{"id":56725,"date":"2025-10-13T22:44:40","date_gmt":"2025-10-13T17:14:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/?p=56725"},"modified":"2025-10-24T14:57:25","modified_gmt":"2025-10-24T09:27:25","slug":"news-in-short-13-october-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/13-10-2025\/news-in-short-13-october-2025","title":{"rendered":"News in Short \u2013 13 October, 2025"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Thitu Island<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS1\/ Geography, GS2\/ International Relations<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A Chinese coast guard ship and a Philippine government vessel collided near<strong> Thitu Island, part<\/strong> of the <strong>Spratly Islands.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About the Spratly Islands<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Spratly Islands are a group of over <strong>100 small islands, reefs, and atolls<\/strong> located in the <strong>South China Sea.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Thitu Island<\/strong>, also known as <strong>Pag-asa Island,<\/strong> is the <strong>second-largest<\/strong> naturally occurring island in the Spratly Islands archipelago within the South China Sea.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA)<\/strong> in <strong>The Hague<\/strong> ruled that China\u2019s <strong>\u201cNine-Dash Line\u201d<\/strong> has no legal basis under the<strong> United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and <\/strong>it<strong> <\/strong>had violated the Philippines\u2019 sovereign rights within its EEZ.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>However, China has refused to recognize the decision.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img data-dominant-color=\"7cba93\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Thitu-Island-1024x576.webp\" alt=\"Thitu Island\" class=\"not-transparent wp-image-56728\" style=\"--dominant-color: #7cba93; width:522px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Thitu-Island-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Thitu-Island-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Thitu-Island-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Thitu-Island.webp 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#ebecf0\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>South China Sea<\/strong><br>&#8211; It is a marginal sea of the <strong>Western Pacific Ocean.\u00a0<\/strong><br>&#8211; It is located between <strong>southern China, Taiwan, the Philippines, Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand, Cambodia and Malaysia.<\/strong><br>&#8211; It is a crucial maritime gateway and junction for shipping between the <strong>Pacific and Indian Oceans.<\/strong><br><strong>Dispute in South China Sea<\/strong><br>&#8211; Southeast Asian countries like<strong> China, Vietnam, the Philippines, Brunei, Malaysia and Taiwan<\/strong> have had disputes over the contentious South China Sea region for centuries.<br>&#8211; The two primary points of contention are: The <strong>Spratly Islands<\/strong> and the <strong>Paracel Islands<\/strong> in the sea.<br>&#8211; <strong>Nine-dash line: <\/strong>China stakes claim to most of the region and at the heart of this claim is the U-shaped \u2018<strong>nine-dash line\u2019<\/strong> that includes as much as <strong>90 percent<\/strong> of these waters.\u00a0<br>1. This dotted line was adopted from Chinese maps in the 1940s, and represents Beijing\u2019s claim over the sea and all the land features that are contained within the line.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsonair.gov.in\/chinese-philippine-vessels-collide-near-spratly-islands-amid-renewed-tensions\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>AIR&nbsp;<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Durand Line<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS1\/Geography; GS2\/IR<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Border clashes erupted between Afghanistan and Pakistan along the Durand Line.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About the Durand Line<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The <strong>Durand Line<\/strong> is a 2,640<strong> km <\/strong>land border established in <strong>1893<\/strong> following an agreement between <strong>Sir Mortimer Durand<\/strong>, then Foreign Secretary of British India, and <strong>Amir Abdur Rahman Khan<\/strong>, the ruler of Afghanistan.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The line was intended to define the spheres of influence between <strong>British India and Afghanistan<\/strong>, effectively splitting ethnic Pashtun and Baloch communities between the two sides.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img data-dominant-color=\"e8e3e0\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"211\" height=\"239\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Durand-Line-pic.webp\" alt=\"Durand Line\" class=\"not-transparent wp-image-56729\" style=\"--dominant-color: #e8e3e0; width:335px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.businesstoday.in\/world\/story\/durand-line-erupts-again-a-132-year-old-bitter-legacy-fuels-new-afghanistan-pakistan-conflict-497868-2025-10-12\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">BT<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Thalassemia<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/Health<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Thalassemia patients in Kerala are facing serious health risks due to a shortage of leukocyte filter sets and iron chelation drugs.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#ebecf0\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Do you know?<\/strong><br>&#8211; The <strong>leukocyte filter,<\/strong> essential for preventing adverse reactions during blood transfusions, are unavailable in many government hospitals, causing patients to limit transfusions and resulting in dangerously low haemoglobin levels.\u00a0<br>&#8211; <strong>Iron chelation drugs<\/strong>, needed to prevent organ damage from iron overload due to transfusions, have reportedly been unavailable for about a year.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Thalassemia<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Thalassemia is a <strong>group of inherited blood disorders <\/strong>characterised by the body\u2019s inability to produce adequate amounts of haemoglobin, the protein found in red blood cells that is responsible for carrying oxygen.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It leads to anemia and symptoms like fatigue and weakness.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is classified into alpha and beta thalassemia, with severity ranging from mild to life-threatening.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is managed through <strong>regular blood transfusions and iron chelation therapy.