its rich Ayush systems (Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani, Sowa Rigpa, and Homoeopathy), has recently been recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) for pioneering the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into these systems.

    • Role of AI in Traditional Medicine

  • Enhancing Diagnostics: AI-powered systems combine traditional diagnostic methods (pulse reading, tongue analysis, Prakriti assessment) with machine learning and deep neural networks, improving accuracy and enabling personalized care.
  • Ayurgenomics: AI merges genomic data with Ayurvedic principles to identify disease risk markers and tailor health recommendations, advancing personalized medicine.
  • Drug Discovery & Validation: AI analyzes the molecular basis of herbal formulations, supports drug repurposing, and aids in comparative studies across traditional systems.
  • Knowledge Preservation: AI tools facilitate the cataloguing and semantic analysis of ancient texts, making therapeutic knowledge more accessible and protecting against biopiracy.

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    संक्षिप्त समाचार 14-07-2025

    संदर्भ 

  • भारत के राष्ट्रपति ने राज्यसभा के लिए चार नए व्यक्तियों को नामित सदस्य के रूप में नियुक्त किया है।

    • राज्यसभा में नामांकन के बारे में

  • संविधान का अनुच्छेद 80: राज्यसभा में अधिकतम 250 सदस्यों में से 12 सदस्य राष्ट्रपति द्वारा नामित किए जाते हैं।
  • नामित सदस्य वे होते हैं जिनके पास साहित्य, विज्ञान, कला और समाज सेवा जैसे क्षेत्रों में विशेष ज्ञान या व्यावहारिक अनुभव होता है।

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    पर्यावरण मंत्रालय द्वारा 78% कोयला संयंत्रों को FGD सिस्टम लगाने से छूट

    संदर्भ 

  • पर्यावरण, वन और जलवायु परिवर्तन मंत्रालय (MoEFCC) ने भारत के लगभग 78% ताप विद्युत संयंत्रों (TPPs) को फ्लू गैस डी-सल्फराइजेशन (FGD) प्रणाली स्थापित करने से छूट दे दी है।

    • फ्लू गैस डी-सल्फराइजेशन (FGD) क्या है?

  • FGD प्रणाली कोयला आधारित ताप विद्युत संयंत्रों में निकास गैसों से SO₂ हटाने के लिए उपयोग की जाती है।
  • प्रक्रिया: सबसे सामान्य विधि में वेट स्क्रबर का उपयोग होता है, जो चूना पत्थर के घोल से SO₂ को जिप्सम में परिवर्तित करता है। 

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