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Success of National Health Mission (NHM)

Last updated on March 5th, 2025 Posted on March 5, 2025 by NEXT IAS Current Affairs Team  237

Syllabus :GS 2/Health 

Context 

  • The Union Health Minister recently chaired the ninth meeting of the Mission Steering Group (MSG) of the National Health Mission (NHM).
Do you know?
– The Mission Steering Group is the highest policy-making and steering institution under the NHM, providing broad policy direction and governance for the health sector. 
– The MSG plays a critical role in shaping policies and strategies that drive the nation’s healthcare initiatives. It is fully empowered to approve financial norms for all schemes and components.

National Health Mission (NHM)

  • The National Rural Health Mission (NRHM)  was launched  in April 2005 to provide accessible, affordable, and quality health services to the poorest households in remote rural areas. 
  • In  May 2013, the National Health Mission (NHM) was approved by the Cabinet, incorporating the National Urban Health Mission (NUHM) as a sub-mission alongside NRHM.

Achievements under NHM

  • India achieved the National Health Policy target of Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) 100 deaths per 1 lakh live births, with an 83% decline in MMR from 1990 to 2020, surpassing the global decline rate.
  • India saw a 69% reduction in Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) and a 75% decline in Under-5 Mortality Rate, both outperforming the global averages.
  • Total Fertility Rate (TFR) decreased from 3.4 in 1992-93 to 2.0 in 2019-21.
  • Out-of-pocket expenditure decreased from 69.4% in 2004-05 to 39.4% in 2021-22, while government health expenditure increased from 22.5% to 48%.
  • The number of healthy human resources under NHM increased from 23,000 in 2006-07 to 5.23 lakh in 2023-24.
Health Achievements
– WHO certification: India eliminated maternal and neonatal tetanus in 2015 and Trachoma as a public health problem in 2024.
– Ayushman Arogya Mandirs: Over 1.76 lakh Ayushman Arogya Mandirs are operational, with increased footfall and wellness sessions.
– Screening and Teleconsultations: Non-communicable diseases (NCD) screenings grew from 10.94 crore in 2019-20 to 109.55 crore in 2023-24.
1. Teleconsultations increased from 0.26 crore in 2019-20 to 11.83 crore in 2023-24.
– Tuberculosis (TB): The National TB Elimination Program saw an 18% reduction in TB incidence and a 21% decrease in mortality.
– National Dialysis Program: Covered all states/UTs, providing services to 26.97 lakh patients across 748 districts.
– Sickle Cell Anaemia: Over 5 crore people screened, 1.84 lakh diagnosed, and 2.24 crore sickle cell cards distributed.
– Malaria and Kala-azar: India achieved a 79.3% reduction in malaria cases and a 85.2% reduction in malaria deaths. The Kala-azar elimination target was met in 2023.

Source: PIB

 
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