{"id":70858,"date":"2026-04-04T20:53:58","date_gmt":"2026-04-04T15:23:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/?p=70858"},"modified":"2026-04-04T21:01:10","modified_gmt":"2026-04-04T15:31:10","slug":"news-in-short-04-04-2026","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/04-04-2026\/news-in-short-04-04-2026","title":{"rendered":"News In Short 04-04-2026"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>El Ni\u00f1o<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS1\/ Geography<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The possible emergence of El Ni\u00f1o conditions, along with global oil price shocks, has intensified concerns over rising inflation in India.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is El Nino?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>El Ni\u00f1o is the <strong>warming of seawater<\/strong> in the central-east Equatorial Pacific that occurs every few years.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>During El Ni\u00f1o, surface temperatures in the <strong>equatorial Pacific rise,<\/strong> and trade winds, east-west winds that blow near the Equator, weaken.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Impact: In El Ni\u00f1o years<\/strong>, India faces <strong>warmer temperatures and less rainfall<\/strong>, causing droughts in some regions.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>This affects agriculture, water resources, and ecosystems.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img data-dominant-color=\"cce0e9\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"675\" height=\"582\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-2.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"not-transparent wp-image-70864\" style=\"--dominant-color: #cce0e9; width:326px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-2.webp 675w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-2-300x259.webp 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 675px) 100vw, 675px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Impact of El Ni\u00f1o on Indian Economy<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Reduced rainfall<\/strong> due to El Ni\u00f1o adversely affects kharif crops like rice, pulses, and oilseeds, leading to lower agricultural output and supply shortages.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Decline in food supply<\/strong> caused by El Ni\u00f1o conditions results in higher food prices, which in turn pushes up overall inflation due to the high weight of food in India\u2019s inflation basket.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Poor agricultural output<\/strong> under El Ni\u00f1o reduces farmers\u2019 incomes, thereby weakening rural demand and adversely impacting overall economic growth.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/explained-economics\/graphs-data-perspectives-war-el-nino-inflation-outlook-india-10617632\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>IE<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Indonesia<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS1\/Geography<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A magnitude 7.4 earthquake struck the Northern Molucca Sea off Indonesia&#8217;s Ternate island.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About Indonesia<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Basic Geography:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>World&#8217;s largest archipelagic state, located between the <strong>Indian and Pacific Oceans<\/strong>, off mainland Southeast Asia.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Major islands:<\/strong> Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan (Borneo), Sulawesi, Papua.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It<strong> shares land borders<\/strong> with East Timor (Timor-Leste), Papua New Guinea, and Malaysia.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Capital<\/strong>: Jakarta (on the island of Java); new capital being developed \u2014 <strong>Nusantara in Kalimantan<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Largest Muslim-majority nation<\/strong> by population in the world.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Tectonic Setting:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Located on the Pacific Ring of Fire<\/strong>, the seismically active belt where ~90% of the world&#8217;s earthquakes occur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It hosts one of the world&#8217;s highest densities of active volcanoes, stretching from <strong>Sumatra through Java to the Lesser Sunda Islands.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>Molucca Sea<\/strong> \u2014 where the recent earthquake originated \u2014 is a highly active tectonic zone in Indonesia&#8217;s northern region.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Global and Regional Role:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Founding member of the <strong>Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)<\/strong>\u00a0 along with India.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Founding member of ASEAN (1967)<\/strong> \u2014 ASEAN Secretariat is headquartered in Jakarta.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Indonesia became a full member of BRICS <\/strong>at the 16th Summit held under Russia&#8217;s chairship in Kazan.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Member of G20 and hosted the G20 Summit in Bali in 2022.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Member of<strong> IONS (Indian Ocean Naval Symposium) <\/strong>\u2014 a maritime cooperation platform conceptualised by India in 2008.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img data-dominant-color=\"bbcbcf\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-29-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"not-transparent wp-image-70862\" style=\"--dominant-color: #bbcbcf; width:408px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-29-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-29-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-29-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-29-1536x864.png 1536w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-29.png 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: TH<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>NCERT Granted Deemed University Tag<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/ Government Initiatives<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Ministry of Education has declared the <strong>National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT)<\/strong> an <strong>Institution Deemed to be a University<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About the Decision<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The deemed university status has been granted not only to NCERT headquarters, but also to its six <strong>Regional Institutes of Education (RIEs)<\/strong>, subject to certain conditions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Impact of the Decision<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>NCERT can now start courses and academic programmes and also award degrees.