{"id":40880,"date":"2025-04-10T21:07:24","date_gmt":"2025-04-10T15:37:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/?p=40880"},"modified":"2025-04-10T21:07:47","modified_gmt":"2025-04-10T15:37:47","slug":"indias-genome-mapping-reveals-180-million-dna-variants","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/10-04-2025\/indias-genome-mapping-reveals-180-million-dna-variants","title":{"rendered":"India&#8217;s Genome Mapping Reveals 180 Million DNA Variants"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Science and Technology<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The GenomeIndia project has published preliminary findings based on genome sequencing of 9,772 individuals across 85 diverse Indian populations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is genome sequencing?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is the process of <strong>determining the complete DNA sequence<\/strong> of an organism&#8217;s genome, which includes all its genes and non-coding regions.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It involves identifying the exact order of the <strong>four nucleotide bases (adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine)<\/strong> that make up the DNA.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img data-dominant-color=\"edf1f3\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"384\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/04\/What-is-genome-sequencing.png\" alt=\"What is genome sequencing\" class=\"not-transparent wp-image-40881\" style=\"--dominant-color: #edf1f3; width:374px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/04\/What-is-genome-sequencing.png 512w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/04\/What-is-genome-sequencing-300x225.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Key Findings of the study<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>180 million<\/strong> genetic variants discovered:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>130 million<\/strong> in autosomes (non-sex chromosomes).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>50 million<\/strong> in sex chromosomes (X and Y).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Population-specific uniqueness:<\/strong> Certain variants are found exclusively in specific communities, pointing to localized genetic adaptations.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Disease-related variants: <\/strong>Some variants indicate susceptibility or resistance to infectious diseases, while others relate to environmental adaptations, e.g., high altitude, low oxygen.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Importance of the study<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It enables <strong>personalized treatment protocols<\/strong> based on individual genetic makeup.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It identifies <strong>genetic markers<\/strong> for complex diseases like diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular disorders.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It helps in <strong>predicting drug response,<\/strong> minimizing adverse effects through pharmacogenomics.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fff2cc\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>What is GenomeIndia Project?<\/strong><br>&#8211; <strong>The objective<\/strong> of GenomeIndia is to build a comprehensive catalogue of genetic variations that <strong>reflect the unique diversity of the Indian population.<\/strong><br>&#8211; It is a collaborative effort of <strong>20 institutions<\/strong> and funded by the <strong>Department of Biotechnology,<\/strong> Ministry of Science and Technology.<br><strong>Goals of the project:<\/strong><br>1. <strong>Establish a Robust Biobank for Future Research:<\/strong> Collect and store 20,000 blood samples to enable cutting-edge biological research and advancements.<br>2. <strong>Enable Open Access to Genomic Data:<\/strong> Provide publicly accessible genomic datasets through the Indian Biological Data Centre (IBDC), fostering global research collaborations and innovation.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/science\/preliminary-findings-of-10000-human-genome-study-published\/article69427558.ece\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<h3><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">The GenomeIndia project has published preliminary findings based on genome sequencing of 9,772 individuals across 85 diverse Indian populations.<\/li>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3><strong>What is genome sequencing?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">It is the process of determining the complete DNA sequence of an organism&#8217;s genome, which includes all its genes and non-coding regions.\u00a0<\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">It involves identifying the exact order of the four nucleotide bases (adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine) that make up the DNA.<\/li>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/10-04-2025\/indias-genome-mapping-reveals-180-million-dna-variants\" class=\"btn btn-primary btn-sm float-end\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-40880","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40880","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40880"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40880\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":40899,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40880\/revisions\/40899"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40880"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40880"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40880"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}