{"id":73601,"date":"2026-05-13T21:47:41","date_gmt":"2026-05-13T16:17:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/?p=73601"},"modified":"2026-05-13T21:52:57","modified_gmt":"2026-05-13T16:22:57","slug":"news-in-short-13-05-2026","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/13-05-2026\/news-in-short-13-05-2026","title":{"rendered":"News In Short 13-05-2026"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Sardar Vallabhai Patel<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS1\/History&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Recently, the Prime Minister\u00a0 paid tribute to Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel at Somnath Temple during the 75th anniversary celebrations of the temple\u2019s reconstruction.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>He was known as the \u201cIron Man of India\u201d and was a major leader in India\u2019s freedom struggle.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Early life<\/strong>: He was born on October 31, 1875, in Nadiad.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>He studied law in England, became a barrister, and later started a successful law practice in India.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Contributions in freedom struggle: <\/strong>Inspired by Mahatma Gandhi, he joined the Indian independence movement.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>He led important movements like the Kheda Satyagraha (1918) and Bardoli Satyagraha (1928) against British policies and taxes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>His leadership earned him the title \u201cSardar,\u201d meaning leader or chief.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>He was a senior leader of the Indian National Congress and actively participated in movements like the Quit India Movement (1942).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Post independence role<\/strong> : After Independence in 1947, he became India\u2019s first Deputy Prime Minister and Home Minister.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>His greatest achievement was integrating more than 560 princely states into the Indian Union, helping unite the country.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>He also contributed to building India\u2019s administrative system and maintaining national unity and security.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Death and legacy<\/strong>:\u00a0 He passed away on December 15, 1950.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>His legacy continues through monuments like the Statue of Unity, the world\u2019s tallest statue.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>He is remembered as a symbol of strength, unity, and dedication to the nation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/ddnews.gov.in\/en\/gujarat-pm-modi-pays-tribute-to-sardar-patel-at-somnath\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>DD<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Speedy Trial a \u2018Human Right\u2019<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/ Polity and Governance<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Supreme Court of India, while hearing a criminal case pending for nearly 35 years in Uttar Pradesh, declared that the<strong> right to speedy trial <\/strong>is not only a constitutional guarantee under<strong> Article 21 <\/strong>but also a human right.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Article 21 of the Constitution<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Article 21 guarantees the <strong>protection of life and personal liberty <\/strong>except according to procedure established by law.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Judicial interpretation has expanded <strong>Article 21 <\/strong>to include fair trial, legal aid, humane prison conditions, and\u00a0 speedy justice.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Judicial Evolution<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Hussainara Khatoon v. State of Bihar: <\/strong>The Supreme Court first recognised speedy trial as a fundamental right under <strong>Article 21.<\/strong> The case highlighted the plight of undertrial prisoners languishing in jails for years.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>A.R. Antulay v. R.S. Nayak:<\/strong> The Court laid down principles to determine violation of the right to speedy trial. It clarified that delays caused by systemic inadequacies also violate constitutional rights.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/a-nearly-40-year-old-pending-case-spurs-supreme-court-to-declare-speedy-trial-a-human-right\/article70970420.e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>PCOS Renamed as PMOS<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/ Health<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A global medical consensus has renamed <strong>Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)<\/strong> as <strong>Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome (PMOS) <\/strong>after nearly 14 years of scientific consultations involving doctors, researchers, and patient advocacy groups across the world.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is PMOS?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>PMOS, earlier known as PCOS<\/strong>, is a complex hormonal and metabolic disorder <strong>affecting women of reproductive age.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It impacts the <strong>endocrine system, metabolism, reproductive health<\/strong>, and mental well-being.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The disorder affects nearly one in eight women globally and is among the leading causes of <strong>infertility and menstrual irregularities.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Symptoms of PMOS:\u00a0<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Risk of Diabetes: <\/strong>Insulin resistance can lead to <strong>Type-2 diabetes mellitus.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cardiovascular Risks: <\/strong>Women with PMOS are more vulnerable to hypertension and heart diseases.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Fertility Challenges: <\/strong>The disorder affects ovulation and reproductive health.