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मैंग्रोव की कोशिकाएं पौधों को लवणीय जल में तनाव सहन करने में सहायक 

संदर्भ 

  • करंट बायोलॉजी में प्रकाशित एक नए अध्ययन ने उन कोशिकीय अनुकूलनों की व्याख्या की है जो मैंग्रोव प्रजातियों को अत्यधिक लवणीय तनाव सहन करने में सक्षम बनाते हैं।

    • विशेषताएँ 

  • मुख्य कोशिकीय लक्षण (स्टोमाटा-आधारित नहीं): मैंग्रोव प्रकाश संश्लेषण बढ़ाने के लिए छोटे या अधिक संख्या वाले स्टोमाटा पर निर्भर नहीं होते।
  • नमक बहिष्करण : कुछ मैंग्रोव में मोमी जड़ परतें होती हैं जो जल पौधे में प्रवेश करने से पहले नमक को छान देती हैं।

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    मुख्य सूचना आयुक्त के पद पर नियुक्ति

    संदर्भ

  • भारत के राष्ट्रपति ने राज कुमार गोयल को केंद्रीय सूचना आयोग के मुख्य सूचना आयुक्त के रूप में पद की शपथ दिलाई।

    • केंद्रीय सूचना आयोग

  • केंद्रीय सूचना आयोग (CIC) भारत में एक वैधानिक निकाय है, जिसे सूचना का अधिकार अधिनियम, 2005 के प्रावधानों के अंतर्गत स्थापित किया गया है।
  • केंद्रीय सूचना आयोग में एक मुख्य सूचना आयुक्त (CIC) और अधिकतम दस सूचना आयुक्त (IC) होते हैं।

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    News In Short 15-12-2025

    Context

  • Prime Minister Narendra Modi paid tributes to Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, the Iron Man of India, on his 75th death anniversary (15 December 1950).

    • About

  • Born on October 31, 1875, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel served as independent India’s first Deputy Prime Minister and Home Minister. 
  • He is widely regarded as the architect of India’s national integration and a key force behind the establishment of modern civil services, including the Indian Administrative Service (IAS).
  • He headed various Constitutional Committees, such as Advisory Committee on Fundamental Rights, Committee on Minorities and Tribal and Excluded Areas, Provincial Constitution Committee.

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    Push for Public Sector Bank Reforms

    Context

  • The Union Budget 2026–27 is expected to unveil a policy direction on the next phase of public sector bank (PSB) reforms based on two parallel tracks—Consolidation 2.0 and calibrated dilution of government ownership.

    • What are the Reforms?

  • Consolidation 2.0: The government is considering merging the five smallest PSBs with mid-sized banks with objectives to;
  • To create banks with sufficient scale, balance sheet strength, and market presence.
  • To reduce fragmentation in the PSB landscape.

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    ICMR Adopts Demow Model for National Snakebite Prevention

    Context

  • The Demow Model from eastern Assam’s Sivasagar has been chosen as one of the successful systems of snakebite prevention and management under a project sanctioned by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR).
  • The project, called the Zero Snakebite Death Initiative: Community Empowerment and Engagement for Mitigation of Snakebite Envenoming.

    • Snakebite Envenoming

  • The snakebite envenoming (poisoning from snake bites) was classified by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as a high-priority neglected tropical disease.
  • An estimated 1.8 – 2.7 million people worldwide are envenomed annually. 
  • Snake Bites in India: In India, around 90% of snake bites are caused by the ‘big four’ among the crawlers – common krait, Indian cobra, Russell’s viper and saw scaled viper.

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    Viksit Bharat Shiksha Adhikshan Bill

    Context

  • The Union Cabinet has approved the Viksit Bharat Shiksha Adhikshan Bill.

    • About

  • The bill proposes a unified regulator for higher education, replacing existing statutory bodies such as the University Grants Commission (UGC), the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) and the National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE).
  • UGC oversees non-technical higher education, the AICTE oversees technical education and the NCTE is the regulatory body for teachers’ education.

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    Govt Strengthens Framework Against Fake News

    Context

  • The Information and Broadcasting Minister said that the government has strengthened the framework to combat fake news and deep fakes across media platforms.

    • About

  • Fake news is known as information that is false or misleading and presented as news. 
  • Deep Fakes are digital media — video, audio, and images, edited and manipulated using Artificial Intelligence (AI).
  • They incorporate hyper-realistic digital falsification and can be used to damage reputations, fabricate evidence, and undermine trust in democratic institutions. 

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    Amendment of Insurance Laws Bill, 2025

    Context

  • The Union Cabinet approved the Sabka Bima Sabki Raksha (Amendment of Insurance Laws) Bill, 2025.

    • About

  • The Bill seeks to revamp India’s insurance framework, proposing changes to the: Insurance Act, 1938, the Life Insurance Corporation Act, 1956, and the IRDAI Act, 1999.
  • Aim: Modernisation, wider coverage and stronger regulatory oversight.

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    Courts Must Protect, Not Regulate Free Speech

    Published on: 15th December, 2025

    Recent observations by the Supreme Court in Ranveer Allahbadia vs Union of India (2025), where the Court suggested the creation of new regulatory mechanisms for online content, have revived a critical constitutional debate: Should courts merely protect free speech, or can they legitimately shape its regulation?”

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