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It has also been asked to begin <strong>research programmes, doctoral programmes, and innovative academic programmes.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>NCERT should also gradually expand into other academic domains in line with UGC norms and regulations, and the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img data-dominant-color=\"bfd1e0\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #bfd1e0;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"301\" height=\"284\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Screenshot-2026-04-04-205623.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"not-transparent wp-image-70867\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>NCERT has been clearly <strong>prohibited from engaging in commercial or profit-making activities.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>NCERT can start new <strong>academic programmes, off-campus centres, or offshore campuses<\/strong> only in accordance with the guidelines issued by the UGC from time to time.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>NCERT has been directed to take steps for accreditation of its academic programmes by the <strong>National Board of Accreditation (NBA), <\/strong>and institutional accreditation by the <strong>National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC).<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The government has also directed NCERT to participate in the<strong> National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It must also compulsorily create <strong>Academic Bank of Credits (ABC) IDs<\/strong> for students, and upload their credit records to digital lockers so that they can be reflected on the ABC portal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: TH<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Yuva Sangam<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/Government Initiatives<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Context<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Registrations for institution-led exposure tours under <strong>Yuva Sangam Phase-VI<\/strong> were held, covering 22 States and Union Territories.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>About the Yuva Sangam<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is an initiative by the Government of India to strengthen people-to-people connect between youth belonging to different States\/UTs of India.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It was <strong>conceptualised by the Ministry of Education<\/strong> in collaboration with various other ministries and departments, and was launched under the banner of<strong> Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat (EBSB)<\/strong>.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat (EBSB)<\/strong> launched on 31st October 2015 to strengthen national unity by deepening connections between States and Union Territories.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It has been organised collaboratively <strong>on the model of Kashi Tamil Sangamam<\/strong> (KTS).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The programme is guided by the Five P\u2019s framework:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img data-dominant-color=\"579cb3\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"780\" height=\"364\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-28.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"not-transparent wp-image-70861\" style=\"--dominant-color: #579cb3; width:359px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-28.png 780w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-28-300x140.png 300w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-28-768x358.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Programme Journey:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img data-dominant-color=\"e6ecef\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"780\" height=\"541\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-30.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"not-transparent wp-image-70863\" style=\"--dominant-color: #e6ecef; width:360px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-30.png 780w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-30-300x208.png 300w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-30-768x533.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2248923&amp;reg=3&amp;lang=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>PIB<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Cabinet Committee on Security (CCS)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/ Governance<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>PM Modi chaired a special\u00a0 meeting of the Cabinet Committee on Security to review the situation and mitigating measures in the context of the ongoing West Asia Conflict.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About Cabinet Committee on Security (CCS)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is the apex decision-making body in India responsible for matters related to national security and defence expenditure, and strategic affairs.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It handles <strong>crisis situations, defence issues, and high-stakes strategic decisions<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>It is chaired by the Prime Minister<\/strong> and includes the Ministers of Defence, Home Affairs, Finance, and External Affairs, with the <strong>National Security Advisor<\/strong> acting as a coordinator.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is an<strong> extra-constitutional body<\/strong> created under the <strong>Transaction of Business Rules, 1961<\/strong> of the Government of India.