{"id":48589,"date":"2025-07-18T21:40:22","date_gmt":"2025-07-18T16:10:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/?p=48589"},"modified":"2025-07-19T16:26:00","modified_gmt":"2025-07-19T10:56:00","slug":"china-green-energy-transformation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/18-07-2025\/china-green-energy-transformation","title":{"rendered":"China\u2019s Green Energy Transformation"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/Energy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>China\u2019s transformation from the world\u2019s largest polluter to a global clean energy superpower is the result of decades of strategic planning, massive state investment, and technological dominance across the renewable energy supply chain.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About the Green Energy<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It has emerged as a cornerstone of sustainable development, as the world confronts the climate crisis.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It refers to <strong>energy generated<\/strong> from <strong>natural, renewable sources<\/strong> that have minimal environmental impact and produce little to no greenhouse gas emissions.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>These sources include <strong>solar energy, wind energy, hydropower, biomass<\/strong> and geothermal energy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Global Landscape<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Globally, renewables provided 40.9% of electricity in 2024 \u2014 the highest share since the 1940s.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Solar alone added 474 TWh, making it the fastest-growing source for the 20th consecutive year.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The US and EU are investing billions to reshore clean energy industries.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Brazil and Germany are expanding bioenergy and offshore wind.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Africa is emerging as a new frontier, with China leading nuclear and solar investments.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>China\u2019s Green Energy Revolution<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>China, once the world\u2019s largest emitter, has rapidly transformed into a clean energy superpower \u2014 reshaping global supply chains, investment flows, and technological leadership.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Policy &amp; Legal Framework:<\/strong> 11th Five-Year Plan (2006\u20132010); Renewable Energy Law (2005).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Massive Investment:<\/strong> $940 billion in renewables in 2024, up from $10.7 billion in 2006.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs): <\/strong>Entities like State Grid and Huaneng execute national plans with speed and scale.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>China\u2019s SOEs account for 55% of global renewable energy investment, turning clean energy into a tool of statecraft.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Global Supply Chain Dominance:<\/strong> From raw material extraction <strong>(polysilicon, lithium)<\/strong> to manufacturing and exports, China has <strong>consolidated control over every stage<\/strong> of clean energy production.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Using Next-Gen Tech: <\/strong>China is focusing on next-gen technologies like <strong>AI-powered smart grids, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/29-04-2025\/green-hydrogen-production\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/29-04-2025\/green-hydrogen-production\">Green hydrogen<\/a>, and Thorium-based nuclear reactors<\/strong> in its renewable energy push.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Export Strategy: <\/strong>Through the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), China builds solar parks, wind farms, and hydropower stations across 61 countries.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>India\u2019s Learning From China\u2019s Green Energy Success<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Reducing Import Dependence:<\/strong> India slashed solar module imports from China by 76% in 2023.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Imposed 40% customs duty on solar modules and 25% on solar cells;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Boosted domestic manufacturing through the PLI scheme for solar and batteries;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Strengthening Grid and Storage:<\/strong> Recognizing China\u2019s early grid bottlenecks, India is investing in:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Green Energy Corridors;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Battery storage systems;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pumped hydro projects (51 GW expected by 2032).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Decentralized and Inclusive Growth:<\/strong> Unlike China\u2019s centralized SOE model, India is promoting:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Rooftop solar through PM Surya Ghar Yojana;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Agri-PV and PM-KUSUM for rural solar deployment;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hybrid tenders combining solar, wind, and storage for grid stability.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Critical Minerals and Technology Independence:<\/strong> India is formulating a critical minerals framework to reduce reliance on China for lithium, cobalt, and rare earths.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Exempted 12 critical minerals and 35 capital goods from import duties to support domestic innovation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img data-dominant-color=\"d9c175\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"661\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/07\/india-emerging-renewable-superpower-661x1024.png\" alt=\"india emerging renewable superpower\" class=\"not-transparent wp-image-48591\" style=\"--dominant-color: #d9c175; width:329px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/07\/india-emerging-renewable-superpower-661x1024.png 661w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/07\/india-emerging-renewable-superpower-194x300.png 194w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/07\/india-emerging-renewable-superpower-768x1189.png 768w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/07\/india-emerging-renewable-superpower-992x1536.png 992w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/07\/india-emerging-renewable-superpower.png 1289w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 661px) 100vw, 661px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/business\/Industry\/how-is-china-leading-the-green-energy-sector\/article69822897.ece\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Source: TH<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<h3><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">China\u2019s transformation from the world\u2019s largest polluter to a global clean energy superpower is the result of decades of strategic planning, massive state investment, and technological dominance across the renewable energy supply chain.<\/li>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3><strong>About the Green Energy<\/strong><\/h3>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">It has emerged as a cornerstone of sustainable development, as the world confronts the climate crisis.<\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">It refers to energy generated from natural, renewable sources that have minimal environmental impact and produce little to no greenhouse gas emissions.<\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">These sources include solar energy, wind energy, hydropower, biomass and geothermal energy.<\/li>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/18-07-2025\/china-green-energy-transformation\" class=\"btn btn-primary btn-sm float-end\">Read\u00a0More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-48589","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48589","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=48589"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48589\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":48652,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48589\/revisions\/48652"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=48589"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=48589"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=48589"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}