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Daily Current Affairs – 9 July, 2025

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DCA 9 July 2025

    India and Brazil Held Bilateral Talks

    Context

  • Prime Minister Modi and Brazilian President held bilateral talks in Brasilia a day after the BRICS summit.

    • Relevance of India–Brazil Cooperation in a Changing World

  • UNSC Reform: India and Brazil advocate expansion in both permanent and non-permanent categories, reflecting the aspirations of underrepresented regions.
  • Global South Voice: Both champion reforms in international institutions (UN, IMF, World Bank) to reflect contemporary realities and the needs of developing countries.
  • Bioenergy and Global Biofuels Alliance: As founding members, both countries offer scalable biofuel solutions for climate change mitigation.
  • COP30 and TFFF (Tropical Forests Forever Fund): India supports Brazil’s climate leadership at COP30, emphasizing forest preservation and climate finance.
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    Parakh Rashtriya Sarvekshan 2024

    Context

  • Recently, the Performance Assessment, Review, and Analysis of Knowledge for Holistic Development Rashtriya Sarvekshan (PARAKH RS), formerly known as the National Achievement Survey (NAS), released its 2025 findings.

    • Concerns Arising from the Survey

  • Declining Competency with Advancing Grades: There is a notable drop in learning outcomes from Grade 3 to Grade 9, especially in conceptual understanding and application.
  • Urban-Rural and Regional Inequities: Northeastern states like Meghalaya and Arunachal Pradesh continue to lag in foundational literacy and numeracy skills.
  • Public School Challenges: Government-aided and state schools underperform in mathematics and sciences, particularly in middle and high school levels.
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    Jal Jeevan Mission 

    Context

  • The Jammu & Kashmir Assembly’s House Committee is currently probing allegations of irregularities in the implementation of the Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) in the region.

    • Way Forward

  • Independent Social Audits: Engage NGOs, civil society, and citizen groups for real-time audits and grievance redress.
  • Real-time Monitoring Dashboards: Enhance public access to performance data at the panchayat and block level.
  • Strengthening Gram Panchayats: Provide technical and financial training to local bodies to manage and maintain infrastructure.
  • Expand low-cost water testing facilities to detect contamination early.
    • Read More

    Delhi’s Fuel Ban for Old Vehicles

    Context

  • Citing “technological” and “cross-border fuelling” concerns, the Commission for Air Quality Management (CAQM) deferred the ban on fuel to end-of-life vehicles in Delhi to November 1.

    • About

  • In 2015, the National Green Tribunal (NGT) directed that All diesel vehicles (heavy or light) which are more than 10 years old will not be permitted on the roads of Delhi NCR.
  • Also, Petrol vehicles which are more than 15 years old and diesel vehicles that are more than 10 years old shall not be registered in the NCR, Delhi.
  • The NGT’s directive was upheld and reinforced by the Supreme Court in 2018. It said that vehicles violating the order should be impounded.
  • Most recently, the Environment Protection (End-of-Life Vehicles) Rules, 2025, effective April 1, made scrapping mandatory within 180 days of the expiry of the vehicle’s registration.
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    Reforming the UNFCCC Process

    Context

  • As the world grapples with intensifying climate crises, the credibility and effectiveness of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) process have come under scrutiny.

    • About the UNFCCC

  • It is the foundational international treaty that guides global efforts to combat climate change. 
  • It was adopted in 1992 at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, it has since become the bedrock of climate diplomacy, shaping agreements like the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement.
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    News In Short-09-07-2025

    Context

  • The International Buddhist Confederation (IBC), under the aegis of the Ministry of Culture, in collaboration with the Mahabodhi Society of India, will commemorate Āshāḍha Pūrṇimā—Dhammacakkappavattana Divas.

    • About

  • Āshāḍha Pūrṇimā marks the First Turning of the Wheel of Dhamma, the day when Lord Buddha delivered his first sermon to the pañcavargiya (five ascetic companions) at Sarnath. 
  • This sacred occasion also heralds the beginning of Varsha Vassa (Rainy Season Retreat), observed by monks and nuns across the Buddhist world.
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