{"id":51866,"date":"2025-08-21T21:15:38","date_gmt":"2025-08-21T15:45:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/?p=51866"},"modified":"2025-08-23T15:31:50","modified_gmt":"2025-08-23T10:01:50","slug":"news-in-short-21-august-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/21-08-2025\/news-in-short-21-august-2025","title":{"rendered":"News In Short 21-August-2025"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Vice-President of India<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/Polity and Governance<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The BJP-led NDA and the Congress-led Opposition parties have announced their respective candidates for the post of the Vice-President of India.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Article 66<\/strong> of the Indian Constitution deals with the <strong>election of the Vice-President\u00a0 overseen by the Election Commission.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Vice-President is elected by an <strong>Electoral College<\/strong> comprising members of both Houses of Parliament, including nominated members.<strong> State legislatures play no role in this election.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Procedure:<\/strong> The election is conducted by secret ballot, using the <strong>single transferable vote (STV) system<\/strong> of proportional representation. Each MP ranks the candidates in order of preference (1, 2, 3, etc).\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A candidate must secure a<strong> majority quota<\/strong> (more than half the total valid votes) to win.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If no candidate achieves this on first preferences, the <strong>candidate with the fewest votes is eliminated<\/strong> and their votes transferred based on next preferences. This continues until one candidate crosses the threshold.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Term of Office (Article 67):\u00a0<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>5 years from the date he enters office.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Eligible for re-election any number of times.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Continues to hold office until successor enters office.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/opinion\/editorial\/making-a-point-on-the-election-of-the-vice-president\/article69956065.ece\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Pseudomonas Aeruginosa<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus :GS2\/Health&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Researchers from Germany found that the deadly bacterium <strong>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/strong> show<strong>s bistable expression of the glpD gen<\/strong>e .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pseudomonas is a group of <strong>bacteria commonly found in the environment, like in soil and water.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The most common type causing infections among humans is <strong>Pseudomonas aeruginosa which <\/strong>is a gram-negative, aerobic, non-spore forming rod that is capable of causing a variety of infections.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>P. aeruginosa<\/strong> can cause infections in the<strong> blood, lungs (pneumonia), urinary tract, or other parts of the body after surgery.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Outcomes of Recent Research\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pseudomonas aeruginosa exhibits bistable expression\u2014meaning its <strong>activity varies significantly among genetically identical cells.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This variation affects the bacterium\u2019s ability to cause infections, shown by tests on moth larvae and mouse immune cells.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The study suggests targeting this gene\u2019s variable expression could help combat P. aeruginosa infections, a major concern in hospitals.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source : <a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/ccidist-ws\/th\/th_international\/issues\/144849\/OPS\/GQ1EOS14H.1+GK9EPVAU3.1.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">TH<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>37 supercomputers with 40 Petaflops Computing Power installed Under NSM<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Science and Technology<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>National Supercomputing Mission Powers India\u2019s Research Ecosystem with 37 supercomputers with a total computing power of 40 Petaflops.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>National Supercomputing Mission (NSM)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The National Supercomputing Mission (NSM) was initiated in<strong> April 2015<\/strong> with a budget outlay of <strong>Rs.4,500 crore.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Its vision is to achieve <strong>self-reliance and global leadership<\/strong> in supercomputing by giving access to state-of-the-art supercomputing facilities to researchers, and enhancing global competitiveness in key areas of supercomputing technologies.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The NSM is being<strong> jointly implemented<\/strong> by the <strong>Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY)<\/strong> and the <strong>Department of Science and Technology (DST)<\/strong> through Centre for Development of Advanced Computing(C-DAC), Pune and Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Indigenous Technological Achievements<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>India has developed end-to-end capabilities in designing, developing, and manufacturing HPC hardware and software stacks.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>PARAM Rudra:<\/strong> Deployed at GMRT Pune, IUAC Delhi, and S.N. Bose Centre Kolkata.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Built with Rudra servers, the first indigenously designed HPC-class servers at par with global standards.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Strengthens local electronics manufacturing under Atmanirbhar Bharat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Trinetra Network:<\/strong> High-speed interconnect achieving 40\u2013100 Gbps, enabling faster communication between computing nodes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>PARAM Shavak:<\/strong> A compact desktop supercomputer designed for educational and research institutions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2158517\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>PIB<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>International Solar Alliance (ISA)\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus :GS3\/Environment&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The International Solar Alliance (ISA) will establish 17 centres of excellence globally and a Global Capability Centre in India to serve as a \u201cSilicon Valley for solar\u201d by the end of 2025.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>These centres will offer training, testing, and startup support, with potential expansion to 50.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>International Solar Alliance<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is a global initiative launched in <strong>2015 by India and France at COP21 in Paris.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It has<strong> 123 Member and Signatory Countries.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is <strong>headquartered <\/strong>at <strong>Gurugram in India.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It partners with global institutions to deploy solar solutions, especially in Least Developed Countries and Small Island Developing States, aiming to provide clean, affordable energy and drive sustainable development.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u00a0India has installed 119 GW of solar capacity as of July 2025.