{"id":59555,"date":"2025-11-20T19:28:55","date_gmt":"2025-11-20T13:58:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/?p=59555"},"modified":"2025-11-21T14:51:30","modified_gmt":"2025-11-21T09:21:30","slug":"news-in-short-20-november-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/20-11-2025\/news-in-short-20-november-2025","title":{"rendered":"News in Short \u2013 20 November, 2025"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Codex Alimentarius Commission<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Economy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>India has been re-elected to the <strong>Codex Alimentarius Commission&#8217;s Executive Committee <\/strong>for the Asia region during the 48th session, securing this position until the end of CAC50 in 2027.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About Codex Alimentarius Commission<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Established: <\/strong>1963 by FAO and WHO.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Objective:<\/strong> Protect consumer health and promote fair practices in food trade.\u200b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Members: <\/strong>189, including 188 countries and 1 organization (European Union).\u200b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Meetings:<\/strong> Annual sessions rotating between Geneva and Rome.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: TH<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Water Budgeting<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Agriculture<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>NITI Aayog released a report on Water Budgeting in Aspiration Blocks to enhance local water security.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About Water Budgeting<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Water budgeting is a systematic estimation of water availability and water demand across all sectors \u2014 agriculture, households, livestock, industry, and ecology.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Not all blocks face the same problem. Some have low rainfall, some have groundwater depletion, some misuse surface water, some face crop-water mismatch.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It directly supports SDG 6 (Clean Water &amp; Sanitation) and the national push toward water-use efficiency.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It will strengthen decentralised planning under Jal Jeevan Mission, Jal Shakti Abhiyan, and Atal Bhujal Yojana.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: TH<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Cloudflare<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/Science and Technology<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Several of the world\u2019s largest online services, including X, ChatGPT, and numerous websites that depend on <strong>Cloudflare <\/strong>were disrupted recently.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Cloudflare Inc. is a <strong>US-based company<\/strong> that delivers <strong>content delivery network (CDN) services, cybersecurity solutions,<\/strong> and prevention of <strong>distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks, etc.\u00a0<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It takes care of <strong>three things: <\/strong>security, performance, and traffic management.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Security: <\/strong>It protects websites from cyberattacks, particularly DDoS attacks that aim to overwhelm sites with fake traffic. It filters harmful requests much before they can reach a website\u2019s servers.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Performance:<\/strong> Cloudflare accelerates content delivery by storing cached versions of webpages in data centres installed worldwide.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Traffic Management: <\/strong>Cloudflare routes internet traffic efficiently so websites don\u2019t crash in moments of sudden spikes.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/technology\/cloudflare-outage-how-a-latent-bug-triggered-a-global-disruption-of-x-chatgpt-services-explained\/article70296281.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Biological Tilings: New Insights from PNAS Nexus<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/Science<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In a new study, published in PNAS Nexus by researchers in Germany, found that the <strong>prevalence of tilings<\/strong> in nature is surprisingly more widespread.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>The tiles spanned a wide range in size<\/strong> \u2014 from nanometre-scale virus capsids to turtle shell plates tens of centimetres across.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The team thus defined biological tiling as a <strong>repeated arrangement of solid tiles separated by a joint material<\/strong> \u2014 then built a database around this idea.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Tiling<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tiling refers to a <strong>structural pattern<\/strong> where an organism\u2019s body surface or internal structure is made up of repeating, closely fitted pieces called tiles.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>These tiles can be:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mineral plates (e.g., turtle shells, fish scales);<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Protein-based units (e.g., virus capsids);<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sugar-based structures (e.g., plant cell walls);<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Or combinations of these materials.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tiling is nature\u2019s way of building <strong>strong, flexible, and protective surfaces<\/strong> by arranging many small units in a regular, organized pattern, just like how humans use tiles in flooring or roofing.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Functions of biological tilings: <\/strong>Protection (e.g., scales, shells), Flexibility (overlapping tiles), Lightweight strength and Structural support.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/science\/science-for-all-new-atlas-reveals-tiled-bodies-are-common-across-life-on-earth\/article70297360.