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Governments Steps\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Union Health Ministry, in partnership with Coal India Limited, runs the <strong>Thalassemia Bal Sewa Yojana (TBSY)<\/strong>, providing up to Rs. 10 lakh financial aid to eligible patients for bone marrow transplants (BMT) at 17 empanelled hospitals nationwide, funded through CIL&#8217;s CSR.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Under the <strong>National Health Mission<\/strong>, States and UTs receive support to enhance healthcare services, including Thalassemia prevention and management, blood banks, day care centers, medicines, lab services, awareness programs, and staff training, based on their submitted plans.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source :<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/kerala\/thalassemia-patients-flag-shortage-of-leukocyte-filter-sets-iron-chelation-drugs\/article70155437.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TH<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Maitri II: India\u2019s New Frontier in Antarctica<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Science &amp; Technology<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Ministry of Finance has approved the establishment of Maitri II, India\u2019s upcoming research station in eastern Antarctica, to be completed by January 2029.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>India\u2019s Antarctic Presence<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In <strong>1983,<\/strong> India established the first permanent base in Antarctica named Dakshin Gangotri. However it is no longer in operation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>India presently has two research stations at Antarctica namely <strong>\u2018Maitri\u2019<\/strong> and <strong>\u2018Bharati\u2019.\u00a0<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Maitri:<\/strong> It has been in operation since 1989 and is located in a rocky mountainous region known as <strong>Schirmacher Oasis in Queen Maud Land<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Bharati:<\/strong> The new station was <strong>commissioned<\/strong> in <strong>2012<\/strong>. It is located between <strong>Thala Fjord &amp; Quilty bay,<\/strong> east of Stornes Peninsula in Antarctica.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About Maitri II<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nodal Agency:<\/strong> National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research (NCPOR), Goa.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Estimated Cost: <\/strong>\u20b92,000 crore over seven years.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Location:<\/strong> Eastern Antarctica, near the <strong>Schirmacher Oasis<\/strong>, replacing the aging Maitri station.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Green Research Base: <\/strong>Designed to operate on renewable energy sources, solar during summer and wind energy year-round, reducing dependence on fossil fuels.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/india\/decks-cleared-for-maitri-ii-india-set-to-chart-new-frontiers-in-antarcticas-icy-wilderness-10303286\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>IE<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>International Blue Flag Certification<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Environment<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Five beaches in Maharashtra have received the <strong>international Blue Flag certification.\u00a0<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The list includes Shrivardhan and Nagaon beaches, Parnaka, and Guhagar and Ladghar beaches.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is Blue Flag Certification?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Blue Flag is a <strong>globally recognized eco-label for beaches<\/strong>, marinas, and sustainable boating operators that meet strict environmental, safety, educational, and accessibility standards, often termed the gold standard of beach cleanliness.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is <strong>administered by the Foundation for Environmental Education (FEE<\/strong>), a Denmark-based non-profit recognized by <strong>UNEP and UNESCO.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>India implements<strong> Blue Flag under BEAMS <\/strong>(Beach Environment &amp; Aesthetics Management Services) within the <strong>Integrated Coastal Zone Management Programme.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The nodal agency In India is the Society of Integrated Coastal Management (SICOM) under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Blue Flag beaches in India (2025)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>India has 12 certified beaches<\/strong>: Shivrajpur (Gujarat), Ghoghla (Diu), Kasarkod (Karnataka), Padubidri (Karnataka), Kappad (Kerala), Rushikonda (Andhra Pradesh), Golden Beach\/Puri (Odisha), Radhanagar (Andaman &amp; Nicobar Islands), Kovalam (Tamil Nadu), Eden Beach (Puducherry), Minicoy Thundi (Lakshadweep), and Kadmat (Lakshadweep).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: AIR<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>IUCN World Heritage Outlook 2025<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Environment<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The<strong> IUCN World Heritage Outlook 4<\/strong> revealed a <strong>worrying global environmental trend <\/strong>that climate change has emerged as the greatest threat to natural <strong>World Heritage sites.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Key Points<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The report finds that <strong>43% of sites face severe climate threats, while invasive alien species affect 30%<\/strong>, and wildlife and plant diseases are rising sharply, now impacting 9% of sites, up from just 2% in 2020.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Overall positive conservation outlook dropped from <strong>62% (2020) to 57% (2025)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Khangchendzonga National Park <\/strong>is the only site rated <strong>\u201cGood\u201d in conservation outlook.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sundarbans National Park<\/strong> has deteriorated from <strong>\u201cGood with Some Concerns\u201d (2020) to \u201cSignificant Concern\u201d (2025)<\/strong> due to sea-level rise, salinity, and cyclones.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Manas National Park <\/strong>is in significant Concern category persists due to poaching and encroachment.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: TH<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Exercise AUSTRAHIND 2025<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/Defence<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The <strong>4th edition of Exercise AUSTRAHIND 2025<\/strong> began in Australia.