{"id":56912,"date":"2025-10-15T18:48:16","date_gmt":"2025-10-15T13:18:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/?p=56912"},"modified":"2025-10-24T14:51:49","modified_gmt":"2025-10-24T09:21:49","slug":"news-in-short-15-october-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/15-10-2025\/news-in-short-15-october-2025","title":{"rendered":"News in Short \u2013 15 October, 2025"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Nile River<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS1\/ Places In News<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>South Sudan experiencing heavy rains and rising water levels along the Nile River.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About Nile River<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Nile River is a <strong>north-flowing river in Africa<\/strong>, spanning about 6,650 km and draining <strong>into the Mediterranean Sea.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is among the longest rivers on Earth and a vital lifeline for Egypt, Sudan, and South Sudan.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Nile has two main tributaries: the <strong>longer White Nile<\/strong> and the Blue Nile.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The White Nile flows from the Lake Victoria region through Uganda and South Sudan, while the Blue Nile rises from Lake Tana in Ethiopia before meeting the White Nile at Khartoum.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: AIR<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Madagascar<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS1\/Places in News<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Madagascar military unit seized&nbsp; power after the President was impeached for desertion of duty amid weeks of mass protests.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Madagascar<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is an island country lying off the southeastern coast of Africa.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is located in the southwestern Indian Ocean and is separated from the African coast by the 250-mile- (400-km-) wide Mozambique Channel.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img data-dominant-color=\"c5c9c2\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"168\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Madagascar.webp\" alt=\"madagascar\" class=\"not-transparent wp-image-56915\" style=\"--dominant-color: #c5c9c2; width:392px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is an island country of Africa. It is located around 400 km off the coast of East Africa in the Indian Ocean with the nearest mainland African country being Mozambique.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is located in the Southern and Eastern Hemispheres of the Earth.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mauritius and R\u00e9union (territory of France), lie to the east of Madagascar.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source :<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/international\/madagascar-president-dissolves-parliament-ahead-of-ouster-vote\/article70162765.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TH<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>India Elected to UN Human Rights Council<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/IR<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>India has been elected unopposed to the <strong>Human Rights Council for the seventh time<\/strong> for a three-year term (2026-28) starting next year.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Human Rights Council<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>The Human Rights Council<\/strong> is an <strong>intergovernmental body<\/strong> within the United Nations with <strong>47 members.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Council was formed by the General Assembly in <strong>2006<\/strong>, when India was elected to its first term.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>It promotes and protects human rights<\/strong> around the world, reviews the situation in member countries, and provides a forum to discuss issues.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Human Rights Council replaced the<strong> former United Nations Commission on Human Rights.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Elections take place every year<\/strong>. Seats are equitably distributed among the five UN regional groups, with one-third of the members being renewed each year.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Each member serves a three-year term.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Membership is limited to two consecutive terms.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsonair.gov.in\/india-elected-unopposed-to-un-human-rights-council-for-2026-28-term\/#:~:text=8%3A16%20AM-,India%20Elected%20Unopposed%20to%20UN%20Human%20Rights%20Council%20for%202026,%2D28)%20starting%20next%20year.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>AIR<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Dashboard of the Legal Information Management and Briefing System (LIMBS)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/ Judiciary<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Department of Legal Affairs under the Ministry of Law and Justice organized an event to showcase the \u201cLive Cases\u201d Dashboard of the Legal Information Management and Briefing System (LIMBS).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About LIMBS<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The \u201cLive Cases\u201d Dashboard provides real-time visualization of ongoing court cases and upcoming hearings, supporting better inter-ministerial coordination and proactive legal decision-making.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: PIB<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Uttarakhand Eases Marriage registration rules under UCC<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus :GS2\/Governance&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Recently, the Uttarakhand government amended its <strong>Uniform Civil Code (UCC) to allow citizens of Nepali, Bhutanese, and Tibetan<\/strong> origin residing in the state to register their marriages without an Aadhaar card.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Uttarakhand Uniform Civil Code Act, 2024&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It mandates registration of marriages, divorces, and live-in relationships, with penalties for non-compliance, and grants equal property and inheritance rights to women.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Children from live-in relationships are recognized as legitimate under the code.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Act aims to harmonize personal laws governing marriage, divorce, succession, and inheritance across communities.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It mandates that marriages can only be solemnized between mentally competent individuals who meet the legal age requirement\u201421 years for men and 18 years for women\u2014and requires compulsory registration of all marriages within 60 days of solemnization post-implementation.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It also allows for the registration of marriages conducted before March 26, 2010, or outside Uttarakhand, provided certain conditions are met, with a six-month window for compliance.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Applicable<strong> <\/strong>to all residents of Uttarakhand, including those living outside the state.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It excludes tribal communities and bans practices like halala, iddat, and talaq.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Latest Amendments&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Nepali, Bhutanese, and Tibetan&nbsp; can use documents like a citizenship certificate, residence certificate, passport, or valid ID, including certification from the Foreign Registration Officer.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The move acknowledges the deep cultural and historical ties these communities share with Uttarakhand and ensures their inclusion in legal processes.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source :<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/uttarakhand\/uttarakhand-eases-marriage-registration-rules-under-ucc-for-people-of-nepal-bhutan-and-tibet\/article70158884.ece#:~:text=The%20Uttarakhand%20government%20on%20Monday,proof%20to%20register%20their%20marriage.