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Daily Current Affairs – 23 September, 2026

    Partners for Multilateralism (P4M)

    Context

  • The Partners for Multilateralism (P4M) initiative was launched on the margins of the 81st UN General Assembly, with Australia, Barbados, Brazil, Canada, the European Union, India and Kenya as initial co-sponsors.

    • What is Partners for Multilateralism (P4M)?

  • Partners for Multilateralism is an open and flexible platform intended to bring together countries from different regions and political traditions that support international law, multilateral cooperation, peace and inclusive prosperity.
  • Its central proposition is that global challenges such as conflicts, climate change, pandemics, artificial intelligence, economic insecurity and supply-chain disruptions cannot be effectively addressed by individual countries acting alone.
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    Progressing Towards Universal Health Coverage

    Context

  • Eight years ago, Ayushman Bharat was rolled out with the idea that every Indian should have access to top-quality and affordable healthcare.

    • About

  • The Government launched the Ayushman Bharat Pradhan-Mantri Jan Aarogya Yojana (AB PM-JAY) in 2018.
  • Aim: To achieve universal health coverage.
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    India Inc’s R&D Challenge: From Economic Liberalisation to Global Competitiveness

    Context

  • Recent corporate R&D data shows that Indian companies are increasing their spend on innovation, but the quantum of investment is still not enough to match global competitors and develop sustainable technological competitiveness.

    • India’s Current State of R&D Growth

  • R&D has increased substantially at the corporate level, with R&D spending rising from around 150 in FY99 to 471 in FY26.
  • Total R&D spending rose from ₹957.8 crore in FY99 to ₹63,529.2 crore in FY26, recording a 16.8% CAGR, faster than the 12.9% CAGR in net sales.
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    Women’s Growing Role in Agriculture

    Context

  • Maharashtra passed the Women Farmers’ Empowerment Bill in July 2026, providing women with independent recognition as farmers irrespective of land ownership through a Woman Farmer Certificate.

    • Women’s Growing Role in Agriculture

  • Women plays a major role in Indian agriculture, but their contribution is often treated as an extension of household work rather than as independent economic activity.
  • According to recent PLFS-based estimates cited in the debate, agriculture employed around 110 million women and 127 million men in 2025, indicating near gender parity in agricultural employment.
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    News In Short 23-09-2026

    Context

  • The Supreme Court observed that the government can determine the scope and length of the National Song, but it cannot violate religious freedom or impose penal consequences on conscientious objectors who decline to sing it.

    • Constitutional and Legal Status

  • The Constituent Assembly recognised Vande Mataram the status of the national song, with equal honour to the national anthem, but not identical legal treatment.
  • Prevention of Insults to National Honour (Amendment) Act, 2026: It seeks to amend the Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act, 1971.
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