{"id":48302,"date":"2025-07-16T20:44:45","date_gmt":"2025-07-16T15:14:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/?p=48302"},"modified":"2025-08-05T15:01:28","modified_gmt":"2025-08-05T09:31:28","slug":"news-in-short-16-07-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/16-07-2025\/news-in-short-16-07-2025","title":{"rendered":"News In Short-16-07-2025"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Thiru K. Kamaraj<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS1\/History<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Prime Minister Narendra Modi paid homage to Thiru K. Kamaraj Ji on his birth anniversary.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Thiru K. Kamaraj<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Kumaraswami Kamaraj was born in Tamil Nadu on July 15, <strong>1903<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>His early life was shaped by the Jallianwala Bagh massacre and meeting Mahatma Gandhi, which inspired him to join the freedom movement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>He became active in the<strong> Indian National Congress, participating in non-cooperation and Salt Satyagraha movements<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>He was elected <strong>unopposed to the Madras Legislative Assembly in 1937<\/strong> and re-elected in <strong>1946<\/strong>.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>That same year, he was also elected to the Constituent Assembly of India and later to Parliament in 1952.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Other Political roles&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Kamaraj became the Chief Minister of Madras in 1954.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In <strong>1963<\/strong>, he proposed to Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru that senior Congress leaders should resign from ministerial posts to focus on strengthening the party organisation.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>This initiative became known as the \u2018Kamaraj Plan.\u2019<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In recognition of his service to the nation, he was posthumously awarded <strong>Bharat Ratna in 1976.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Legacy&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>He was at the forefront of India\u2019s freedom struggle and provided invaluable leadership in the formative years of our journey after Independence.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>His noble ideals and emphasis on social justice inspire us all greatly.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source :PIB<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Spinning of Earth<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS1\/Geography<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Earth is expected to spin slightly faster on July 9, July 22, and August 5, 2025, shortening each day by 1.3 to 1.51 milliseconds.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Spinning of Earth<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Earth spins on an imaginary axis passing through the North Pole, its center of mass, and the South Pole.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The earth rotates on its axis from west to east completing a rotation in 23 hours and 56 minutes.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This axis shifts naturally due to changing mass distribution inside and on the planet \u2014 a phenomenon called polar motion.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Historically, Earth\u2019s rotation has slowed over billions of years due to the moon moving away, lengthening our days.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>However, recent years have shown variability, with 2020 seeing the fastest rotations since the 1970s and the shortest recorded day on July 5, 2024.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img data-dominant-color=\"d2dade\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #d2dade;\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"245\" height=\"274\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Spinning-of-Earth.png\" alt=\"spinning of earth- thiru k. kamaraj\" class=\"not-transparent wp-image-48303\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Factors like mantle circulation, ocean currents, and hurricanes contribute to this shift, which can vary by several meters each year.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Human activities, particularly climate change, also influence polar motion.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Studies in 2016 and 2021 found that melting glaciers and ice in Greenland and related water mass redistribution have accelerated the axis drift since the 1990s.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Impacts&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Although days may vary by milliseconds, our clocks remain unchanged, since only a 900-millisecond difference would require adjusting time zones.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>These differences are tracked by the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS), which adds &#8220;leap seconds&#8221; when needed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source :IE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Furlough &amp; Parole<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/Polity and Governance<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Context<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Delhi High Court ruled that prison authorities can<strong> decide on parole or furlough requests <\/strong>of convicts whose appeals are pending in the Supreme Court.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In India, parole and furlough are<strong> two forms of temporary release granted to prisoners under specific circumstances.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Parole is generally granted by the <strong>Divisional Commissioner,<\/strong> while furlough is granted by the <strong>Deputy Inspector General of Prisons.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Parole<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Parole <\/strong>is a conditional release granted to a prisoner <strong>for a specific purpose or emergency for a short duration<\/strong>. It is not a right, but a<strong> privilege<\/strong> granted under defined conditions.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is granted to maintain social relations with family and the community in order to fulfil familial and social obligations and responsibilities.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The prisoner has to spend extra time in prison for the period spent by him outside the Jail on parole.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Parole may be of the following two types: <\/strong>Emergency Parole and Regular Parole.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Legal Framework: <\/strong>Governed by<strong> State Prison Rules<\/strong> (as prison is a State subject under the Seventh Schedule of the Constitution).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Furlough in India<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Furlough <\/strong>means release of a prisoner for a short period of time after a gap of a certain qualified number of years of incarceration by way of motivation for him maintaining good conduct and remain disciplined in the prison.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>This is purely an <strong>incentive for good conduct in the prison.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Therefore the period spent by the prisoner outside the prison on furlough <strong>shall be counted towards his sentence.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Legal Basis: <\/strong>Also governed by State Prison Rules, and varies slightly between states.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Under trial prisoners are not eligible<\/strong> for regular parole and furlough, and may be released only on emergency parole, that too by the order of the concerned trial court.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/cities\/delhi\/no-bail-for-ghaziabad-pastor-aide-arrested-for-religious-conversion-10128956\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>IE<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Indian Council of Agricultural Research<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/ Governance, GS3\/ Agriculture<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The 97th foundation of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) organised was observed recently.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About ICAR<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is an <strong>autonomous body<\/strong> under the <strong>Department of Agricultural Research and Education (DARE),<\/strong> Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Government of India.