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsonair.gov.in\/pm-modi-chairs-second-ccs-meeting-on-west-asia-crisis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>AIR<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Purchasing Manager\u2019s Index (PMI)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Economy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The West Asia crisis has led to <strong>India\u2019s Manufacturing PMI<\/strong> falling from 56.9 in February 2026 compared to 53.9 in March 2026.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About Purchasing Managers\u2019 Index (PMI)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>PMI is a survey-based economic indicator that captures <strong>changes in business conditions<\/strong> compared to the previous month.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It provides insights into <strong>both current and near-term economic trends.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is prepared separately for <strong>manufacturing, services,<\/strong> and also as a composite index.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>PMI is measured on a <strong>scale of 0 to 100. <\/strong>A reading above 50 indicates expansion, below 50 indicates contraction, and 50 indicates no change.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>PMI is compiled globally for many economies by IHS Markit, which is now part of S&amp;P Global.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: TH<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Ad Valorem Duty<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Economy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The United States has announced a<strong> 100% ad valorem duty on imports<\/strong> of patented pharmaceuticals and associated active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>India\u2019s Stake<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The <strong>US is India&#8217;s single largest pharmaceutical export destination<\/strong>, absorbing nearly 40% of India&#8217;s total pharma exports.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>India dominates the American generics market supplying approximately 47% of all generic medicines consumed in the US.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is Ad Valorem Duty?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ad valorem duty is a <strong>customs tariff calculated as a fixed percentage of the declared value of imported goods<\/strong> \u2014 as opposed to specific tariffs, which are levied on the basis of weight, volume, or quantity regardless of price.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>As the value of the imported product rises, the <strong>absolute duty burden rises proportionally.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A 100% ad valorem duty effectively doubles the<strong> landed cost of the imported product for the buyer<\/strong>, making domestically produced alternatives significantly more competitive on price.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/business\/us-announces-100-tariff-on-patented-pharma-limited-impact-on-india-10618079\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IE<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Coal Gasification Incentive Scheme<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Economy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Union Minister has unveiled India&#8217;s roadmap to address this through domestic coal utilisation, with the Coal Gasification Incentive Scheme as a central instrument.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About Coal Gasification<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Coal gasification is the process of converting coal into <strong>syngas (synthesis gas)<\/strong> \u2014 a mixture <strong>primarily of hydrogen (H\u2082) and carbon monoxide (CO)<\/strong> \u2014 through a reaction with steam and oxygen at high temperatures. Syngas serves as a feedstock for producing:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Ammonia<\/strong> \u2192 used in fertiliser manufacturing<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Methanol <\/strong>\u2192 used as fuel and chemical feedstock<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hydrogen<\/strong> \u2192 clean energy carrier<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Synthetic natural gas <\/strong>\u2192 substitute for imported LNG.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/energy.economictimes.indiatimes.com\/news\/coal\/indias-coal-gasification-initiative-reducing-petrochemical-imports-and-embracing-sustainable-energy\/129978668\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>ET<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Aditya-L1 Mission<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ S&amp;T, Space<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ISRO invites proposals from the Indian solar physics community to analyse data from the Aditya-L1<strong> mission.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Aditya-L1 Mission<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Launched in 2023,<strong> Aditya-L1<\/strong> is <strong>India\u2019s first dedicated space-based solar mission<\/strong>. It has been designed to study the <strong>Sun and its outer atmosphere<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The mission\u2019s lifespan is 5 years.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The spacecraft is positioned at the <strong>Sun-Earth Lagrange Point 1 (L1)<\/strong>, which allows it to continuously observe the Sun without frequent interruptions such as eclipses or occultation.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The <strong>L1 (Lagrange Point 1)<\/strong> lies between the <strong>Earth and the Sun<\/strong>, where the gravitational pull of the two bodies balances the orbital motion of the spacecraft.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This makes it an ideal location for <strong>continuous solar observation<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img data-dominant-color=\"725434\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"603\" height=\"342\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-27.