{"id":88505,"date":"2026-11-11T18:02:47","date_gmt":"2026-11-11T12:32:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/?p=88505"},"modified":"2026-11-11T18:04:41","modified_gmt":"2026-11-11T12:34:41","slug":"news-in-brief-11-11-2026","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/11-11-2026\/news-in-brief-11-11-2026","title":{"rendered":"News In Brief 11-11-2026"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Sacred Relics of Shakyamuni Buddha Arrive at Thubchog Gatsel Ling (TGL) Monastery<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS1\/History<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The sacred relics of <strong>Shakyamuni Buddha<\/strong> arrived at Thubchog Gatsel Ling (TGL) Monastery and were enshrined for public viewing.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Thubchog Gatsel Ling (TGL) Monastery is also known as <strong>Lower Gompa, located in Bomdila, Arunachal Pradesh.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The exposition is being organised by:<\/strong> The Ministry of Culture, the National Museum, the Arunachal Pradesh government and the International Buddhist Confederation (IBC).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Bomdila exposition follows the <strong>conclusion of a seven-day public exhibition<\/strong> at Gaden Namgyal Lhatse, popularly known as <strong>Tawang Monastery.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Following the Bomdila programme, the<strong> sacred relics will be taken to the Golden Pagoda in Namsai.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Shakyamuni Buddha<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Shakyamuni Buddha refers to <strong>Gautama Buddha,<\/strong> the founder of Buddhism.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>He was born as <strong>Siddhartha Gautama at Lumbini<\/strong> (present-day Nepal) around the <strong>6th century BCE.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>He attained enlightenment at Bodh Gaya (Bihar), delivered his first sermon at Sarnath (Uttar Pradesh) and attained Mahaparinirvana at Kushinagar (Uttar Pradesh).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Relics of Shakyamuni Buddha<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Buddhist relics are sacred physical remains or objects associated with Gautama Buddha. They primarily include:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Physical relics:<\/strong> Bone fragments, teeth and other bodily remains of Buddha.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Objects associated with Buddha:<\/strong> Items believed to have been used by him.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Relics associated with his life:<\/strong> Sacred objects and places connected with important events in his life.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Excavations by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), between 1971 and 1977, uncovered two reliquary caskets containing 22 bone relics.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Of these 22 relics, 20 are preserved at the National Museum, New Delhi, and two at the Indian Museum, Kolkata.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They originate from excavations at the <strong>Piprahwa stupa in Siddharthanagar district, Uttar Pradesh.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In recent years, sacred relics have travelled to Mongolia, Thailand, Vietnam, Russia, Bhutan, and Sri Lanka, reinforcing spiritual and cultural ties across Asia.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleaseDetail.aspx?PRID=2334253&amp;reg=3&amp;lang=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>PIB<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>US\u2019s Freedom of Navigation ops Against India<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/IR<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The United States conducted<strong> three Freedom of Navigation Operations (FONOPs) <\/strong>challenging Indian maritime claims in fiscal year 2025.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Freedom of Navigation Operations (FONOPs)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The US FON Programme began in <strong>1979<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Aim:<\/strong> To protect US freedom of navigation, overflight and other lawful uses of the seas against what the US considers excessive maritime claims by coastal states.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The programme combines <strong>diplomatic protests with operational assertions by US military forces.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The programme emerged during negotiations over the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), which was adopted in 1982.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Maritime Claims of India which US Contest<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Territorial sea:<\/strong> India requires prior notification for foreign warships and submarines entering its territorial waters.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The US contests such requirements, arguing that warships are entitled to innocent passage.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ):<\/strong> India maintains that foreign states must obtain its consent before conducting military exercises or manoeuvres in its EEZ and continental shelf.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The US rejects this interpretation, arguing that military activities are among the freedoms available to other states in an EEZ.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Contiguous zone:<\/strong> US contests India\u2019s assertion of security-related jurisdiction in the contiguous zone beyond its territorial sea.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Baselines and Historic Waters:<\/strong> US disputes certain Indian baseline claims, including straight baselines around Lakshadweep, and India\u2019s declaration of historic waters in parts of the Palk Strait, Palk Bay, and Gulf of Mannar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The US also disputes <strong>several of India\u2019s maritime boundary arrangements with neighbouring countries<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: IE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Sales Tax<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/Economy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A seven-judge Bench of the Supreme Court reaffirmed the constitutional power of States to impose <strong>additional sales tax or surcharges<\/strong>, resolving the three-decade-old Arjun Flour Mills reference.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is Sales Tax?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sales tax is an<strong> indirect tax levied on the sale or purchase of specified goods within a State.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is generally calculated as a percentage of the transaction value or turnover.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It was first introduced in <strong>Madras Province in 1938 under C. Rajagopalachari.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Constitutional Provisions<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Entry 54, State List:<\/strong> Empowers States to levy tax on the sale or purchase of specified goods, subject to constitutional provisions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Article 246:<\/strong> Distributes legislative powers between the Union and States.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Entry 92A, Union List:<\/strong> Deals with taxation of inter-State sales.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Article 269:<\/strong> Provides for the levy and collection of certain inter-State taxes by the Union.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Evolution of Sales Tax<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sales tax was largely replaced by <strong>Value Added Tax (VAT) during 2003\u20132005.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>GST was <strong>introduced in 2017.