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News In Short-27-05-2025

In News

  • The artists of Gond art and Madhubani art met President Droupadi Murmu at Rashtrapati Bhavan as part of the Artists in Residence programme- Kala Utsav. 

    • Madhubani Paintings

  • They originated in the Madhubani district of Bihar’s Mithila region. 
  • They are known for their intricate line drawings filled with bright, earthy colors and tribal motifs. 
  • They were traditionally created by women on mud walls of bridal chambers.
  • They featured themes from Hindu mythology and local beliefs, symbolizing marriage and fertility. 

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    Mendel’s Work with Laws of Inheritance

    Context

  • A global team mapped pea genomic diversity, advancing breeding research, revisiting Mendel’s traits, and boosting sustainable agriculture.

    • Significance of the Study

  • The expanded gene bank and genomic resources now available to researchers and breeders worldwide have the potential to transform pea breeding and advance research into this environmentally vital legume.
  • The study comes at a time when peas and other legumes are being called upon as a source of plant protein, and as sustainable crops which can fix their own nitrogen. 
  • It will pave the way for more predictive breeding – such as using AI models which can select combinations of genes to deliver better yielding, disease resistant, agronomically viable pea plants.

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    Coal Sector in India: A Strategic Engine for Sustainable Growth and Global Leadership

    Context

  • Coal has long been the backbone of India’s energy sector, fueling industries, power plants, and economic growth. However, the global shift towards sustainability has necessitated a transformation in how coal is utilized.

    • Future Vision: Viksit Bharat 2047

  • From 1.10 MWh per capita electricity consumption today to matching or exceeding global averages.
  • India’s journey to a $5 trillion economy by 2030 and $35 trillion by 2047 depends on reliable energy access.
  • Coal will remain pivotal, complemented by renewables.

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    NITI Aayog Releases Report on “Designing a Policy for Medium Enterprises”

    In Context

  • The MSME sector is a cornerstone of India’s economy, contributing nearly 29% to GDP, 40% to exports, and employing over 60% of the workforce. However, it’s overwhelmingly skewed in favour of micro enterprises:

    • Challenges Faced by Medium Enterprises

  • Access to Finance is Limited: Only 37% of medium enterprises can access formal loans. Collateral-heavy procedures, poor risk assessment, and lack of dedicated credit lines are barriers.
  • Technology Gap: A whopping 82% of Medium Enterprises don’t use advanced tech like AI, IoT, or digital automation — hindering their productivity and global competitiveness.
  • Skill Mismatch: About 88% of medium enterprises don’t benefit from any government skill or training program. Training modules are either outdated or inaccessible.
  • Low Scheme Awareness: Over 90% are unaware of key government portals or schemes like RAMP, ZED, or GeM. Even when aware, bureaucratic complexity hampers usage.

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    Microfinance Loan Delinquencies Jump 163% in FY2025

    Context

  • India’s microfinance sector has witnessed a 163% surge to Rs 43,075 crore in loan delinquencies in FY2025.

    • What is Microfinance?

  • Microfinance refers to financial services offered to low-income individuals or groups who are typically excluded from traditional banking. 
  • It includes microloans, savings, insurance, and remittance services, mostly extended by NBFC-MFIs, Small Finance Banks (SFBs), and banks.
  • Reserve Bank of India (RBI) defines a microfinance loan as a collateral-free loan provided to a household with an annual income up to ₹3,00,000.

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    Supreme Court Needs to Change from Being a Chief Justice-Centric Court

    Context

  • Former Supreme Court Judge, Justice A.S. Oka, emphasized in a more democratic and institutionalised manner rather than being heavily centered around the Chief Justice of India (CJI).

    • Challenges emerging from this structure

  • In 2018, a public roster system was introduced by the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, to improve transparency in the allocation of sensitive cases to judges.
  • CJI’s Office Under RTI (2019): In Subhash Chandra Agarwal v. Supreme Court, a Constitution Bench held that the office of the CJI falls under the purview of the Right to Information Act — a landmark step for judicial transparency.
  • The Supreme Court uploaded details of the appointment process for judges to High Courts and the apex court, enhancing public understanding of judicial selections.

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    संक्षिप्त समाचार 27-05-2025

    संदर्भ 

  • गोंड कला और मधुबनी कला के कलाकारों ने राष्ट्रपति द्रौपदी मुर्मू से राष्ट्रपति भवन में आर्टिस्ट इन रेजिडेंस  कार्यक्रम—कला उत्सव के अंतर्गत मुलाकात की।

    • मधुबनी चित्रकला

  • यह बिहार के मिथिला क्षेत्र के मधुबनी जिले में उत्पन्न हुई।
  • इसे जटिल रेखांकन और चमकीले, मिट्टी से जुड़े रंगों और आदिवासी आकृतियों के लिए जाना जाता है। पारंपरिक रूप से महिलाएँ इसे दुल्हन के कक्षों की मिट्टी की दीवारों पर बनाती थीं।

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    वंशानुक्रम के नियमों के साथ मेंडल का कार्य

    संदर्भ 

  • एक वैश्विक शोध दल ने मटर के जीनोमिक विविधता को मैप किया, जिससे नस्ल सुधार अनुसंधान को बढ़ावा मिला, मेंडल के लक्षणों का पुनः परीक्षण हुआ, और सतत कृषि को मजबूती मिली।

    • परिचय

  • यह शोध जर्नल ‘Nature’ में प्रकाशित हुआ है और इसका नेतृत्व जॉन इनेस सेंटर (JIC) तथा चीनी कृषि विज्ञान अकादमी (CAAS) ने किया है।
  • इसमें चीन, ब्रिटेन, अमेरिका और फ्रांस के अन्य शोध समूह भी शामिल हैं।

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    भारत में कोयला क्षेत्र: सतत विकास और वैश्विक नेतृत्व के लिए एक रणनीतिक इंजन

    संदर्भ 

  • भारत का कोयला क्षेत्र लंबे समय से ऊर्जा क्षेत्र का आधार रहा है, जो उद्योगों, बिजली संयंत्रों, और आर्थिक विकास को गति देता है। हालाँकि, वैश्विक स्थिरता की ओर बढ़ते रुझान ने कोयले के उपयोग में बदलाव की आवश्यकता को उत्पन्न किया है।

    • भारत के कोयला क्षेत्र की संक्षिप्त जानकारी

  • भारत कोयला भंडार के मामले में 5वें स्थान पर और खपत में 2वें स्थान पर है।
    प्रति व्यक्ति कोयला ऊर्जा खपत अभी भी चीन, अमेरिका, या OECD देशों की तुलना में कम है।
  • कोयले की स्थापित क्षमता की हिस्सेदारी 2014–15 में 60% से घटकर आज 47% रह गई है।
    FY25 में कोयले का उत्पादन और डिस्पैच 1 अरब टन का आँकड़ा पार कर चुका है।

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