Global Carbon Emissions Are Projected to Rise: Global Carbon Project

Syllabus:GS3/Environment 

In News

• New research by the Global Carbon Project was released during COP30 in Belem, Brazil.

Global Carbon Project 

• It was founded in 2001 through a collaboration of International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP), the International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change (IHDP), the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) and Diversitas.
• It is a Global Research Project of Future Earth and partner of the World Climate Research Programme.

Purpose 

• It was established to build a shared scientific knowledge base that informs policy and action to curb greenhouse gas emissions. 
• It focuses on the global biogeochemical cycles of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O)—examining both natural and human drivers and exploring low-carbon pathways.
• Its work complements international efforts under the UNFCCC, including the Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement, aimed at balancing greenhouse gas sources and sinks to stabilize the climate system.

Key Findings of recent research 

• Global carbon emissions are projected to rise by 1.1% in 2025, reaching 38 billion tonnes.
• China’s emissions will rise by 0.4% and emissions are projected to grow in the United States (+1.9%) and the European Union (0.4%) in 2025.
• Despite reforestation efforts offsetting half of deforestation emissions, total CO₂ emissions have slowed to 0.3% annual growth over the past decade. 
• The remaining carbon budget to limit warming to 1.5°C—170 billion tonnes—is expected to be exhausted before 2030, prompting warnings that climate change is weakening natural carbon sinks. 

India Related Data

• India’s emissions are expected to grow by 1.4%—a slower pace than the 4% increase in 2024—due to a favourable monsoon and strong renewable energy growth. 
• India is the third largest emitter of carbon at 3.2 billion tonnes annually (2024), led by the U. S. (4.9 billion tonnes) and China (12 billion tonnes).
• India’s per capita emissions are among the lowest globally.
  • The rise in emissions is driven by coal (+0.8%), oil (+1%), and natural gas (+1.3%). 

Source :TH