{"id":40782,"date":"2025-04-09T20:31:15","date_gmt":"2025-04-09T15:01:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/?p=40782"},"modified":"2025-04-09T20:31:37","modified_gmt":"2025-04-09T15:01:37","slug":"news-in-short-9-04-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/09-04-2025\/news-in-short-9-04-2025","title":{"rendered":"News In Short-9-04-2025"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Lodhi Garden<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS1\/ History and Culture<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Lodhi Garden, located in the heart of New Delhi, marks 89 years of its establishment as a public garden.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Lodhi Garden traces its origins back to the <strong>14th and 15th centuries<\/strong> and was initially known as <strong>Bagh-e-Jud.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The garden\u2019s roots are entwined with the <strong>Hazrat Nizamuddin Auliya Dargah<\/strong> and later became a burial site during the<strong> Sayyid and Lodi dynasties<\/strong>, showcasing Indo-Islamic architecture.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The garden was developed during the British Period and was inaugurated by <strong>Lady Willingdon <\/strong>on <strong>9th April 1936.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Architectural Landmarks<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Tomb of Muhammad Shah:<\/strong> The oldest structure in the garden, built for the third ruler of the Sayyid dynasty.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Tomb of Sikandar Lodi<\/strong> is an octagonal tomb from the Lodi period.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sheesh Gumbad <\/strong>is known for its mysterious, unidentified graves and intricate glazed tile work.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Bada Gumbad <\/strong>is a dramatic domed gateway that leads into a mosque with three domes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Khairpur Satpula Bridge:<\/strong> A water bridge built by Nawab Mirza, a noble in Emperor Akbar\u2019s court, adding a Mughal connection to the garden.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img data-dominant-color=\"9e9d8d\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"696\" height=\"392\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Tomb-of-Sikandar-Lodi.png\" alt=\"Tomb of Sikandar Lodi\" class=\"not-transparent wp-image-40784\" style=\"--dominant-color: #9e9d8d; width:430px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Tomb-of-Sikandar-Lodi.png 696w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Tomb-of-Sikandar-Lodi-300x169.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 696px) 100vw, 696px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Post-Independence Legacy<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Joseph Allen Stein<\/strong>, the American architect, shaped the current landscape of Lodhi Garden, including its gentle slopes, raised mounds, and fluid layout.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Every year in March, the garden becomes a hub for the <strong>Nauroz celebrations<\/strong> \u2014 the <strong>Parsi New Year.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/cities\/delhi\/delhis-iconic-lodhi-garden-turns-89-today-heres-a-peek-into-the-history-of-this-urban-oasis-9933062\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>IE<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Online Gaming Under the PMLA<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/ Governance<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Union government has proposed the classification of online real-money gaming firms as <strong>&#8220;reporting entities<\/strong>&#8221; under the <strong>Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA) of 2002.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Under the PMLA, a reporting entity is required to provide <strong>client and transaction information<\/strong> to the <strong>Financial Intelligence Unit-India (FIU-IND),<\/strong> which is under the purview of the Ministry of Finance.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Earlier, the government had imposed a<strong> 28% Goods and Services Tax (GST) <\/strong>on the full deposits made by users on real-money gaming platforms in 2023.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Gaming Industry in India<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>According to a report by <strong>FICCI<\/strong> from March 2025, online gaming companies in India collectively earned a revenue of close to<strong> $2.7 billion in 2024.\u00a0<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>These companies make money by taking a cut from a user\u2019s winnings.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The real-money aspect exposes the sector to money laundering, tax evasion, and illegal betting, in the absence of stringent checks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/business\/govt-works-to-bring-online-gaming-firms-under-pmla-fold-9930935\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>IE<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Discovery of Small Hive Beetle in India<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus :GS 3\/Environment&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A scientist from the Zoological Survey of India (ZSI), identified the Small Hive Beetle (SHB), Aethina tumida, in Amdanga, West Bengal.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>This is the first recorded instance of SHB in India.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img data-dominant-color=\"cebeb8\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Discovery-of-Small-Hive-Beetle-in-India-1024x576.png\" alt=\"Discovery of Small Hive Beetle in India\" class=\"not-transparent wp-image-40785\" style=\"--dominant-color: #cebeb8; width:396px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Discovery-of-Small-Hive-Beetle-in-India-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Discovery-of-Small-Hive-Beetle-in-India-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Discovery-of-Small-Hive-Beetle-in-India-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Discovery-of-Small-Hive-Beetle-in-India.png 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Small Hive Beetle\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>SHBs are small, oval-shaped beetles (5-7 mm), reddish-brown in color.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is a notorious enemy of honey bees and has caused widespread damage to the apiculture industry globally.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It infiltrates hives, laying eggs that hatch into larvae, which feed on honey, pollen, and bee brood, contaminating honey and causing colony collapse.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Distribution <\/strong>: Originating in sub-Saharan Africa, SHB has spread globally to the United States, Australia, Canada, and parts of Asia.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>India&#8217;s climate may favor the proliferation of SHB, making early detection and response crucial.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Classifications: <\/strong>It is classified as an <strong>&#8220;Invasive Alien Species,&#8221;<\/strong> a category of non-native organisms that pose significant threats to biodiversity and local ecosystems.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) has classified SHB infestation as a notifiable disease due to its destructive potential.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Concerns\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The presence of SHB raises concerns about its impact on India&#8217;s honey bee population and apiculture industry. The beetle is known for rapidly multiplying and spreading.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SHB could harm India&#8217;s beekeeping sector, jeopardizing honey production and the livelihoods of those dependent on it.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Measures to tackle them<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Experts emphasize the need for coordinated monitoring, containment strategies, and awareness campaigns to protect native pollinators and the apiculture industry in India.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source :TOI<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Volatility Index (VIX)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus :GS 3\/Economy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Recently, The India Volatility Index surged over 65% to 22.8, marking its highest single-day spike ever, indicating heightened risk and uncertainty in the market.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Volatility Index (VIX)\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The term &#8220;VIX&#8221; is a trademark owned by the <strong>Chicago Board Options Exchange (CBOE).