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About the Exercise<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>AUSTRAHIND<\/strong>, launched in <strong>2022<\/strong> in <strong>Rajasthan<\/strong>, has evolved into an <strong>annual bilateral military exercise<\/strong>, held alternately in <strong>India and Australia<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The 2025 edition focuses on <strong>joint company-level operations<\/strong> in <strong>open and semi-desert terrain<\/strong>, including <strong>joint planning, tactical drills, and special arms skills<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2178040#:~:text=The%20annual%20Exercise%20AUSTRAHIND%202025,in%20urban%2F%20semi%20urban%20terrain.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>PIB<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Kenton R. Miller Award<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: Miscellaneous<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Dr <strong>Sonali Ghosh<\/strong>, Field Director of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/kaziranga-national-park\/\"><strong>Kaziranga National Park<\/strong><\/a> became the <strong>first Indian<\/strong> to receive the prestigious <strong>WCPA-Kenton Miller Award<\/strong> at the <strong>IUCN World Conservation Congress<\/strong> held in <strong>Abu Dhabi, UAE<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About Kenton R. Miller Award<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Established in <strong>2006<\/strong>, the Kenton R. Miller Award for Innovation in National Parks and Protected Area Sustainability is presented <strong>every two years<\/strong> by the <strong>World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA)<\/strong>.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>WCPA is one of the six technical commissions of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The award honors individuals who demonstrate innovation and leadership in conserving national parks and protected areas, particularly in ensuring their long-term sustainability.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>award is named after Dr. Kenton R. Miller<\/strong>, a former IUCN Director General and a prominent global leader in protected area management.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/energy-and-environment\/kaziranga-director-becomes-first-indian-to-receive-iucn-award-for-innovation-in-national-parks\/article70154724.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TH<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Abel Prize 2025<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: Miscellaneous<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Japanese mathematician Masaki Kashiwara<\/strong> was awarded the<strong> Abel Prize 2025<\/strong> for contributions to algebraic analysis and representation theory.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Contributions of Masaki Kashiwara\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>He pioneered the theory of <strong>D-modules<\/strong>, an algebraic framework to study systems of linear partial differential equations (PDEs).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>He developed tools like <strong>microsupport and characteristic varieties<\/strong>, which reveal how singularities in equations propagate.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>His work on <strong>sheaf theory<\/strong>, deepened understanding of how local analytical data connects to global geometric structure.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About Abel Prize<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Abel Prize is an international award recognizing outstanding scientific work in mathematics, often considered the equivalent of a <strong>Nobel Prize for mathematicians.\u00a0<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is named in honor of the 19th-century Norwegian mathematician <strong>Niels Henrik Abel.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Awarded by:<\/strong> The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters on behalf of the Government of Norway.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Selection process: <\/strong>An expert committee of <strong>five internationally recognized mathematicians <\/strong>recommends the laureate(s) to the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The prize was established<\/strong> by the Norwegian Parliament in<strong> 2002<\/strong> and first awarded in<strong> 2003.<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It can be awarded to mathematicians of any age and nationality.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Some Notable Laureates<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Jean-Pierre Serre:<\/strong>\u00a0 <strong>First laureate (2003) <\/strong>for contributions in algebraic geometry and topology.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Srinivasa S. R. Varadhan:<\/strong> Indian-origin mathematician, won in <strong>2007.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Michel Talagrand (France)<\/strong> For contributions to probability theory and functional analysis won in <strong>2024.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/science\/abel-laureate-masaki-kashiwara-changed-how-algebra-meets-analysis\/article70154469.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Context<\/strong><\/p>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">A Chinese coast guard ship and a Philippine government vessel collided near Thitu Island, part of the Spratly Islands.<\/li>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><strong>About the Spratly Islands<\/strong><\/p>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">The Spratly Islands are a group of over 100 small islands, reefs, and atolls located in the South China Sea.<\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">Thitu Island, also known as Pag-asa Island, is the second-largest naturally occurring island in the Spratly Islands archipelago within the South China Sea.<\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">The Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) in The Hague ruled that China\u2019s \u201cNine-Dash Line\u201d has no legal basis under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and it had violated the Philippines\u2019 sovereign rights within its EEZ.<\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">However, China has refused to recognize the decision.<\/li>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/13-10-2025\/news-in-short-13-october-2025\" class=\"btn btn-primary btn-sm float-end\">Read\u00a0More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":56688,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-56725","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/10\/upsc-news-in-short-13-october-2025.png","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56725","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=56725"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56725\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":56738,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56725\/revisions\/56738"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/56688"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=56725"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=56725"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=56725"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}