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Yearly Archives: 2025

News In Short-31-05-2025

In News

  • As per the Integrated Disease Surveillance Program (IDSP), zoonotic outbreaks significantly increased over the years, particularly post-pandemic.

    • Key Findings of the Study

  • Prevalence of Zoonotic Outbreaks: Over 8% (583 out of 6,948) of the reported outbreaks were zoonotic (spread from animals to humans). 
  • Peak Seasonality: Zoonotic outbreaks consistently peaked during the months of June, July, and August.
  • Leading Zoonotic Diseases: Japanese encephalitis accounted for the largest share (29.5%) then Leptospirosis (18.7%) & scrub typhus (13.9%).
  • Geographical Distribution: The Northeast part of India contributed the highest proportion (35.8%) of zoonotic disease outbreaks followed by the southern region (31.7%) & western region (15.4%).

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    South Asia’s ‘largest’ Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) Inaugurated

    In News

  • The Delhi Power Minister  inaugurated a 20-MW Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) at Kilokari, South Delhi .

    • Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS)

  • Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) are large-scale batteries used to store energy from renewable sources like solar and wind for later use. 
  • They vary in size, design, and technology, and play a crucial role in making green energy more reliable and flexible. 
  • They can also feed excess power back to the main grid. 
  • There are three main types: Pre-packaged battery modules (just batteries), pre-packaged systems (batteries plus components like chargers or inverters), and custom-made battery banks (individual batteries assembled with additional components).

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    India will have 1 Billion Internet Users by this Fiscal Year

    Context

  • The Minister of Communications announced at the India Mobile Congress (IMC) 2025 that India’s Internet user base is set to touch 1 billion by the end of FY26.

    • Challenges

  • Last-Mile Connectivity: Difficult terrain, low affordability, and lack of digital skills still limit access in remote areas.
  • Data Privacy and Cybersecurity: India needs stronger laws and greater public awareness to protect user data.
  • Quality of Service: Internet speed and reliability remain uneven despite wide network coverage.
  • Skilling: Increased digital access must be supported by basic digital literacy and training programs.

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    Government Achieves Fiscal Deficit Target of 4.8% for FY25

    Context

  • The Government of India has successfully met its fiscal deficit target of 4.8% of GDP for the financial year 2024-25, as per provisional data released by the Controller General of Accounts (CGA).

    • What is the fiscal deficit?

  • Fiscal Deficit is defined as excess of total budget expenditure (revenue and capital) over total budget receipts (revenue and capital) excluding borrowings during a fiscal year.
  • Fiscal Deficit = Total Expenditure – (Revenue Receipts + Non-Debt Creating Capital Receipts).

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    India and  New Zealand: Strengthening Defence and Security Ties

    Context

  • Recently, New Zealand’s Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs visited India and emphasized India’s role as a ‘geopolitical giant’ and an ‘indispensable security actor’. 

    • About India-New Zealand Relations

  • India and New Zealand established their diplomatic relations in 1952. Both countries are members of the Commonwealth, sharing democratic values and governance principles.
  • They collaborate on regional and global security issues, particularly in the Indo-Pacific. They emphasize freedom of navigation, maritime security, and counterterrorism efforts.
  • New Zealand identified India as a priority country in its ‘Opening Doors to India’ policy notified in October 2011, which was reiterated in 2015.

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    Push for Russia-India-China Revival

    In News

  • Russia is actively pushing for the revival of the Russia-India-China (RIC) trilateral format, a strategic dialogue that has been largely dormant for nearly five years.

    • What is the RIC format?

  • Initiated in the late 1990s by former Russian Prime Minister Yevgeny Primakov, the RIC format was conceived as a strategic counterweight to Western dominance.
  • It facilitated over 20 ministerial-level meetings, promoting cooperation in foreign policy, economics, and security.
  • The format lost momentum following the 2020 Galwan Valley incident, which significantly strained India-China relations.

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    Bonded Labourer in India

    In Context

  • The recent death of nine-year-old Venkatesh, taken as ‘collateral’ for his mother’s unpaid debt vividly illustrates the harsh realities and enduring challenges of bonded labor in India, despite its legal prohibition.

    • Current Landscape and Statistics

  • Prevalence: As of 2021, an estimated 11 million people in India were living in modern slavery, the highest number globally.
  • Rescue and Rehabilitation Efforts: Between April 2024 and January 2025, approximately 250 bonded labourers were rescued in India. However, in the fiscal year 2023-24, only 468 bonded labourers were rehabilitated against an annual target of 1.3 million, highlighting significant gaps in implementation.
  • Dominant Social Groups Affected: Studies consistently show that over 80% of bonded laborers are from historically marginalized Scheduled Caste (SC), Scheduled Tribe (ST), and Other Backward Class (OBC) communities, underscoring the deep-rooted social discrimination.
  • Dominant Social Groups Affected: Studies consistently show that over 80% of bonded laborers are from historically marginalized Scheduled Caste (SC), Scheduled Tribe (ST), and Other Backward Class (OBC) communities, underscoring the deep-rooted social discrimination.

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    संक्षिप्त समाचार 31-05-2025

    संदर्भ 

  • एकीकृत रोग निगरानी कार्यक्रम (IDSP) के अनुसार, ज़ूनोटिक (पशुओं से मनुष्यों में फैलने वाले) प्रकोपों में वर्षों के दौरान उल्लेखनीय वृद्धि हुई है, विशेष रूप से महामारी के पश्चात्।

    • अध्ययन के प्रमुख निष्कर्ष

  • ज़ूनोटिक प्रकोपों की व्यापकता: रिपोर्ट किए गए 6,948 प्रकोपों में से 583 (~8%) ज़ूनोटिक थे।
  • उच्चतम मौसमी प्रसार: जून, जुलाई और अगस्त में ज़ूनोटिक प्रकोपों का चरम देखा गया।

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