{"id":44576,"date":"2025-06-02T20:47:09","date_gmt":"2025-06-02T15:17:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/?p=44576"},"modified":"2025-06-02T20:47:23","modified_gmt":"2025-06-02T15:17:23","slug":"integral-humanism-upadhyaya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/02-06-2025\/integral-humanism-upadhyaya","title":{"rendered":"Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya\u2019s Philosophy of \u2018Integral Humanism\u2019"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS1\/ Personalities<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In Context<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>2025 marks the 60th anniversary of <strong>Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya\u2019s philosophy of \u2018Integral Humanism\u2019.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In the post-colonial search for an indigenous philosophy of governance, Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya (1916\u20131968) introduced the <strong>doctrine of Integral Humanism (Ekatma Manav Darshan) in 1965<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This ideology aimed to balance <strong>material progress with spiritual upliftment and redefine development<\/strong> from an Indian civilisational perspective.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is Integral Humanism?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It emphasizes the balanced and integrated <strong>development of human beings, encompassing not just material well-being<\/strong> but also mental, intellectual, and spiritual aspects.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Upadhyay argued that Western ideologies tended to focus solely on material <strong>desires (Kama) and wealth (Artha)<\/strong>, neglecting the <strong>moral duties (Dharma) and spiritual liberation (Moksha<\/strong>), which he considered essential for true human happiness and fulfillment.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Upadhyay critiqued <strong>both capitalism for its unchecked individualism and potential for exploitation<\/strong>, and <strong>Marxist socialism<\/strong> for its suppression of individual liberty and its purely materialistic worldview.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The philosophy places the human being at the core of all development models. Policies and governance should be designed to serve the<strong> well-being and dignity of every individual, ensuring a dignified life for all.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Central to Integral Humanism are the concepts of:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Chiti:<\/strong> The inner essence, or national soul, of a civilization \u2013 its unique cultural identity and consciousness.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Virat: <\/strong>The living manifestation of national culture in societal institutions and collective life.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dharma: <\/strong>The guiding principle of individual and collective righteousness, representing the inherent laws, duties, and ethical conduct that sustain society.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Contemporary Relevance of Integral Humanism<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Participatory Governance: <\/strong>Integral Humanism calls for orderly, decentralised, and value-driven governance, rooted in local traditions and customs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Self-Reliant Economy (Swadeshi):<\/strong> Emphasises decentralised development, village-centric models, and sustainable livelihoods, aligning with Gandhian ideas of Gram Swaraj.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Antyodaya &amp; Policy Making: <\/strong>Upholds the principle of \u2018Sarvodaya through Antyodaya\u2019 \u2013 upliftment of the last person in the queue. Welfare must not be a mere state policy but a moral imperative.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sustainable Development &amp; Environmental Justice:<\/strong> Advocates deep ecological respect \u2014 balanced use of labour, resources, and capital \u2014 ensuring dignity and sustenance for future generations.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cultural Preservation: <\/strong>Calls for reviving India\u2019s heritage, language, arts, and civilisational wisdom, not as nostalgia, but as guiding lights for future innovation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Global Relevance:<\/strong> Offers an alternative to exploitative capitalism and rigid communism. Has echoes in <strong>Global South development paradigms <\/strong>and <strong>Gross National Happiness (Bhutan).<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ethical Values: <\/strong>Promotes compassion, restraint, and harmony over conflict or competition.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reflects Indian value systems \u2014 Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam, Sarvodaya, Ahimsa.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: PIB<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<h3><strong>In Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">2025 marks the 60th anniversary of Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya\u2019s philosophy of \u2018Integral Humanism\u2019.<\/li>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">In the post-colonial search for an indigenous philosophy of governance, Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya (1916\u20131968) introduced the doctrine of Integral Humanism (Ekatma Manav Darshan) in 1965.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">This ideology aimed to balance material progress with spiritual upliftment and redefine development from an Indian civilisational perspective.<\/li>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/02-06-2025\/integral-humanism-upadhyaya\" class=\"btn btn-primary btn-sm float-end\">Read\u00a0More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-44576","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44576","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44576"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44576\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":44607,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44576\/revisions\/44607"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44576"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=44576"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=44576"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}