2025 - Page 8 of 507 - Current Affairs

Context

President Droupadi Murmu released the Constitution of India in the Santhali language.

About

The Constitution of India is now available in the Santhali language, written in the Ol Chiki script.

The Santhali language was included in the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution through the 92nd Amendment Act, 2003.

It is spoken by a significant number of tribal people in Jharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal and Bihar.

India’s Manufacturing Sector

Context

India’s manufacturing sector has long underperformed relative to its potential, constrained by structural inefficiencies, policy missteps, and a premature leap into services despite several policy pushes.

Background: India’s Manufacturing Sector

It has evolved from a modest post-independence base to a strategic pillar of economic growth.

The Second Five-Year Plan (1956–61) laid the foundation for heavy industries, steel plants, and public enterprises.

It contributed around 15–17% to GDP by the 1990s.

India’s manufacturing sector has lagged behind despite starting from similar economic positions as China and South Korea in the early 20th century.

Celebrating 25th Anniversary: Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY)

In News

The 25th anniversary of the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) was observed recently.

Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY)

It was Launched in 2000 to provide all-weather road connectivity to eligible, previously unconnected rural habitations.

It established the foundation for universal rural access by linking villages with markets, educational institutions, and healthcare facilities.

It has emerged as a key enabler of agricultural growth, employment generation, improved access to education and health services, and poverty alleviation.

India’s creator economy set to drive over $1 trillion in consumer spending by 2030: Report

Context

As per Boston Consulting Group (BCG) report, India’s rapidly expanding creator economy is projected to influence over one trillion dollars in annual consumer spending by 2030.

Key Highlights

India currently has around 2 to 2.5 million monetised digital creators who influence more than 30% of consumer purchase decisions.

At present, creator-led influence already shapes an estimated 350 to 400 billion dollars in annual consumer spending, a figure expected to grow sharply over the next five years.

Creator-influenced spending is estimated to reach $1Tn+ by 2030, unlocking $100Bn+ in ecosystem revenues.

Creator-led commerce has become central to how Indian consumers discover, assess and buy products.

100 Years of Communist Party of India (CPI)

In News

The Communist Party of India completed 100 years, marking a significant chapter in India’s history.

European Background of Communism

Europe was divided between monarchists (Right) and republicans (Left), giving rise to the Right–Left political binary after the French Revolution and Napoleonic Wars.

Industrial capitalism created wealth but also deep social inequalities.

Karl Marx and Communist Ideology: Karl Marx envisioned a transition from capitalism to socialism due to capitalism’s internal contradictions.

He expected socialist revolutions to begin in advanced capitalist countries of Western Europe.

Good Governance Day

Context

Good Governance Day is observed on 25th December every year to commemorate the birth anniversary of former Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee.

About Good Governance Day

According to the United Nations, Good governance is participatory, consensus oriented, accountable, transparent, responsive, effective and efficient, equitable and inclusive, and follows the rule of law.

In 2014, the government announced that December 25 would be celebrated as Good Governance Day.

Dowry a Cross-cultural Evil: Supreme Court judgment

Context

The Supreme Court termed dowry a cross-cultural social evil cutting across religions and communities.

About SC Judgement

SC Observations: Despite Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961, the practice continues in disguised forms like “gifts”.

Dowry violates constitutional values of justice, liberty and fraternity and directly undermines Article 14 (equality before law).

Dowry treats women as a source of financial extraction, not equal partners in marriage.

SC Directions: The court issued directions for educational curriculum reforms to reinforce spousal equality.

Aravalli Ecosystem: Supreme Court’s Impact on Definition

Published on: 26th December, 2025

The recent judgment of the Supreme Court of India, which redefined the Aravalli Hills by adopting an arbitrary ‘100-metre local relief’ criterion, prioritizes administrative convenience over ecological and scientific coherence, marking a decisive rupture in India’s environmental jurisprudence.