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Hydrogen Versus Battery as Fuel Source

Last updated on May 6th, 2025 Posted on May 6, 2025 by NEXT IAS Current Affairs Team  236

Syllabus: GS3/ Energy

Context

  • As the world moves towards sustainable transportation, Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs) present an alternative to the battery electric vehicles (BEVs) currently dominating the market.

Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs)

  • BEVs are powered by electricity stored in rechargeable batteries. 
  • They require regular charging from external power sources, typically through the electric grid. 

Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs)

  • FCEVs use hydrogen gas to generate electricity through a chemical process in fuel cells. 
  • They emit only water vapor as a byproduct, making them environmentally friendly.
fuel cell

Hydrogen Versus Battery as Fuel Source

FeatureBattery Electric VehiclesHydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles
Refuelling TimeHours (depending on charger)5–15 minutes
RangeModerateLong
WeightHeavier (due to batteries)Lighter
Terrain SuitabilityLimited for off-roadSuitable for rugged conditions
Cold Climate SuitabilityPerformance dropsPerforms better

India’s Electric Vehicle Landscape

  • EVs accounted for 5% of total vehicle sales in 2023.
  • Electric 3-Wheelers: India became the world’s largest market for electric three-wheelers in 2023, overtaking China.
    • India contributes to 60% of global sales in this segment.
  • Electric 2-Wheelers: India is the second-largest global market with 0.88 million units sold in 2023. China remains far ahead with 6 million units sold.
    • India, China, and ASEAN nations lead in this domain; other regions make up less than 5% of the global two- and three-wheeler market.
towards a greener tomorrow

Source: TH

 
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