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ICAR is the apex body for coordinating, guiding, and managing research and education in agriculture and allied sectors in India.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Established<\/strong> in <strong>1929,<\/strong> it was earlier known as the <strong>Imperial Council of Agricultural Research<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>It is headquartered<\/strong> at NASC Complex, <strong>New Delhi.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Major Initiatives in 2024\u201325<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Global Centre of Excellence on Millets (Shree Anna):<\/strong> Promoting millets globally in line with the International Year of Millets 2023 legacy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Genome Editing in 40 Crops: <\/strong>Enhancing climate resilience, pest resistance, and nutritional value.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Clean Plant Programme:<\/strong> Operational in 9 centres to ensure disease-free planting material.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>MAHARISHI (Millets and Other Ancient Grains International Research Initiative): <\/strong>Preserving traditional grains.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>All India Network Project on Biotech Crops and Emerging Pests: <\/strong>Strengthening research against climate-induced pest outbreaks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2144934\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>PIB<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Statathon: A Data Journey Towards Viksit Bharat<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/ Governance<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The National Statistical Office (NSO), in collaboration with the Ministry of Education\u2019s Innovation Cell, has launched a national-level grand challenge titled <strong>\u201cStatathon \u2013 A Data Journey Towards Viksit Bharat.<\/strong>\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Statathon is designed to harness emerging technologies and innovative solutions to transform the landscape of official statistics in India.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Organised under the aegis of <strong>MoSPI\u2019s Data Innovation Lab (DI Lab) initiative,<\/strong> the Statathon marks an important milestone in the commemoration of 75 years of the National Sample Survey (NSS).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The challenge invites participation to address<strong> five problem statements<\/strong>, each covering <strong>different phases of the data lifecycle; collection, processing &amp; analysis, and dissemination.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What are the Problem Statements?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>API Gateway for Survey Datasets:<\/strong>&nbsp; Development of a scalable, configurable, and privacy-compliant API gateway enabling SQL-based data retrieval from NSS datasets.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>AI-Powered Smart Survey Tool:<\/strong> Creation of an AI-enabled, multilingual, mobile-friendly survey application using digital platforms for real-time data collection.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>AI-Enhanced Application for Automated Data Processing:<\/strong> Development of AI based configurable modules for data scrutiny, statistical analysis, and report generation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Semantic Search for Occupation Classification (NCO): <\/strong>Implementation of a semantic search interface using NLP and Gen AI for intuitive, context-aware searches across occupational codes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Evaluation and Enhancement of Data Anonymisation Practices:<\/strong> Review of current anonymisation methods and development of a robust safe data tool to ensure data privacy and security.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2144969\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>PIB<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>India\u2019s first Digital Nomad Village inaugurated in Sikkim<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Economy, Infrastructure<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The country\u2019s first Digital Nomad Village was officially inaugurated at Yakten village, Pakyong district in Sikkim.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About the Nomad Sikkim Initiative<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Objective:<\/strong> To develop Yakten as a sustainable remote work hub for digital professionals while supporting local tourism and rural livelihoods.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Facilities:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Village-wide high-speed Wi-Fi connectivity <\/strong>through two dedicated internet lines.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Provision of inverters<\/strong> to ensure uninterrupted power.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Plans under <strong>Jal Jeevan Mission<\/strong> to address water scarcity.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Model: <\/strong>Enables professionals to work remotely in a peaceful, eco-friendly setting, providing a year-round alternative to seasonal tourism.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsonair.gov.in\/indias-first-digital-nomad-village-inaugurated-in-sikkim\/#:~:text=In%20Sikkim%2C%20the%20country&#039;s%20first,Divyangjan%20Welfare%2\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>AIR<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Patriot Air Defense Systems<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/Defence<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Amid discussions over weapon supply to Ukraine, US President Donald Trump has said he will send Patriot air defence systems to help Ukraine against Russian aggression.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Patriot system (Phased Array Tracking Radar for Intercept on Target) is a highly advanced, mobile <strong>surface-to-air missile defence <\/strong>system developed by <strong>Raytheon.&nbsp;<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is considered one of the most advanced air defence systems in the US arsenal and has been in service since the 1980s.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It includes radar, control units, launchers, and support vehicles.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It can intercept aircraft, cruise missiles, and ballistic missiles, depending on the interceptor type: PAC-2 uses proximity blasts, while PAC-3 interceptors directly hit the target.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Patriot radars have a<strong> range of over 150 km<\/strong>. Though not designed for hypersonic threats, Ukraine used it in 2023 to shoot down a<strong> Russian Kinzhal missile.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Over 240 units have been delivered to 19 countries, including the U.S., Germany, Japan, and Ukraine.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Each battery costs over $1 billion, and each missile is about $4 million.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source :IE<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<h3><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">The Prime Minister Narendra Modi paid homage to Thiru K. Kamaraj Ji on his birth anniversary.<\/li>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Thiru K. Kamaraj<\/strong><\/h3>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">Kumaraswami Kamaraj was born in Tamil Nadu on July 15, 1903.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">His early life was shaped by the Jallianwala Bagh massacre and meeting Mahatma Gandhi, which inspired him to join the freedom movement.<\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">He became active in the Indian National Congress, participating in non-cooperation and Salt Satyagraha movements.<\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">He was elected unopposed to the Madras Legislative Assembly in 1937 and re-elected in 1946.<\/li>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/16-07-2025\/news-in-short-16-07-2025\" class=\"btn btn-primary btn-sm float-end\">Read\u00a0More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-48302","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48302","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=48302"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48302\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":50059,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48302\/revisions\/50059"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=48302"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=48302"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=48302"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}