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mental Health Concerns: <\/strong>Long-term stress, body image issues, and hormonal imbalance may contribute to psychological disorders.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Why Was PCOS Renamed?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The earlier name <strong>Polycystic Ovary Syndrome<\/strong> was considered scientifically inaccurate and misleading, as many women diagnosed with the condition do not actually develop ovarian cysts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The earlier term primarily associated the disorder with reproductive organs, whereas the condition also significantly affects <strong>metabolism, hormones, cardiovascular health, and mental health.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/economictimes.indiatimes.com\/news\/new-updates\/pcos-now-pmos-health-condition-that-affects-every-eighth-woman-renamed-after-14-years-of-m\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>ET<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>DRDO Conducts Long-Duration Scramjet Combustor Test in Hyderabad<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Defence<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has successfully conducted an extensive, long-duration test of its Actively Cooled Full-Scale Scramjet Combustor in Hyderabad.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The test was conducted at the <strong>Scramjet Connect Pipe Test (SCPT) Facility.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It achieved a sustained runtime of more than <strong>1,200 seconds,<\/strong> improving upon the earlier <strong>700-second test<\/strong> conducted in <strong>January 2026.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is a Scramjet Engine?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A <strong>Scramjet (Supersonic Combustion Ramjet) <\/strong>is an advanced <strong>air-breathing propulsion system <\/strong>designed for hypersonic speeds.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It compresses incoming air using its high speed, allowing fuel combustion to occur in supersonic airflow. It uses oxygen present in the atmosphere for combustion.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Significance of achievement<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The successful test strengthens India\u2019s capability in developing <strong>indigenous hypersonic cruise missiles.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It marks progress in advanced aerospace and next-generation defence technologies.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fff2cc\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p><strong>What is Hypersonic Technology?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hypersonic technology refers to <strong>systems capable of travelling at speeds greater than Mach 5<\/strong>, which is five times the speed of sound.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hypersonic weapons can travel at extremely high speeds while <strong>maintaining manoeuvrability during flight<\/strong>, making them difficult to detect and intercept.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Types of Hypersonic Weapons<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Hypersonic Glide Vehicles (HGVs): <\/strong>These are launched using rockets and glide towards the target at hypersonic speeds.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hypersonic Cruise Missiles (HCMs):<\/strong> These are powered throughout flight by advanced air-breathing engines such as scramjets.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsonair.gov.in\/drdo-successfully-conducts-long-duration-scramjet-combustor-test-in-hyderabad\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>AIR<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Pradhan Mantri Schools for Rising India (PM SHRI)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/Governance<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>The Union Ministry of Education <\/strong>has issued a fresh reminder regarding the pending implementation of the <strong>Pradhan Mantri Schools for Rising India (PM SHRI) <\/strong>scheme to West Bengal, Kerala and Tamil Nadu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Pradhan Mantri Schools for Rising India (PM SHRI) scheme<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Aim:<\/strong> The<strong> <\/strong>scheme aims to <strong>turn existing government schools into model schools.<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The scheme is for <strong>existing elementary, secondary, and senior secondary schools<\/strong> run by the central government and state and local governments around the country.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Funding: <\/strong>It is a<strong> Centrally sponsored scheme <\/strong>with a total project cost of <strong>27,360 crore <\/strong>for the period of <strong>five years <\/strong>from <strong>2022-23 to 2026-27<\/strong> for transforming nearly <strong>14,500 schools<\/strong> across the country.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It\u00a0 will showcase all components of the <strong>National Education Policy 2020,<\/strong> act as exemplary schools and also offer mentorship to other schools in their vicinity.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A \u2018<strong>School Quality Assessment Framework\u2019 <\/strong>is being developed to measure the progress and performance of these schools.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Key features of PM SHRI Scheme<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Development of \u2018Green schools\u2019: <\/strong>These will be equipped with solar panels, LED lights, nutrition gardens, and waste management, water conservation and harvesting systems.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Modern facilities:<\/strong> Schools will include ICT (information and communication technologies) facilities, smart classrooms, library, digital library, science labs and vocational labs etc.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Schools will also get science and math kits and annual school grants for libraries or sports.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mother tongue and local languages<\/strong> to be encouraged.