The Ministry of Defence recently notified the Inter-Services Organisations (Command, Control & Discipline) Rules, 2025, under the Inter-Services Organisations (ISO) Act, 2023.
Background
The ISO Act, 2023 was enacted to enable smoother functioning of joint defence structures like Joint Commands and Inter-Service Establishments.
The newly notified rules, effective from May 27, 2025, operationalise the Act by specifying how command and disciplinary powers will be exercised within Inter-Service Organisations.
The position of the Deputy Speaker has been lying vacant for the last six years raising questions on constitutional adherence and democratic resilience.
Deputy Speaker of Lok Sabha
The Deputy Speaker serves as the Second-in-Command Presiding Officer of the Lower House of Parliament of India – the Lok Sabha.
According to Article 95(1), the Deputy Speaker performs the duties of the Speaker if the post is vacant.
The Deputy Speaker acts as the Speaker when the latter is absent from the sitting of the House.
The Deputy Speaker presides over joint sittings of both Houses of Parliament in case the Speaker is absent from such a sitting.
The current education system needs to integrate experiential learning.
About
The Nature of Learning and the Changing Landscape: Humans are inherently learning beings, and today’s digital world has transformed access to information.
With AI and bots capable of teaching concepts, traditional schools are at risk of becoming obsolete if their role is limited to content delivery.
The latest Household Consumption Expenditure Surveys by the NSO for 2022–23 and 2023–24 show a sharp decline in poverty and a modest reduction in inequality in India.
What is Poverty?
Poverty refers to a condition where individuals are unable to meet their basic needs. Its definition and measurement vary across countries.
In India, poverty is assessed by the number of people living below the Poverty Line, which represents a threshold income level.
Households with consumption below this level are considered poor.
The poverty line represents the minimum income level necessary to meet basic needs, and varies across countries depending on their overall economic conditions.
The 2025 Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics was jointly awarded to four experimental collaborations operating at CERN's Large Hadron Collider (LHC)—ATLAS, CMS, ALICE and LHCb.
What are the Breakthrough Prizes?
The Breakthrough Prizes were founded by Sergey Brin, Priscilla Chan and Mark Zuckerberg, Yuri and Julia Milner, and Anne Wojcicki.
The Prizes often referred to as the “Oscars of Science,” honour pioneering achievements in Life Sciences, Fundamental Physics, and Mathematics.
Aim: Celebrate scientists as societal heroes, inspire the youth towards science, and promote “science for the benefit of all.”
Hyderabad teenager Vishwanath Karthikey Padakanti has become the youngest Indian and the second youngest person in the world to complete the legendary 7 Summits challenge.
About
The Seven Summits are defined as the highest peaks on each of the seven continents; it ranks among the most prestigious in global mountaineering.
The seven mountain peaks are Mt. Everest (Asia), Mt. Kilimanjaro (Africa), Mt. Elbrus (Europe), Mt. Aconcagua (South America), Mount Kosciuszko (Australia), Mt.Vinson (Antarctica) and Mt. Denali (North America).
Some people define ‘continent’ differently leading to an alternate ‘seventh summit’ i.e. Australia: Mount Kosciuszko or Australasia: Carstensz Pyramid.
Mount Everest in Asia is the tallest of the seven, while Mount Kosciuszko in Australia is the shortest.
