{"id":40567,"date":"2025-04-07T19:38:02","date_gmt":"2025-04-07T14:08:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/?p=40567"},"modified":"2025-04-07T19:38:27","modified_gmt":"2025-04-07T14:08:27","slug":"news-in-short-7-04-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/07-04-2025\/news-in-short-7-04-2025","title":{"rendered":"News In Short-7-04-2025"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Shingles Vaccine Can Reduce Risk of Dementia<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS 2\/Health&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A study in Wales suggests that the <strong>shingles vaccine<\/strong> may reduce the likelihood of new dementia diagnoses by about 20% over seven years.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Shingles (Herpes Zoster)<\/strong> is a viral infection caused by the <strong>Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV)<\/strong>, the same virus that causes chickenpox.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Dementia\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is a group of diseases that affect memory, thinking, and daily activities, primarily in older adults, though not everyone will develop it with age.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Common forms of dementia<\/strong> include Alzheimer\u2019s disease, vascular dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies, and frontotemporal dementia.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Risk factors<\/strong> include age (65+), high blood pressure, diabetes, obesity, smoking, excessive alcohol use, physical inactivity, social isolation, and depression.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Dementia is caused by diseases that damage brain cells, leading to cognitive decline beyond normal aging.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It can also arise from strokes, infections, alcohol abuse, or physical brain injuries.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Impacts: <\/strong>It has physical, psychological, social, and economic impacts on individuals, carers, families, and society.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Treatment : <\/strong>While there is no cure for dementia, treatments like physical activity, brain-stimulating activities, and medications (e.g., cholinesterase inhibitors, NMDA antagonists, blood pressure control) can help manage symptoms.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Finding of recent study :\u00a0 <\/strong>The research, published in Nature, found that people eligible for the shingles vaccine (based on their birth date) had a lower risk of developing dementia compared to those who were ineligible.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>This effect was more pronounced in women than men<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source :TH<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Semaglutide<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/Health<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A recent study found that <strong>oral semaglutide (Rybelsus)<\/strong> reduces the risk of heart attacks, strokes, and cardiovascular <strong>death by 14%.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Semaglutide is<\/strong> a GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) is to achieve a significant reduction in cardiovascular risk, <strong>was approved in 2021 for weight management in people with obesity and conditions like type 2 diabetes.<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>The trial focused<\/strong> on <strong>reducing major adverse cardiovascular events <\/strong>(MACE) in people with type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and chronic kidney disease (CKD).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The study found that <strong>oral semaglutide significantly reduced MACE<\/strong> compared to a placebo.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Placebo is used in studies to compare the effects of a new treatment to a non-active treatment.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fff2cc\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>What is Diabetes?<\/strong><br>&#8211; Diabetes is a <strong>chronic medical condition<\/strong> where the body has trouble regulating <strong>blood sugar (glucose) levels.\u00a0<\/strong><br>&#8211; It occurs when the body either <strong>doesn&#8217;t produce enough insulin<\/strong> (a hormone that helps regulate blood sugar) or doesn&#8217;t effectively use the insulin it produces.<br>&#8211; <strong>There are two main types:<\/strong><br>1. <strong>Type 1 Diabetes: <\/strong>The body doesn\u2019t produce insulin at all, and it typically develops in childhood or adolescence.<br>2. <strong>Type 2 Diabetes: <\/strong>The body doesn&#8217;t use insulin properly (insulin resistance), often due to lifestyle factors, and usually develops in adults.<br>&#8211; <strong>Managing Diabetes:<\/strong><br>1. If not managed, diabetes can lead to serious health issues such as heart disease, kidney problems, and nerve damage.\u00a0<br>2. Managing diabetes typically involves a combination of diet, exercise, medication, and regular blood sugar monitoring.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/health\/semaglutide-reduces-risk-of-cardiovascular-events-in-patients-with-type-2-diabetes-finds-study\/article69415845.ece\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Time Use Survey<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus :GS 2\/Governance\/GS3\/Economy&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The<strong> Time Use Survey (TUS) 2024<\/strong> revealed significant data on how people in India allocate their time across various activities.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Time Use Survey<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The National Statistics Office (NSO) under the <strong>Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI)<\/strong> conducted the <strong>first all-India Time Use Survey (TUS)<\/strong> from January to December 2019, and the second survey for 2024 was released in February 2025.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It provides data on time spent on paid and unpaid tasks, learning, socializing, leisure, and self-care activities.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#ebecf0\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Do you know ?<\/strong><br>&#8211; India, alongside countries like Australia, Japan, and the USA, conducts the National Time Use Survey to analyze the participation of men and women in various activities.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Objectives\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It aims to assess the participation of men and women in paid and unpaid activities, such as caregiving, volunteer work, and domestic chores.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It aids in policy formulation, planning, and decision-making by government departments, organizations, and researchers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Recent findings<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Delhi residents <\/strong>spend the<strong> most time on work-related activities<\/strong>, averaging 563 minutes daily, far surpassing the national average of 440 minutes.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Goa follows closely with 536 minutes, showing a notable increase from 2019.