{"id":75102,"date":"2026-05-27T20:55:53","date_gmt":"2026-05-27T15:25:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/?p=75102"},"modified":"2026-05-27T21:00:02","modified_gmt":"2026-05-27T15:30:02","slug":"demographic-changes-committee","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/27-05-2026\/demographic-changes-committee","title":{"rendered":"Government Constitutes Committee to Study Demographic Changes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/ Governance<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Union Government has constituted a high-level committee to study demographic changes chaired by <strong>Justice Prakash Prabhakar Naolekar.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Objectives of the Committee<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Assessment of Demographic Changes: <\/strong>The committee will conduct a comprehensive <strong>assessment of demographic changes<\/strong> occurring across India with identifying regions experiencing unusual population shifts and analyse changes at the level of religious and social communities.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Identification of Causes: <\/strong>The committee will examine the possible causes of demographic changes, including;\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Illegal cross-border migration.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Abnormal settlement patterns.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Orchestrated migration.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Economic opportunities attract migration.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Socio-environmental factors.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Population Stabilisation: <\/strong>The committee will recommend an institutional mechanism for population stabilisation and long-term demographic monitoring.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Illegal Immigration Management: <\/strong>The committee will recommend a streamlined and time-bound mechanism for;\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Identification of illegal immigrants.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Detention procedures.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Deportation processes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Strengthening Border Management:<\/strong> The committee will propose measures to strengthen border management through better surveillance systems, improved identification mechanisms and enhanced coordination among agencies.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Demographic Trends in India<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Declining Fertility Rate:<\/strong> According to the National Family Health Survey-5 (NFHS-5), India\u2019s Total Fertility Rate (TFR) declined to around <strong>2.0<\/strong>, which is below the replacement level of 2.1.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>This indicates that India is gradually moving towards population stabilisation at the national level.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Declining Birth Rate: <\/strong>According to the <strong>Sample Registration System (SRS) Report 2024:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>India\u2019s birth rate declined<strong> from 21 per 1,000 population<\/strong> in 2014 to <strong>18.3<\/strong> in 2024.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The decline reflects changing demographic patterns, rising urbanisation, increasing literacy, and improved access to healthcare and family planning.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Border-Related Demographic Challenges<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>India\u2013Bangladesh Border: <\/strong>India shares a <strong>4,096 km border<\/strong> with Bangladesh across West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, and Mizoram.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>The Assam Movement (1979-1985) <\/strong>was a popular movement against illegal immigrants in Assam. The movement, led by All Assam Students Union (AASU) and the All Assam Gana Sangram Parishad (AAGSP).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>India\u2013Myanmar Border:<\/strong> India shares a <strong>1,643 km border <\/strong>with Myanmar across Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, and Mizoram.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Political instability after the <strong>2021 Myanmar military coup<\/strong> increased the inflow of <strong>Chin refugees and Rohingya<\/strong> migrants into Manipur and Mizoram.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>India\u2013Pakistan Border: <\/strong>India shares a <strong>3,323 km<\/strong> border with Pakistan.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In Jammu and Kashmir, cross-border infiltration from Pakistan has long been associated with<strong> terrorism, militancy,<\/strong> and internal security challenges.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Concerns Regarding Demographic Change<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>National security and sovereignty:<\/strong> Illegal immigration may create security challenges by increasing risks of infiltration, organised crime, and border instability.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Social harmony: <\/strong>Demographic changes linked to religion, ethnicity, or language may increase social tensions, identity politics, and conflicts over land and employment.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Ethnic violence<\/strong> in Manipur between <strong>Kuki and Meitei <\/strong>highlighted tensions between communities over land, identity, and demographic concerns.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Resource distribution: <\/strong>Large-scale migration may increase pressure on housing, healthcare, education, welfare schemes, and employment opportunities.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Border districts in <strong>Assam and Tripura <\/strong>have witnessed concerns regarding land encroachment, competition for jobs, and pressure on public resources due to undocumented migration.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Protection of indigenous and tribal communities: <\/strong>Indigenous and tribal communities, especially in the North-East region, fear loss of cultural identity, land rights, and political representation due to demographic changes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Challenges<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Lack of Updated Census Data: <\/strong>The last Census in India was conducted in <strong>2011, <\/strong>while the next Census is scheduled for 2027.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The absence of updated Census data may affect the accuracy of demographic assessments and policymaking.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Human Rights Concerns: <\/strong>There are concerns regarding the possibility of discrimination, social polarisation, and wrongful exclusion.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Federal and Administrative Challenges:<\/strong> Different States may have varying political, administrative, and social responses to migration-related issues.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Border Management Challenges: <\/strong>India shares long and porous international borders with neighbouring countries and effective border management requires advanced surveillance technology, infrastructure development, and better inter-agency coordination.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Way Ahead<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Strengthen Border Infrastructure: <\/strong>India should improve border fencing, surveillance systems, and technological monitoring mechanisms to prevent illegal infiltration.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Conduct Timely Census:<\/strong> The government should ensure timely conduct of the Census and strengthen civil registration systems to enable evidence-based policymaking.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ensure Constitutional Safeguards:<\/strong> Any action related to identification or deportation must follow due process and protect constitutional rights.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Inclusive Population Policies: <\/strong>Population stabilisation measures should focus on; women\u2019s education, healthcare access, awareness programmes, voluntary family planning measures. Coercive population control measures should be avoided.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/centre-constitutes-high-level-committee-on-unnatural-demographic-change-amit-shah\/article71024806.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><strong> Context <\/strong><\/p>\n<li class=\"ms-5\"> The Union Government has constituted a high-level committee to study demographic changes chaired by Justice Prakash Prabhakar Naolekar. <\/li>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong> Objectives of the Committee <\/strong><\/p>\n<li class=\"ms-5\"> Assessment of Demographic Changes: The committee will conduct a comprehensive assessment of demographic changes occurring across India with identifying regions experiencing unusual population shifts and analyse changes at the level of religious and social communities. <\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\"> Identification of Causes: The committee will examine the possible causes of demographic changes, including; <\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\"> Illegal cross-border migration. <\/li>\n<p><a href=\" https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/27-05-2026\/demographic-changes-committee \" class=\"btn btn-primary btn-sm float-end\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-75102","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75102","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=75102"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75102\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":75105,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75102\/revisions\/75105"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=75102"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=75102"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=75102"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}