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Objectives\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It\u00a0 aims to boost <strong>solar energy adoption globally by 2030<\/strong>, reduce technology and financing costs, and promote solar use across sectors like agriculture, health, transport, and power.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It supports solar-friendly policies, standardisation, investment mobilization, and training.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source : TH<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>India Successfully Test-Fires Agni-5 Intermediate-Range Ballistic Missile<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Defence<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>India recently carried out a successful launch of the <strong>Agni-5 ballistic missile<\/strong> under the command of the <strong>Strategic Forces Command (SFC).\u00a0<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Strategic Forces Command (SFC) <\/strong>is a part o<strong>f India\u2019s Nuclear Command Authority (NCA) <\/strong>responsible for the management, training, and operational deployment of India\u2019s tactical and strategic nuclear weapons arsenal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About Agni-5 Missile<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Type: <\/strong>Nuclear-capable<strong> Surface-to-Surface Ballistic Missile (SSBM)<\/strong>.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>SSBM Powered by rockets initially, but follow an unpowered ballistic trajectory after burnout, arching upwards before descending onto the target.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Range:<\/strong> Over 5,000 km, placing it in the category of Intermediate Range Ballistic Missiles (IRBM).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Propulsion: <\/strong>Three-stage solid-fuel engine.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Developer:<\/strong> Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Programme Link:<\/strong> Part of the Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP), under which other missiles like Prithvi, Trishul, Nag, and Akash were also developed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>MIRV Capability: <\/strong>Can be equipped with Multiple Independently Targetable Re-entry Vehicles (MIRVs), enabling a single missile to carry and deliver multiple warheads at different targets.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Strategic Status:<\/strong> Puts India in the elite club of nations like the US, Russia, China, and France, which possess similar missile technology.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/science\/india-successfully-test-fires-agni-5-ballistic-missile-from-odisha\/article69956842.ece\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Exercise Samanvay Shakti 2025<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus :GS3\/Defence<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Indian Army has initiated <strong>Exercise Samanvay Shakti 2025<\/strong>\u00a0 in Tinsukia district of Assam.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Exercise Samanvay Shakti 2025<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is\u00a0 a landmark collaboration with state officials of Assam &amp; Manipur to foster efficient cooperation, cohesion and mutual understanding.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is a 10 day<strong>\u00a0 Military-Civil Integration Exercise <\/strong>which aims at fostering synergy between security forces, government departments and civil institutions to address the region\u2019s complex challenges through a unified and coordinated approach.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Participation:\u00a0 <\/strong>\u00a0The Indian Army, Indian Air Force, District Administration, Police, Intelligence Agencies, NDRF, SDRF, Medical Officials, BRO &amp; GREF, Railways, educational institutions and security officials from OIL India, IOCL and Coal India alongwith representatives of the local media.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source :Air<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Rugby-centric Bronco Test<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: Miscellaneous<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The BCCI has reportedly introduced a <strong>rugby-centric Bronco fitness test<\/strong> for Indian players in an effort to ensure consistently high fitness standards.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It will now be used alongside the established <strong>Yo-Yo test and 2-kilometer time trial<\/strong> to assess players&#8217; readiness for international competition.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The Bronco Test<\/strong> is a high-intensity aerobic running drill designed to measure a player&#8217;s stamina, speed, and cardiovascular conditioning.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It involves shuttle runs of 20, 40, and 60 meters, the goal is to finish the test within six minutes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The Yo-Yo Test<\/strong> has been a key component of India&#8217;s fitness regime since 2017, it involves running between two cones placed 20 metres apart, with the pace increasing at each level.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Players are allowed a 10-second recovery period after every 40-metre run. To pass, a minimum score of<strong> 17.1 is required.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>While the Yo-Yo Test<\/strong> focuses on interval recovery and agility, the Bronco Test is designed to assess continuous aerobic endurance.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Together, the two tests offer a<strong> more comprehensive assessment<\/strong> of a player&#8217;s overall fitness.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>2 KM Time Trial:<\/strong> The BCCI also continues to utilise a 2-kilometre time trial, with specific benchmarks set for different roles: fast bowlers must complete it in 8 minutes 15 seconds.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/sports\/cricket\/indian-cricket-bronco-test-fast-bowlers-bcci-10201572\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>IE<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<h3><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">The BJP-led NDA and the Congress-led Opposition parties have announced their respective candidates for the post of the Vice-President of India.<\/li>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">Article 66 of the Indian Constitution deals with the election of the Vice-President\u00a0 overseen by the Election Commission.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">The Vice-President is elected by an Electoral College comprising members of both Houses of Parliament, including nominated members. State legislatures play no role in this election.<\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">Procedure: The election is conducted by secret ballot, using the single transferable vote (STV) system of proportional representation. Each MP ranks the candidates in order of preference (1, 2, 3, etc).<\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">A candidate must secure a majority quota (more than half the total valid votes) to win.\u00a0<\/li>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/21-08-2025\/news-in-short-21-august-2025\" class=\"btn btn-primary btn-sm float-end\">Read\u00a0More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-51866","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51866","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=51866"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51866\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":51876,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51866\/revisions\/51876"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=51866"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=51866"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=51866"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}