{"id":42604,"date":"2025-05-02T20:46:27","date_gmt":"2025-05-02T15:16:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/?p=42604"},"modified":"2025-05-02T20:46:40","modified_gmt":"2025-05-02T15:16:40","slug":"world-largest-fusion-project-reaches-milestone-with-india-help","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/02-05-2025\/world-largest-fusion-project-reaches-milestone-with-india-help","title":{"rendered":"World&#8217;s Largest Fusion Project Reaches Milestone With India&#8217;s Help"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Syllabus :GS 3\/Science and Tech&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Scientists have completed the main magnet system for <strong>ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor),<\/strong> with India playing a significant role in building critical infrastructure.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor(ITER)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The International Thermo-nuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) Project is currently under construction in a <strong>180-hectare site in Southern France<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Over 30 countries,<\/strong> including India, China, the US, Russia, Japan, South Korea, and the EU are collaborating to build the <strong>world\u2019s largest tokamak, <\/strong>a magnetic fusion device to prove the feasibility of<strong> nuclear fusion<\/strong> as <strong>a large-scale <\/strong>and carbon-free source of energy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#ebecf0\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Do you know?<\/strong><br>&#8211; Nuclear fusion generates energy through merging of two light nuclei to form a single heavier nucleus.\u00a0Fusion reactions power the Sun and other stars.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Objectives\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It aims to demonstrate<strong> fusion energy<\/strong>\u00a0 as a safe and carbon-free power source.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Unlike fission, fusion does not produce radioactive waste.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It will produce 500 megawatts of energy from 50 megawatts of input, creating a self-sustaining plasma state known as &#8220;burning plasma&#8221;, crucial for unlocking fusion energy.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ITER will not produce electricity but will serve as a large research facility to test fusion at scale, generating data for future commercial fusion plants.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Cost Sharing<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Europe is bearing 45 per cent of the construction cost.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The other six members &#8212; India, China, Japan, South Korea, Russia and the US &#8212; are each contributing about 9 per cent. But all members will get full access to the research results and patents.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Contributions by Countries<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>US <\/strong>\u00a0Built the Central Solenoid, the core component of the magnet system.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Russia <\/strong>provided the Poloidal Field magnet.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Europe <\/strong>designed four large Poloidal Field magnets.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>China <\/strong>contributed Poloidal Field magnets and superconducting Correction Coil magnets.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Japan <\/strong>produced 43 kilometers of Nb3Sn superconductor strand.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Korea <\/strong>created tooling for pre-assembling large components.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>India\u2019s Role\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>India is one of the seven main members of ITER and has contributed to key infrastructure, including the cryostat cooling systems, heating technologies, and the cryolines that cool the magnets.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>India designed the <strong>cryostat<\/strong>, a 30-meter tall chamber housing the ITER Tokamak, and built systems to cool the magnets to superconducting temperatures of -269\u00b0C.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>India also delivered shielding, cooling water systems, and heating components.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Progress<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ITER completed its powerful pulsed superconducting electromagnet system, a crucial part of the Tokamak, which will weigh nearly 3,000 tonnes.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u00a0The system will help create a plasma by ionizing hydrogen fuel (deuterium and tritium), which will then be heated to <strong>150 million degrees Celsius<\/strong> to facilitate nuclear fusion, similar to the Sun&#8217;s process.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Future Outlook\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ITER&#8217;s progress reflects international cooperation and hope for a sustainable, peaceful energy future.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ITER is expected to begin scientific operations in 2034, with Deuterium-Tritium operations starting in 2039.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>If successful, fusion could provide nearly limitless, clean energy without radioactive waste or carbon emissions, addressing global energy challenges.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source :TH<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<h3><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">Scientists have completed the main magnet system for ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor), with India playing a significant role in building critical infrastructure.<\/li>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3><strong>International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor(ITER)<\/strong><\/h3>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">The International Thermo-nuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) Project is currently under construction in a 180-hectare site in Southern France.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">Over 30 countries, including India, China, the US, Russia, Japan, South Korea, and the EU are collaborating to build the world\u2019s largest tokamak, a magnetic fusion device to prove the feasibility of nuclear fusion as a large-scale and carbon-free source of energy.<\/li>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/02-05-2025\/world-largest-fusion-project-reaches-milestone-with-india-help\" class=\"btn btn-primary btn-sm float-end\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-42604","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42604","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=42604"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42604\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":42614,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42604\/revisions\/42614"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=42604"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=42604"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=42604"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}