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The survey highlights a<strong> gender gap in unpaid domestic services,<\/strong> with women dedicating 289 minutes daily compared to men\u2019s 88 minutes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Learning activities have slightly declined,<\/strong> with the national average dropping from 424 minutes in 2019 to 414 minutes in 2024. Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu remain high in learning time.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Socializing and community participation show <\/strong>varying trends across states, with <strong>Nagaland <\/strong>reporting increased social engagement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Leisure <\/strong>activities have risen nationwide, with <strong>Uttarakhand <\/strong>seeing a notable increase.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Self-care time,<\/strong> including sleep and hygiene, has decreased nationally, with some states like Meghalaya and Jammu &amp; Kashmir showing an increase.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source :IE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/ International, GS3\/ Economy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In an effort to advance a trade agreement with the United States and avoid 26% reciprocal tariffs, India\u2019s Ministry of Commerce and Industry has expanded its NAFTA division.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was a trilateral trade pact among the <strong>United States, Canada, and Mexico<\/strong>, effective from <strong>1994 to 2020.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It created one of the world\u2019s largest free trade zones, eliminating tariffs and reducing trade barriers to promote economic integration.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>In 2020,<\/strong> NAFTA was replaced by the <strong>United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) <\/strong>with updated provisions on digital trade, labor standards, and environmental regulations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Challenges in India-US Trade Talks<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Data Localisation Demands:<\/strong> The U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) has raised concerns about <strong>India&#8217;s data localisation requirements,<\/strong> which compel banks and payment service providers to store data within India.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Intellectual Property (IP) Concerns: <\/strong>India has been placed on the USTR&#8217;s Priority Watch List due to;\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Lack of specific trade secret protection laws.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lengthy patent approval processes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Inconsistent enforcement of IP laws.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Labour and Environmental Standards:<\/strong> India has yet to conclude a comprehensive trade agreement with any Western country, primarily due to divergent positions on;\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Labor rights enforcement mechanisms.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Environmental sustainability standards demanded by developed countries.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/business\/trade-ministry-expanding-nafta-wing-india-seeks-us-tariff-truce-9928629\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>IE<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>22nd Amendment to the U.S. Constitution state<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/ International issues<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The 22nd Amendment to the U.S. constitution was in the spotlight after the U.S. President Donald Trump made remarks on a two-term limit for American Presidents.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>22nd Amendment to the U.S. Constitution<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The <strong>22nd Amendment<\/strong> to the US Constitution says that <strong>no one can be elected more than twice as President.\u00a0<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Amendment was ratified in <strong>1951<\/strong>, after President <strong>Franklin D Roosevelt<\/strong> had been elected <strong>four consecutive times, <\/strong>from <strong>1932 to 1944.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If someone has served as President for more than two years of another\u2019s term (for example, a Vice President who became President due to the President\u2019s death or resignation), they can only be elected once.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Thus, effectively, the maximum U.S. Presidential tenure can be 10 years (two years as a successor plus two full terms).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/international\/can-the-us-president-serve-a-third-term-explained\/article69420646.ece#:~:text=The%2022nd%20Amendment%20prohibits%20a,%E2%80%9Cserving%E2%80%9D\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>MoSPI Released \u201cWomen and Men in India 2024\u201d Report<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Economy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The <strong>Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI)<\/strong>, released the 26th edition of its publication titled <strong>\u201cWomen and Men in India 2024: Selected Indicators and Data\u201d.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The publication offers a <strong>comprehensive overview of the gender landscape <\/strong>in India, presenting selected indicators and data across key areas like population, education, health, economic participation, and decision-making, all sourced from various Ministries\/ Departments\/Organizations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Some Key Highlights of the Publication<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Education<\/strong>: The Gender Parity Index (GPI) for enrolments at both primary and higher secondary levels increased in FY24 compared to FY23 and FY22, indicating more girls being enrolled in school.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>At the upper primary and elementary levels, the enrolment numbers were nearly equal for both boys and girls.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Labour Force Participation: <\/strong>The Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) for women aged 15 years and above saw a significant improvement from 49.8% in 2017\u201318 to 60.1% in 2023\u201324.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>This reflects growing inclusion of women in the workforce and economic activity.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Financial Inclusion:<\/strong> Women owned 39.2% of all bank accounts in India as of the latest data. They contributed 39.7% to total deposits in banks.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Women\u2019s presence is most prominent in rural areas, where they make up 42.2% of account holders.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Entrepreneurship &amp; Economic Independence: <\/strong>The number of female-headed proprietary establishments across manufacturing, trade, and services has been rising consistently between 2021\u201322 and 2023\u201324.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Startups with at least one woman director (DPIIT-recognized):\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In 2017: 1,943 startups<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In 2024: 17,405 startups<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This is more than an 800% increase in 7 years.