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"not-transparent wp-image-70860\" style=\"--dominant-color: #725434; aspect-ratio:1.763300760043431;width:444px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-27.png 603w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2026\/04\/image-27-300x170.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 603px) 100vw, 603px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Key Instruments:\u00a0<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC): VELC<\/strong> is designed to observe the <strong>solar corona<\/strong>, which is the outermost layer of the Sun\u2019s atmosphere. It helps in studying <strong>coronal heating<\/strong>, <strong>coronal mass ejections (CMEs)<\/strong>, and other dynamic solar events.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Solar Ultra-violet Imaging Telescope (SUIT): SUIT<\/strong> is used to observe the Sun in the <strong>ultraviolet wavelength<\/strong>. It helps in studying the <strong>solar photosphere and chromosphere<\/strong>, and in understanding <strong>solar radiation and variability<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: TH<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>INS Taragiri<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Defence<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>INS Taragiri, a <strong>Nilgiri-class stealth guided missile frigate<\/strong>, has been commissioned into the Indian Navy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>INS Taragiri is the 4<sup>th<\/sup> of the 7 <strong>Project 17A multi-mission stealth guided missile frigates.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It was built by <strong>Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL).<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is named after the <strong>Taragiri hill ranges of Uttarakhand.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>About 75% of the ship is indigenously built.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Key Features<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is designed for multi-role operations across <strong>air, surface <\/strong>and <strong>sub-surface warfare.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It can act as a screen for <strong>Carrier Battle Groups<\/strong> and can also undertake independent or small-group missions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is equipped with <strong>MF-STAR radar, MRSAM, Barak air defence missiles, <\/strong>and <strong>BrahMos missiles.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>For anti-submarine warfare, it carries <strong>HUMSA sonar, triple torpedo launchers, and Extended Range Anti-Submarine Rockets (ERASR).<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It uses a <strong>Combined Diesel or Gas (CODOG) <\/strong>propulsion system.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It can achieve speeds of around 30 knots.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It can carry at least one helicopter, including <strong>Kamov or MH-60R.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: PIB<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>INS Aridhaman<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Defence<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>INS Aridaman<\/strong>, part of India&#8217;s Arihant-class ballistic missile submarine (SSBN) fleet, has been commissioned as a more advanced platform than its predecessors \u2014 <strong>INS Arihant (commissioned 2016)<\/strong> and <strong>INS Arighaat (commissioned 2024).<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Key Features<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is larger than INS Arihant and INS Arighaat, with a displacement of about 7,000 tonnes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It can carry up to <strong>24 K-15 Sagarika missiles, <\/strong>or <strong>8 K-4 \/ K-5 missiles.<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The K-4 missile has a range of about 3,500 km.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>These are nuclear-capable submarine-launched ballistic missiles (SLBMs).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>India&#8217;s Nuclear Submarine Programme<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>India&#8217;s nuclear submarine effort is rooted in the <strong>Advanced Technology Vessel (ATV) Programme<\/strong> initiated over three decades ago as one of India&#8217;s most classified strategic defence projects.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It was developed through collaboration<strong> between DRDO, the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), the Navy, and private defence firms<\/strong>, with technical assistance from Russia in the early phases.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The programme&#8217;s primary output is the <strong>SSBN (Ship Submersible Ballistic Nuclear), <\/strong>a nuclear-propelled submarine capable of carrying Submarine-Launched Ballistic Missiles (SLBMs) armed with single or multiple nuclear warheads.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source: TH<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><strong> Context <\/strong><\/p>\n<li class=\"ms-5\"> The possible emergence of El Ni\u00f1o conditions, along with global oil price shocks, has intensified concerns over rising inflation in India. <\/li>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong> What is El Nino? <\/strong><\/p>\n<li class=\"ms-5\"> El Ni\u00f1o is the warming of seawater in the central-east Equatorial Pacific that occurs every few years.\u00a0 <\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\"> During El Ni\u00f1o, surface temperatures in the equatorial Pacific rise, and trade winds, east-west winds that blow near the Equator, weaken.\u00a0 <\/li>\n<p><a href=\" https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/04-04-2026\/news-in-short-04-04-2026 \" class=\"btn btn-primary btn-sm float-end\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-70858","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70858","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=70858"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70858\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":70868,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70858\/revisions\/70868"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=70858"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=70858"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=70858"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}