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    News In Short 23-07-2025

    In News

  • Tanzania's Vision 2050 aims to tackle the climate crisis threatening the Great Ruaha River, a vital resource for agriculture and biodiversity.

    • About Great Ruaha River

  • It is a major river in south-central Tanzania.
  • It flows northeast through the Usangu wetlands, descends across the Usangu plains (important for agriculture and livestock), and passes through Ruaha National Park.
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    Towards Resilient and Prosperous Cities in India Report of World Bank

    In News

  • The report titled Towards Resilient and Prosperous Cities in India recently released by the World Bank.

    • About the report 

  • It is prepared by the World Bank in collaboration with the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs.
  • It studied 24 Indian cities, with a special focus on Chennai, Indore, New Delhi, Lucknow, Surat and Thiruvananthapuram.
    • Read More

    RBI’s Financial Inclusion Index

    In News 

  • The Reserve Bank of India’s Financial Inclusion Index (FI-Index) rose by 4.3% in FY25. 

    • Importance 

  • Financial inclusion supports entrepreneurship and business growth.
  • It is a catalyst for achieving seven of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). 
  • It fosters economic growth and employment, promotes economic empowerment of women, and contributes to eliminating poverty.
  • It helps build resilience for people and businesses vulnerable to climate change and natural disasters
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    India Witnesses Surge in IP Filings Over Five Years

    Context

  • The IP filings in India in the last five years have increased by 44%, rising from 4,77,533 in 2020–21 to 6,89,991 in 2024–25.

    • Intellectual Property (IP) Rights

  • Intellectual Property (IP) is generally defined as the 'Product of Mind'. 
  • Intellectual Property Right (IPR) is the legally enforceable exclusive right granted to the owner of the intellectual property for a limited period.
  • IPR rewards creativity & human endeavor which fuel the progress of humankind.
  • Forms of IPR : Patents, Copyrights, Trademarks, Industrial Designs, Geographical Indications, Layout Design of Integrated Circuits, Protection of Plant Varieties & Farmers' Rights, Protection of undisclosed information/ Trade Secrets.
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    Manual Scavenging and Sewer Deaths in India

    Context

  • A recent Social Audit (2022–23) by the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment revealed that over 90% of sewer deaths occurred without safety gear or or personalised protective equipment (PPE) kits.

    • Why Manual scavenging continues to exist in India?

  • Lack of Alternatives: Limited access to education and job opportunities keeps people in manual scavenging.
  • Caste System: Deep-seated caste-based discrimination traps many in this occupation.
  • Weak Law Enforcement: Inadequate implementation of anti-manual scavenging laws.
  • Inadequate Sanitary Infrastructure: Lack of modern sanitation systems necessitates manual cleaning.
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    Suicides Cases Among Student

    Context

  • Recently, the Union Minister of State for Education presented in response to a written question in Parliament, highlighting student suicides in India.

    • Factors Responsible For Student Suicide

  • Individual vulnerabilities: Low self-esteem, impulsivity, trauma histories, history of physical or sexual abuse, and learning and intellectual disability.
  • Family Pressures: Over-anxious and over-ambitious parents, dysfunctional family, criticisms, comparisons with peers and lack of support in the family, alcoholism, violence, psychological and economic problems in the family increases suicidal risk.
  • Systemic flaws: One-point evaluation, media hype around results, and lack of career guidance.
  • Institutional stressors: Pressure on teachers and students to achieve 100% pass rates.
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    U.S. To Pull Out of UNESCO

    In News

  • The United States has decided to withdraw from the UN cultural and education agency UNESCO.

    • Impacts of US Withdrawal from UNESCO

  • Financial and Structural: The US is a significant funder & its withdrawal impacts UNESCO’s budget, threatening program continuity in education, culture, and heritage conservation.
  • Global Heritage and Science: UNESCO oversees World Heritage Sites, including 26 in the US (Statue of Liberty, Grand Canyon, etc.). US sites may lose funding for preservation and miss opportunities for new inclusions.
  • Geopolitical and Diplomatic: US absence creates vacuums for other powers (notably China) to boost influence in setting global norms and priorities. Seen as a retreat from multilateralism which may embolden other states to deprioritize UN agencies.
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