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Political Participation: <\/strong>Female voter turnout has seen variations over the years, rising to 67.2% in 2019, followed by a modest dip to 65.8% in 2024.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Violence against Women:\u00a0 <\/strong>Nearly 31.9% of married women aged 18 to 49 in India report experiencing spousal violence, with the highest prevalence observed in Karnataka (48.4%), Bihar (42.5%), and Manipur (41.6%).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: AIR<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Hadean Protocrust<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/Science and Technology<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A new study questions the assumption that <strong>Earth\u2019s chemical signatures post Hadean protocrust<\/strong> appeared only <strong>after subduction began.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>The Hadean protocrust<\/strong> refers to <strong>Earth&#8217;s first crust<\/strong> formed during the <strong>Hadean eon,<\/strong> which spanned from <strong>about 4.6 billion to 4 billion years ago.<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>This eon marks the time <strong>right after the formation of the Earth, <\/strong>when the planet was still very hot and largely molten.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>During this time, the Earth&#8217;s surface was molten and bombarded by space rocks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img data-dominant-color=\"4b4f67\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"678\" height=\"378\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/04\/hadean-eon.png\" alt=\"hadean eon\" class=\"not-transparent wp-image-40568\" style=\"--dominant-color: #4b4f67; width:552px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/04\/hadean-eon.png 678w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2025\/04\/hadean-eon-300x167.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 678px) 100vw, 678px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Volcanic Activity: <\/strong>Frequent volcanic eruptions and asteroid bombardment shaped the surface.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Conditions:<\/strong> Hot, inhospitable with little to no liquid water and a volcanic gas-dominated atmosphere.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Thicker parts of the crust<\/strong> gradually formed the <strong>first continents, <\/strong>which moved on the asthenospheric mantle.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Plate tectonics <\/strong>started as plates drifted, slid over, or dove under each other.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>These movements left distinct chemical signatures<\/strong> in the crust, helping <strong>scientists study plate tectonics.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>A new study questions the assumption<\/strong> that<strong> these signatures appeared only after subduction began.<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Researchers suggest that <strong>these signatures existed in the Hadean protocrust.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This finding <strong>challenges a key idea in geology<\/strong> and needs validation by independent research.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/science\/hadean-protocrust-plate-tectonics-macquarie-study-anomaly\/article69416265.ece#:~:text=The%20researchers%20have%20reported%20that,tenet%20of%20geology%20into%20question.\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>CAPTCHA<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Science and Technology<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>CAPTCHA (Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart) is a key security tool that has transformed how websites protect user accounts and data.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is CAPTCHA?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>CAPTCHA is a type of challenge\u2013response test designed to distinguish human users from automated bots.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It typically involves tasks that are easy for humans but difficult for machines to complete.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Background:<\/strong> CAPTCHA is based on an idea called the<strong> Turing test.<\/strong> This was proposed by British mathematician <strong>Alan Turing<\/strong> back in the <strong>1950s.\u00a0<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>CAPTCHA was introduced in the early 2000s<\/strong> as a response to rising internet abuse by bots, including fake registrations, spam, and data scraping.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The term CAPTCHA was coined in <strong>2003<\/strong> by <strong>Luis von Ahn, Manuel Blum, Nicholas J. Hopper, and John Langford<\/strong> at Carnegie Mellon University.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/sci-tech\/technology\/captcha-a-digital-border-between-humans-and-bots\/article69420004.ece\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Exercise INDRA 2025<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/Defence<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The 14th edition of the India-Russia bilateral naval exercise, INDRA 2025, was recently concluded.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The exercise included a <strong>wide range of activities and structured drills<\/strong> designed to enhance interoperability towards countering common <strong>maritime threats<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>INDRA series of exercises <\/strong>have been a cornerstone of <strong>India-Russia Defence<\/strong> relations since its <strong>inception in 2003<\/strong> and both countries recognise the importance of maritime security and the need for a collaborative approach to counter common threats and concerns.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2119037\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">PIB<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<h3><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">A study in Wales suggests that the shingles vaccine may reduce the likelihood of new dementia diagnoses by about 20% over seven years.<\/li>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Dementia <\/strong><\/h3>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">It is a group of diseases that affect memory, thinking, and daily activities, primarily in older adults, though not everyone will develop it with age.<\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">Common forms of dementia include Alzheimer\u2019s disease, vascular dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies, and frontotemporal dementia.<\/li>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/07-04-2025\/news-in-short-7-04-2025\" class=\"btn btn-primary btn-sm float-end\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-40567","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40567","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40567"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40567\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":40585,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40567\/revisions\/40585"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40567"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40567"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40567"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}