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>States continue to have taxation powers over specified products<\/strong>, including alcoholic liquor for human consumption and petroleum products outside GST.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Supreme Court&#8217;s Key Clarification<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The dispute concerned whether States could impose an additional surcharge on existing sales tax.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>Court reaffirmed that:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>States can impose additional sales tax or surcharges within their legislative competence.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A surcharge calculated on existing sales tax does not automatically become a different category of tax.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sales tax is based on taxable transactions or turnover, not business profits. Therefore, it cannot be treated as income tax under Entry 82 of the Union List.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source: TH<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Rare B\u2070 Meson Decay: New Evidence from CERN<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ S&amp;T<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Scientists at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) have reported evidence of an extremely <strong>rare particle decay in which a B\u2070 meson transforms<\/strong> into <strong>two muons (one positively charged and one negatively charged).<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is B\u2070 Meson Decay?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>B\u2070 meson: <\/strong>A subatomic particle belonging to the meson family, made up of a quark and an antiquark.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Decay: <\/strong>An unstable particle transforms into other particles over time.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Muon:<\/strong> An elementary subatomic particle similar to an electron but approximately 207 times heavier.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In this rare process, a <strong>B\u2070 meson decays into two oppositely charged muons.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Why is it rare?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Standard Model predicts that<strong> approximately 1 in 10 billion B\u2070 mesons undergo<\/strong> this particular decay.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Such rare processes are important because even small deviations from theoretical predictions may indicate the presence of undiscovered particles or interactions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Significance of the Discovery<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Testing the Standard Model:<\/strong> Provides an opportunity to test theoretical predictions with greater precision.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Search for New Physics:<\/strong> Deviations in rare particle decays could indicate undiscovered particles or interactions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Understanding the Universe<\/strong>: Helps scientists understand the fundamental behaviour of matter.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Constraining New Theories:<\/strong> The observed results, being consistent with Standard Model predictions, can constrain certain proposed extensions of the theory.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What Does 3.2 Sigma Mean?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sigma represents the statistical significance of an experimental observation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A 3.2 sigma result indicates evidence for a possible signal, but it is below the conventional 5 sigma threshold generally required to claim a discovery in particle physics.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/science\/meson-to-muons-ultra-rare-decay\/article71681709.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Kamikaze UAVs\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/Defence<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) is working on a plan to add <strong>\u2018kamikaze drones\u2019<\/strong>, to its operational arsenal for counter-insurgency operations<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Kamikaze Drones<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Kamikaze combines two Japanese words: <strong>\u201ckami\u201d means \u201cdivine\u201d and \u201ckaze\u201d means \u201cwind.\u201d<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It originated from a <strong>powerful typhoon in 1281<\/strong> that destroyed a Mongol invasion fleet, saving Japan from invasion.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>During World War II, the term became popular for Japanese pilots who deliberately crashed their <strong>aircraft into enemy naval ships in suicide attacks.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Today, it refers to suicide attacks using drones or other means and also describes people who take extreme risks without concern for their own safety.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Key Features<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Loitering Capability:<\/strong> Can remain airborne for extended periods to monitor and identify targets.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Precision Strike<\/strong>: Can target bunkers, enemy positions, radar installations and mobile targets.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Navigation:<\/strong> Use GPS, NAVIC and other navigation technologies, along with EO\/IR sensors.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Low Detectability:<\/strong> Their small size and low-altitude flight can make detection difficult.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cost-effectiveness<\/strong>: Relatively inexpensive and can be deployed in coordinated groups.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Significance for India<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Counter-terrorism: <\/strong>Helps target concealed terrorist positions in forests and difficult terrain.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Military Advantage: <\/strong>Strengthens precision-strike and surveillance capabilities.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Reduced Risk<\/strong>: Limits direct exposure of security personnel to hostile positions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Self-reliance:<\/strong> Promotes indigenous defence manufacturing under Aatmanirbhar Bharat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hindustantimes.com\/india-news\/crpf-set-to-acquire-kamikaze-drones-for-anti-insurgency-operations-101794336580586-amp.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">HT<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><strong> Context <\/strong><\/p>\n<li class=\"ms-5\"> The sacred relics of Shakyamuni Buddha arrived at Thubchog Gatsel Ling (TGL) Monastery and were enshrined for public viewing. <\/li>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong> About <\/strong><\/p>\n<li class=\"ms-5\"> Thubchog Gatsel Ling (TGL) Monastery is also known as Lower Gompa, located in Bomdila, Arunachal Pradesh. <\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\"> The exposition is being organised by: The Ministry of Culture, the National Museum, the Arunachal Pradesh government and the International Buddhist Confederation (IBC). <\/li>\n<p><a href=\" https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/11-11-2026\/news-in-brief-11-11-2026 \" class=\"btn btn-primary btn-sm float-end\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-88505","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88505","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=88505"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88505\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":88511,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88505\/revisions\/88511"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=88505"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=88505"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=88505"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}