{"id":45371,"date":"2025-06-13T20:59:27","date_gmt":"2025-06-13T15:29:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/?p=45371"},"modified":"2025-06-26T16:30:23","modified_gmt":"2025-06-26T11:00:23","slug":"india-rare-earth-magnets-crisis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/13-06-2025\/india-rare-earth-magnets-crisis","title":{"rendered":"India\u2019s Rare Earth Magnets Crisis"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Science and Technology<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Amidst China\u2019s export curbs on rare earth magnets, India\u2019s automobile sector are raising alarms over potential production disruptions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What are Rare Earth Magnets?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/17-04-2025\/china-restricts-exports-of-rare-earths\">Rare earth magnets<\/a> are powerful permanent magnets made using rare earth elements, including <strong>17<\/strong> different elements from the periodic table.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The two main types are <strong>Neodymium (Nd-Fe-B) <\/strong>and <strong>Samarium Cobalt (SmCo) magnets.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Despite the name, rare earth elements are not geologically rare but are <strong>difficult to extract economically<\/strong> due to their dispersed occurrence and the environmental cost of mining.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Importance of Rare Earth Magnets<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>In Electric Vehicles (EVs)<\/strong>, Rare earth magnets are essential in;\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs), <\/strong>the core of EV propulsion systems.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ensuring high torque density<\/strong>, energy efficiency, and reduced size of EV motors.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>In Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) Vehicles:<\/strong> Power steering systems, Electric windows, Windshield wipers and Cooling fans and sensors.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Defense:<\/strong> Guidance systems, missile actuators, radar systems.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Consumer Electronics: <\/strong>Smartphones, speakers, hard drives.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Availability of Rare Earth magnets<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>China controls over <strong>85% <\/strong>of global rare earth magnet production, and dominates the supply chain from mining to refining to magnet manufacturing.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>India,<\/strong> despite having rare earth reserves (especially in<strong> monazite sands in Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Odisha<\/strong>), lacks;\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Advanced refining capabilities<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Downstream magnet manufacturing industry<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>R&amp;D and private sector participation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.livemint.com\/industry\/indias-rare-earth-magnets-crisis-what-s-next-for-the-ev-sector-11749616024940.html\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Mint<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-background has-fixed-layout\" style=\"background-color:#ebecf0\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Read this in Hindi:<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs-hindi\/13-06-2025\/%e0%a4%ad%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%a4-%e0%a4%a6%e0%a5%81%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b2%e0%a4%ad-%e0%a4%aa%e0%a5%83%e0%a4%a5%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b5%e0%a5%80-%e0%a4%ae%e0%a5%88%e0%a4%97%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%a8%e0%a5%87%e0%a4%9f-%e0%a4%b8%e0%a4%82%e0%a4%95%e0%a4%9f\"> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0926\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0932\u092d \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u092e\u0948\u0917\u094d\u0928\u0947\u091f \u0938\u0902\u0915\u091f<\/a><\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<h3><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">Amidst China\u2019s export curbs on rare earth magnets, India\u2019s automobile sector are raising alarms over potential production disruptions.<\/li>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3><strong>What are Rare Earth Magnets?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">Rare earth magnets are powerful permanent magnets made using rare earth elements, including 17 different elements from the periodic table.<\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">The two main types are Neodymium (Nd-Fe-B) and Samarium Cobalt (SmCo) magnets.<\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">Despite the name, rare earth elements are not geologically rare but are difficult to extract economically due to their dispersed occurrence and the environmental cost of mining.<\/li>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/13-06-2025\/india-rare-earth-magnets-crisis\" class=\"btn btn-primary btn-sm float-end\">Read\u00a0More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-45371","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45371","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=45371"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45371\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":46332,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45371\/revisions\/46332"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=45371"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=45371"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=45371"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}