UPSC Daily Current Affairs for 09 June 2026

India’s New Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT) Model

Context

The Government of India is revising its 2016 Model Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT) to make it more investor-friendly while safeguarding India's regulatory sovereignty and legal system.

What is a Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT)?

A Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT) is an agreement between two countries that promotes and protects investments made by investors of one country in the other.

It provides legal safeguards such as protection against expropriation, fair treatment, and dispute resolution mechanisms.

Inclusive Transformation of Vulnerable Sections in India

Context

Over the last decade, India has witnessed an inclusive transformation through welfare expansion, and social protection, significantly reducing deprivation and improving the quality of life of vulnerable sections.

What is Inclusive Transformation?

Inclusive Transformation refers to a development process that ensures the benefits of economic growth, social progress, and public policies reach all sections of society, particularly the poor, marginalized, and vulnerable groups.

It seeks to improve not only income levels but also access to basic services, opportunities, and human capabilities, thereby reducing social and economic inequalities.

SIPRI Yearbook 2026

Context

According to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) Yearbook 2026, India is estimated to have modestly expanded its nuclear arsenal in 2025.

Major Highlights

Growing Dependence on Nuclear Weapons: Nuclear-armed states are placing greater emphasis on nuclear deterrence in their security strategies.

This marks a reversal of decades-long efforts to reduce the role and number of nuclear weapons.

Amplifying’ Random Numbers Brings a Breakthrough in Digital Security

Context

Researchers at ETH Zürich have experimentally demonstrated device-independent randomness amplification, converting weakly random data into certifiably perfect randomness using quantum entanglement.

What is Randomness in Digital Security?

Modern digital security relies on cryptographic keys, which are generated using random numbers.

If random numbers contain patterns or biases, attackers may predict keys and compromise encryption.

True randomnessis difficult to achieve because practical random number generators often contain small biases due to noise, heat, or hardware imperfections.

News In Short 09-06-2026

Context

June is observed globally as Pride Month to celebrate the LGBTQ+ community and raise awareness about issues of equality, inclusion, and human rights.

About LGBTQ+ Community

LGBTQ+ is an umbrella term for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer persons, with ‘+’ representing other identities that are not specifically included in these letters.

Notably, LGBTQ+ persons do not conform with traditional gender roles and expectations, display sex characteristics that do not fit the typical male or female binary, and their gender identities that differ from the sex they were assigned at birth.