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/education-ministry-gives-fresh-push-for-implementation-of-pm-shri-in-bengal-kerala-and-tn-post-elections\/article70970906.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Study on Malaria Vaccine\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/Health<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A major study published in the Lancet found that the world\u2019s first approved malaria vaccine, RTS,S\/AS01E, reduced overall child deaths by 13% in parts of Africa.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Malaria<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is a serious, life-threatening disease caused by parasites and spread mainly through the bite of infected female Anopheles mosquito.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is common in tropical regions and does not spread directly from person to person, though it can rarely spread through infected blood or needles.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Symptoms<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Malaria usually starts with fever, headache, and chills about 10\u201315 days after infection.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Early symptoms can be mild, so testing is important. If it becomes severe, it may cause confusion, seizures, breathing problems, jaundice, bleeding, and dark urine, and can be life-threatening.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Prevention and Treatment<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Malaria can be prevented by avoiding mosquito bites using nets, repellents, coils, screens, and protective clothing, and by taking preventive medicines when travelling to high-risk areas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Early testing and treatment are essential. Malaria is treated with specific medicines depending on the parasite type and patient factors. Common treatments include Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACTs) for P. falciparum, chloroquine for P. vivax (where effective), and primaquine to prevent relapse.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>India Specific Data&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In India, malaria cases and deaths have declined sharply between 2015 and 2023:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>80.5% reduction in cases<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>78.3% reduction in deaths<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>More than 122 districts reported zero malaria cases<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>India exited the WHO High Burden to High Impact group in 2024.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It aims to achieve Zero indigenous malaria cases and deaths by 2027 and Complete malaria elimination by 2030.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Suggestions<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Experts stressed that continued surveillance, mosquito control, and strong public health measures are essential to maintain progress.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source:IE<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>National Florence Nightingale Awards 2026<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: Miscellaneous<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>President Droupadi Murmu conferred the National Florence Nightingale Awards 2026 to nurses at a function held at Rashtrapati Bhavan.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About the Award<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Named after Florence Nightingale, the founder of modern nursing, it was instituted in <strong>1973<\/strong> by the <strong>Ministry of Health and Family Welfare<\/strong>, Government of India.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It recognizes <strong>meritorious services of nurses and nursing professionals<\/strong> who contribute significantly to society.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A total of <strong>15 awards<\/strong> are given in the category of Registered Auxiliary Nurses &amp; Midwife, Registered Nurses and Midwife and Registered Lady Visitor.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Eligible recipients <\/strong>include nursing personnel working in Central\/State Governments, Union Territories, and Voluntary Organizations, whether in hospitals, community settings, educational institutions, or administration.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Each award consists<\/strong> of a Certificate of Merit, Cash Award of Rs.1,00,000\/- and a medal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsonair.gov.in\/president-droupadi-murmu-conferred-national-florence-nightingale-awards-2026-at-rashtrapati-bhavan\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">AIR<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><strong> In News\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n<li class=\"ms-5\"> Recently, the Prime Minister\u00a0 paid tribute to Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel at Somnath Temple during the 75th anniversary celebrations of the temple\u2019s reconstruction. <\/li>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong> Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel <\/strong><\/p>\n<li class=\"ms-5\"> He was known as the \u201cIron Man of India\u201d and was a major leader in India\u2019s freedom struggle. <\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\"> Early life: He was born on October 31, 1875, in Nadiad. <\/li>\n<p><a href=\" https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/13-05-2026\/news-in-short-13-05-2026 \" class=\"btn btn-primary btn-sm float-end\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-73601","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73601","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=73601"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73601\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":73605,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73601\/revisions\/73605"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=73601"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=73601"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=73601"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}