{"id":46697,"date":"2025-07-02T19:30:00","date_gmt":"2025-07-02T14:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/?p=46697"},"modified":"2025-07-02T19:33:36","modified_gmt":"2025-07-02T14:03:36","slug":"news-in-short-02-07-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/02-07-2025\/news-in-short-02-07-2025","title":{"rendered":"News In Short-02-07-2025"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Munnar as \u2018Responsible Tourism Destination\u2019<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS1\/Places<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Kerala government is working to transform <strong>Munnar into a Responsible Tourism Destination<\/strong>, aiming to make it a net-zero tourist hub that protects its fragile ecosystem.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Munnar<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is a serene hill station in Kerala&#8217;s Idukki district and sits 1,600 meters above sea level at the confluence of three rivers\u2014<strong>Muthirapuzha, Nallathanni, and Kundala<\/strong>.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is bordered by the <strong>Anamalai Hills and the Cardamom Hills.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Known for its breathtaking landscapes, it features rolling hills, misty valleys, lush tea plantations, and cascading waterfalls.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It was originally inhabited by the <strong>Muthuvan tribal community<\/strong> and became a tea hub in the late 19th century when European planter A.H. Sharp established the first plantations.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Munnar is also famed for the <strong>Neelakurinji flower<\/strong>, which blooms once every 12 years, and the Eravikulam National Park, home to the endangered Nilgiri Tahr and the towering Anamudi Peak, South India\u2019s highest.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: TH<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Mahabodhi Temple<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS1\/Culture<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Supreme Court recently refused to entertain a plea seeking exclusive control of the <strong>Mahabodhi Temple<\/strong> in Bodh Gaya, Bihar, by the Buddhist community, and asked the petitioner to approach the High Court.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About the Mahabodhi Temple<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Mahabodhi Temple is <strong>a<\/strong> <strong>UNESCO World Heritage Site<\/strong> and one of the four holy sites associated with the life of the Buddha, especially his attainment of Enlightenment under the Bodhi Tree.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>Mahabodhi Temple Complex <\/strong>was the first temple built by <strong>Emperor Ashoka <\/strong>after his conversion to Buddhism in the 3rd century B.C., and the present temple dates from the 5th\u20136th centuries.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is among the earliest Buddhist temples built entirely in brick and is considered a significant milestone in the development of<strong> brick architecture<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The temple was historically managed by Buddhists until the 13th-century invasion by Bakhtiyar Khilji.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In the late 16th century, Hindu monk<strong> Ghamandi Giri <\/strong>established the <strong>Bodh Gaya Math<\/strong> at the site.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Post-Independence (1949): <\/strong>The Mahabodhi Temple is administered under the <strong>Bodh Gaya Temple Act, 1949<\/strong>, which entrusts control to a management committee overseen by the Bihar government, with representation from both Hindus and Buddhists.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Do you know?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>While the definition of <strong>Hindus includes Buddhists<\/strong> as well, the religious community was recognised as a <strong>minority in 1993<\/strong> under the National Commission for Minorities Act, 1992.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hindustantimes.com\/india-news\/sc-turns-down-plea-for-exclusive-control-of-mahabodhi-temple-to-buddhists-101751286842753.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">HT<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Glutathione<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/ Health<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Actor Shefali Jariwala\u2019s death has put <strong>glutathione injections<\/strong> in the spotlight. While the exact cause is still under investigation, reports say she took them as part of an <strong>anti-ageing treatment<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is glutathione?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Glutathione is a powerful<strong> antioxidant<\/strong> naturally produced by our liver. It repairs skin, boosts immunity, slows ageing, neutralises free radicals, and even helps fight cancer cells. Because of this, it\u2019s often called the <strong>\u2018mother of all antioxidants.\u2019<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>But as we age, our bodies produce <strong>less glutathione<\/strong> \u2014 so many people turn to oral supplements or intravenous injections to boost levels.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Its impact and regulation<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>High doses, especially through injections, can cause serious side effects like allergic reactions, low blood pressure, kidney damage, and may disrupt the body\u2019s natural antioxidant balance.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Notably, the <strong>Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation<\/strong> (CDSCO), India\u2019s national regulator for cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and medical devices, <strong>has not approved glutathione<\/strong> for skin lightening \u2014 though it\u2019s widely used off-label for this purpose.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/health-wellness\/shefali-jariwala-death-anti-ageing-medication-iv-glutathione-botox-use-10096798\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">IE<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>ELI Scheme for Job Creation<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus :GS3\/Economy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Union Cabinet has approved the <strong>Employment Linked Incentive (ELI) Scheme<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>ELI Scheme<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It was announced in the <strong>Union Budget 2024\u201325 <\/strong>as part of the Prime Minister\u2019s package of five schemes for <strong>youth employment and skilling,<\/strong> and has a total budget outlay of Rs 99,446 crore.