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>How Does the Crew Escape System Work?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Science and Technology<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Gaganyaan mission uses a <strong>Crew Escape System (CES)<\/strong> integrated with the <strong>LVM3 rocket<\/strong> to swiftly separate and safeguard astronauts in case of any launch or ascent emergency.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is the Crew Escape System (CES)?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Crew Escape System is a <strong>specialised safety mechanism<\/strong> designed to quickly <strong>separate the crew module from the launch vehicle<\/strong> during emergencies in the atmospheric phase of flight.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It uses powerful, <strong>quick-acting motors<\/strong> that create enough thrust to pull the crew module away from the launch vehicle within seconds.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Once separated, the crew module is guided to a <strong>safe distance and then slowed down using multiple parachutes<\/strong>, allowing for a safe splashdown in the sea.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img data-dominant-color=\"cedce4\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"759\" height=\"744\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/10\/How-Does-the-Crew-Escape-System-Work.webp\" alt=\" crew escape system\" class=\"not-transparent wp-image-56916\" style=\"--dominant-color: #cedce4; width:427px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/10\/How-Does-the-Crew-Escape-System-Work.webp 759w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/10\/How-Does-the-Crew-Escape-System-Work-300x294.webp 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 759px) 100vw, 759px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Decision System for CES Activation<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The decision to activate the CES in the Gaganyaan mission is managed by ISRO\u2019s <strong>Integrated Vehicle Health Management System (IVHM).<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It continuously monitors rocket systems, engine health, and crew conditions through sensors and onboard computers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If a fault is detected, it automatically triggers the CES within milliseconds to ensure the astronauts\u2019 safety.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Types of Crew Escape Systems<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Puller-Type CES:<\/strong> It is used in <strong>Gaganyaan, Soyuz (Russia), Saturn V (USA)<\/strong>, and <strong>Long March (China)<\/strong> missions. The CES pulls the crew module away from the rocket using escape motors.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Advantage:<\/strong> Simple and reliable, particularly for solid-propellant rockets.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pusher-Type CES:<\/strong> It is used in <strong>SpaceX\u2019s Falcon 9. <\/strong>The module is pushed away using compact, high-thrust liquid-fuel engines.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Advantage:<\/strong> Can be reused and integrated within the spacecraft design.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/science\/how-does-gaganyaans-vital-crew-escape-system-work-explained\/article70164190.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Tipping Point<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Environment<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Warm-water coral reefs have been identified as the world&#8217;s first climate tipping point, according to the Global Tipping Points Report 2025.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is a \u201ctipping point\u201d?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A climate tipping point refers to a threshold beyond which a small change in global temperature can trigger a self-reinforcing and potentially irreversible shift in a natural system.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>For coral reefs, this threshold is estimated to lie between <strong>1\u00b0C and 1.5\u00b0C<\/strong> of warming.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Once exceeded, reefs can rapidly degrade, leading to bleaching, coral death, and transformation into algae-dominated ecosystems.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/toi\"><strong>TOI<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>India\u2019s Wild Elephant Numbers Drop by 18%<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Environment<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>India\u2019s first-ever DNA-based elephant census, conducted under the All-India Synchronous Elephant Estimation (SAIEE) 2025, has revealed a significant 18% decline in the wild elephant population.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The exercise was carried out by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC), Project Elephant, and the Wildlife Institute of India (WII).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Key Findings of SAIEE 2025<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Population Estimate: <\/strong>India\u2019s wild elephant population is now estimated at <strong>22,446, <\/strong>down from 27,312 in 2017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Methodology:<\/strong> The count was based on <strong>DNA fingerprinting<\/strong> of dung samples, enabling the identification of individual elephants, similar to human genetic profiling.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Regional Distribution:<\/strong> The highest elephant population is in the Western Ghats (11,934), followed by the North Eastern Hills and Brahmaputra floodplains (6,559), Shivalik Hills and Gangetic plains (2,062), and Central India and Eastern Ghats (1,891).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Top Five States:<\/strong> Karnataka, Assam, Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Uttarakhand.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#ebecf0\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Asian Elephant<\/strong><br>&#8211; The Asian elephant <strong>(Elephas maximus),<\/strong> is distributed throughout the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia.&nbsp;<br>&#8211; It is the <strong>largest living land animal in Asia<\/strong>. Three subspecies are currently recognised: <strong>the Sri Lankan, the Indian, and the Sumatran elephant.<\/strong><br>&#8211; <strong>Appearance:<\/strong> Smaller than their African counterparts, Asian elephants are easily recognizable by their \u201csmall\u201d rounded ears.&nbsp;<br>1. They often have a <strong>hump on their back, a double-domed head <\/strong>with two humps, and a single \u201cfinger\u201d on their trunk for grasping.&nbsp;<br>&#8211; <strong>IUCN Status: Endangered<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/energy-and-environment\/indias-wild-elephant-numbers-drop-by-18-first-dna-based-count-shows\/article70163088.ece#:~:text=India&#039;\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><strong>In News<\/strong><\/p>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">South Sudan experiencing heavy rains and rising water levels along the Nile River.<\/li>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>About Nile River<\/strong><\/p>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">The Nile River is a north-flowing river in Africa, spanning about 6,650 km and draining into the Mediterranean Sea.<\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">It is among the longest rivers on Earth and a vital lifeline for Egypt, Sudan, and South Sudan.<\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">The Nile has two main tributaries: the longer White Nile and the Blue Nile.<\/li>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/uncategorized\/15-10-2025\/news-in-short-15-october-2025\" class=\"btn btn-primary btn-sm float-end\">Read\u00a0More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-56912","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56912","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=56912"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56912\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":56950,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56912\/revisions\/56950"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=56912"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=56912"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=56912"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}