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Rules Approved Under Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/ Government Initiatives, GS3\/Environment<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Union Agriculture Ministry has approved rules to include crop losses caused by wild animal attacks and paddy inundation under the<strong> Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY)<\/strong>.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Farmers must report crop losses within <strong>72 hours through a dedicated crop insurance app<\/strong>, submitting geo-tagged photos to ensure quick and transparent claim processing.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Launched in 2016 <\/strong>by the Ministry of Agriculture &amp; Farmers\u2019 Welfare as a <strong>Central Sector Scheme.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Provides financial support to farmers suffering crop loss or damage, aiming to stabilize farmer income and ensure agricultural credit flow.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The maximum premium payable by the farmer will be 2% for the Kharif food and oilseed crops. For rabi food and oilseeds crop, it is 1.5% and for yearly commercial or horticultural crops it will be 5%.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Eligible beneficiaries include farmers, sharecroppers, and tenant farmers growing notified crops in notified areas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Premium sharing is 50:50 <\/strong>between Central and State Governments, except for <strong>Northeastern and Himalayan States where it is 90:10.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Benefits<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Comprehensive Coverage:<\/strong> The scheme covers natural disasters (droughts, floods), pests, and diseases. Post-harvest losses due to local risks like hailstorms and landslides are also included.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Timely Compensation<\/strong>: PMFBY aims to process claims within two months of the harvest to ensure that farmers get the compensation quickly, preventing them from falling into debt traps.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Technology-Driven Implementation:<\/strong> PMFBY integrates advanced technologies like satellite imaging, drones, and mobile apps for precise estimation of crop loss, ensuring accurate claim settlements.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Yield Losses (Standing Crops): <\/strong>The Government provides this insurance coverage for yield losses that fall under the non-preventable risks, such as Natural Fire and Lightning: Storm, Hailstorm, Tornado etc.: Flood, Inundation and Landslide; Pests\/ Diseases, etc.; Drought etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source :<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/centre-includes-wild-animal-attacks-paddy-inundation-in-pmfby\/article70295417.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Former Chile President Michelle Bachelet gets Indira Gandhi Peace Prize<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: Miscellaneous<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Michelle Bachelet, the former President of Chile, has been awarded the<strong> Indira Gandhi Peace Prize for 2024.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It\u00a0 is an <strong>annual award<\/strong> established by the<strong> Indira Gandhi Memorial Trust in India.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The prize is named in honor of the <strong>late Prime Minister of India, Indira Gandhi, <\/strong>and it was instituted in <strong>1986.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The award is presented to individuals or organizations that have made <strong>significant contributions<\/strong> to the promotion of international understanding and peace, the development of new international economic order, and the strengthening of democracy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Categories:<\/strong> The award is presented in three categories:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Peace:<\/strong> Recognizes efforts to promote and maintain international peace and security.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Disarmament:<\/strong> Acknowledges contributions to the reduction and elimination of weapons of mass destruction.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Development: <\/strong>Honors work in promoting economic and social development.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The award ceremony typically takes place on <strong>November 19th, <\/strong>the birth anniversary of Indira Gandhi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/india\/former-chile-president-michelle-bachelet-gets-indira-gandhi-peace-prize-10374946\/lite\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>IE<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><strong>In News<\/strong><\/p>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">India has been re-elected to the Codex Alimentarius Commission&#8217;s Executive Committee for the Asia region during the 48th session, securing this position until the end of CAC50 in 2027.<\/li>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>About Codex Alimentarius Commission<\/strong><\/p>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">Established: 1963 by FAO and WHO.<\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">Objective: Protect consumer health and promote fair practices in food trade.\u200b<\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">Members: 189, including 188 countries and 1 organization (European Union).\u200b<\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">Meetings: Annual sessions rotating between Geneva and Rome.<\/li>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/20-11-2025\/news-in-short-20-november-2025\" class=\"btn btn-primary btn-sm float-end\">Read\u00a0More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-59555","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59555","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=59555"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59555\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":59567,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59555\/revisions\/59567"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=59555"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=59555"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=59555"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}