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It aims to generate over<strong> 3.5 crore jobs<\/strong> between August 1, 2025, and July 31, 2027, including 1.92 crore first-time entrants to the workforce.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Components<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The scheme has two components:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>First-time EPFO-registered employees<\/strong> earning up to Rs 1 lakh per month will receive a direct incentive of <strong>up to Rs 15,000 in two installments<\/strong>, linked to continuous service and financial literacy training, with a portion kept in savings.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The second component incentivises <strong>EPFO-registered employers <\/strong>to create new jobs, <strong>offering Rs 1,000\u20133,000 monthly per retained employe<\/strong>e based on wage slabs, with greater benefits and extended duration for the manufacturing sector.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Payments will be made through Aadhaar-linked DBT for employees and PAN-linked bank accounts for employers.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source :TH<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>RailOne App\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Science and Technology<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Union Railway Minister launched the RailOne app on the 40th Foundation Day of the <strong>Centre for Railway Information Systems (CRIS)<\/strong>, aiming to enhance passenger experience and service integration.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About RailOne App<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>RailOne is an all-in-one, user-friendly mobile app<strong> <\/strong>developed to improve the passenger interface with Indian Railways by <strong>integrating multiple services under one platform.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>RailOne features a<strong> single-sign-on with login via mPIN or biometric.<\/strong> It also supports existing RailConnect &amp; UTS credentials. The app is space-saving, as there is no need to install multiple apps.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It <strong>integrates passenger services<\/strong> such as:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Unreserved UTS Tickets via R-Wallet to Get 3% Discount<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Live train tracking<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Grievance redressal<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>E-catering, porter booking &amp; last-mile taxi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2141145\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>PIB<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>EPABX (Electronic Private Automatic Branch Exchange)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Science and Technology<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>EPABX or <strong>Electronic Private Automatic Branch Exchange<\/strong>, is a technology that has evolved from manual call handling to advanced systems, making office communication faster, easier, and more efficient.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is EPABX?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>EPABX is a <strong>private telephone network <\/strong>used by businesses or offices.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It allows employees to <strong>talk to each other using extension numbers<\/strong> and also connect to outside phone lines.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The system works automatically and doesn\u2019t need an operator for each call.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Switching Mechanism of EPABX<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The switching mechanism is the <strong>most critical component<\/strong> of an EPABX system. It directs calls to the correct destination.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Earlier <strong>electromechanical switches<\/strong> such as <strong>crossbar relays <\/strong>were used as switching mechanisms.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Digital Electronic Switching:<\/strong> In the 1980s, electronic circuits replaced electromechanical relays.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Voice signals are digitised using<strong> Pulse Code Modulation (PCM)<\/strong> and transmitted using <strong>Time Division Multiplexing (TDM),<\/strong> which assigns each call a time slot, enabling multiple users to share the same line simultaneously.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In modern systems, <strong>VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) technology<\/strong> is commonly used.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Integrated Digital Features:<\/strong> Modern EPABX systems also support: Voicemail, Call recording, Interactive Voice Response (IVR), Mobile and remote access and Integration with CRM and other business tools.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/science\/how-does-a-telephone-intercom-function-in-an-office-setting\/article69760140.ece\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<h3><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">The Kerala government is working to transform Munnar into a Responsible Tourism Destination, aiming to make it a net-zero tourist hub that protects its fragile ecosystem.\u00a0<\/li>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Munnar<\/strong><\/h3>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">It is a serene hill station in Kerala&#8217;s Idukki district and sits 1,600 meters above sea level at the confluence of three rivers\u2014Muthirapuzha, Nallathanni, and Kundala.<\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">It is bordered by the Anamalai Hills and the Cardamom Hills.<\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">Known for its breathtaking landscapes, it features rolling hills, misty valleys, lush tea plantations, and cascading waterfalls.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">It was originally inhabited by the Muthuvan tribal community and became a tea hub in the late 19th century when European planter A.H. Sharp established the first plantations.<\/li>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/02-07-2025\/news-in-short-02-07-2025\" class=\"btn btn-primary btn-sm float-end\">Read\u00a0More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-46697","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46697","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=46697"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46697\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":46737,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46697\/revisions\/46737"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=46697"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=46697"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=46697"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}