<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It measures the <strong>market&#8217;s expectation of volatility<\/strong> over the near term, reflecting the rate and magnitude of price changes, often associated with risk.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is calculated as <strong>annualized volatility<\/strong>, expressed as a percentage, based on the order book of options for a specific underlying index.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>India VIX<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is specifically based on <strong>NIFTY Index Option prices.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It calculates the expected market volatility for the next 30 days by analyzing the best bid-ask prices of NIFTY Options contracts.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>India VIX uses the CBOE&#8217;s computation methodology, with adjustments made for the NIFTY options order book, incorporating techniques like cubic splines.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Latest Updates\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The recent\u00a0 increase was driven by a sharp 5% sell-off in Indian equities, sparked by concerns over the impact of US President Donald Trump&#8217;s tariffs and China&#8217;s retaliatory measures.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The spike in volatility is reminiscent of previous global market turmoil, such as in August 2015.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source :ET<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>\u201cBlue Category&#8221; Classification For Industries<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus :GS 3\/Economy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The <strong>Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) <\/strong>has introduced a new <strong>\u201cBlue Category\u201d <\/strong>in its industrial classification system, aimed at recognizing and incentivizing essential environmental service industries.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Revised classification for industries<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Blue Category was created under the <strong>&#8220;precautionary principle<\/strong>,&#8221; based on the potential environmental impact of industries.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>Blue Category i<\/strong>ncludes industries such as <strong>Waste-to-energy plants, some compressed biogas (CBG) plants, and other utilities involved in managing environmental concerns<\/strong> (e.g., waste management).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>These industries, although potentially high on the <strong>Pollution Index (PI)<\/strong>, are recognized for<strong> their positive environmental externalities.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Industries classified under the Blue Category will receive an additional <strong>two years of validity for their Consent to Operate (CTO)<\/strong>, based on their <strong>Pollution Index (PI).<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Pollution Index-Based Classification<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>CPCB classifies industries based on their pollution potential (PI):<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img data-dominant-color=\"eaeaea\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"650\" height=\"362\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Pollution-Index-Based-Classification.png\" alt=\"Pollution Index Based Classification\" class=\"not-transparent wp-image-40786\" style=\"--dominant-color: #eaeaea; width:420px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Pollution-Index-Based-Classification.png 650w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Pollution-Index-Based-Classification-300x167.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>For Example: <\/strong>Waste-to-energy plants are included in the Blue Category due to their essential role despite their high pollution potential.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fff2cc\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>About Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)<\/strong><br>&#8211; It is a<strong> statutory organization <\/strong>under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&amp;CC) in India.<br>&#8211; CPCB was entrusted with the powers and functions under the <strong>Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981.<\/strong><br>&#8211; It serves as a field formation and also provides technical services to the Ministry of Environment and Forests of the provisions of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source :HT<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA) Report on Air Pollution<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/Environment<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A new analysis by non-profit Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA) revealed data on <strong>India\u2019s Air Pollution levels.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Key Points:\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Delhi&#8217;s PM 10 Levels: Delhi recorded the highest Particulate Matter 10 levels<\/strong> among 130 cities under the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) in FY 2024-25.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Delhi\u2019s annual average PM 10 concentration was 206 \u00b5g\/m\u00b3, three times above the national standard of 60 \u00b5g\/m\u00b3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Other Cities with High PM 10 Levels: <\/strong>Byrnihat (Assam) and Patna (Bihar) followed Delhi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>NCAP Targets: <\/strong>The NCAP aims to reduce PM 10 levels by up to 40% by 2025-26 compared to the 2017 baseline.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>PM 10 reductions are assessed on a financial year basis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Improvements and Declines: <\/strong>77 cities showed improvements in PM 10 levels compared to 2017-18.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>23 cities saw increases in PM 10 levels, and 2 cities had unchanged levels.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cities with Over 40% Improvement: <\/strong>21 cities, especially from Uttar Pradesh, showed over 40% improvement, including Bareilly, Varanasi, and Kanpur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cities with Increased PM 10 Levels: <\/strong>Cities with a rise in PM 10 levels include Maharashtra, Odisha, Assam, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal, and Chhattisgarh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Significant Changes:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bareilly (Uttar Pradesh) showed the largest reduction in PM 10 levels at 78%.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Jalgaon (Maharashtra) recorded the highest increase in PM 10 levels at 57%.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ongoing Challenges: <\/strong>Despite improvements, 91 of the 102 NCAP cities still exceeded the national PM 10 standard during FY 2024-25, with just one year left to meet NCAP targets.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/cities\/delhi\/delhis-pm-10-highest-fy-2024-25-clean-air-programme-9932646\/#:~:text=Delhi%20recorded%20the%20highest%20PM,Clean%20Air%20(CREA)%20revealed.\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>IE<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<h3><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">Lodhi Garden, located in the heart of New Delhi, marks 89 years of its establishment as a public garden.<\/li>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">Lodhi Garden traces its origins back to the 14th and 15th centuries and was initially known as Bagh-e-Jud.<\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">The garden\u2019s roots are entwined with the Hazrat Nizamuddin Auliya Dargah and later became a burial site during the Sayyid and Lodi dynasties, showcasing Indo-Islamic architecture.<\/li>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/09-04-2025\/news-in-short-9-04-2025\" class=\"btn btn-primary btn-sm float-end\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-40782","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40782","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40782"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40782\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":40809,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40782\/revisions\/40809"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40782"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40782"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40782"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}