{"id":40565,"date":"2025-04-07T19:34:33","date_gmt":"2025-04-07T14:04:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/?p=40565"},"modified":"2025-04-07T19:36:08","modified_gmt":"2025-04-07T14:06:08","slug":"aquaculture","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/07-04-2025\/aquaculture","title":{"rendered":"Aquaculture"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Agriculture<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In Context<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>India, with its extensive coastline and inland water resources, has emerged as a global leader in <strong>aquaculture<\/strong>. Over the past two decades, <strong>India has made remarkable progress<\/strong>, especially in prawn farming, balancing both economic and nutritional goals.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is Aquaculture?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Aquaculture involves the <strong>controlled cultivation of aquatic species<\/strong> in freshwater, brackish, or marine environments. It complements capture fisheries and plays a pivotal role in <strong>meeting the growing demand for animal protein<\/strong>, generating employment, and contributing to exports.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It can be classified into following categories:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Freshwater aquaculture<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Coastal aquaculture\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sea farming<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Brackish water aquaculture<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>India\u2019s Remarkable Progress in Aquaculture<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>India is currently:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>3rd largest producer of aquaculture products<\/strong> globally.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>2nd in the world for prawn production<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Home to key aquaculture states: <strong>Andhra Pradesh<\/strong>, <strong>West Bengal<\/strong>, <strong>Tamil Nadu<\/strong>, <strong>Odisha<\/strong>, and <strong>Gujarat<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A highlight of India&#8217;s aquaculture success is its thriving <strong>black tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon)<\/strong> industry. This high-value species is farmed across suitable coastal regions and is in strong demand for both domestic consumption and export.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Factors Behind India\u2019s High Growth in Aquaculture<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Geographic and Natural Advantages:<\/strong> Long coastline (11,098km) and abundant <strong>brackish water zones<\/strong>.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Coastal groundwater and <strong>tidal access<\/strong> aid water salinity control (10\u201325g\/L needed for prawn farming).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Innovative Farming Techniques:<\/strong> Promotion of <strong>smaller ponds<\/strong> (e.g., in Andhra Pradesh) for better yield and disease control.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Controlled pond management and salinity balancing through <strong>brackish water and river water mixing<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Private and Institutional Collaboration: <\/strong>Research support from institutions like <strong>ICAR-CIBA<\/strong>, which developed \u2018specific pathogen free\u2019 broodstock.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Growth of <strong>aquafeed industries<\/strong> and labs for disease detection.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Challenges in Aquaculture<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Disease Outbreaks:<\/strong> Pathogens like <strong>Vibrio harveyi<\/strong> and <strong>White Spot Syndrome Virus<\/strong> cause up to <strong>25% annual yield losses<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Environmental and Climate Change Pressures: <\/strong>Salinity shifts, water temperature variations, and extreme weather events affecting production cycles.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Infrastructure and Resource Gaps:<\/strong> Need for improved access to testing labs, biosecure hatcheries, and cold chain logistics in remote regions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Key Government and Research Initiatives<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>ICAR-CIBA (Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture)<\/strong>: Pioneering SPF (specific pathogen-free) prawn development.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Promotion of <strong>phage therapy<\/strong> to tackle bacterial diseases.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Skill training, credit access, and support for small-scale farmers through government schemes like <strong>PM Matsya Sampada Yojana<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Lab networks<\/strong> and diagnostic services to monitor and contain infections early.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Way Ahead<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>To sustain the growth and make aquaculture climate-resilient, India needs to:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Scale biosecure hatcheries<\/strong> and expand <strong>SPF broodstock production<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Encourage <strong>R&amp;D in feed efficiency, breeding, and disease resistance<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Improve <strong>cold chain logistics and export infrastructure<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Promote <strong>digital aquaculture management systems<\/strong> for small farmers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Integrate <strong>environmental sustainability<\/strong>, like mangrove-friendly shrimp farming.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: TH<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<h3><strong>In Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">India, with its extensive coastline and inland water resources, has emerged as a global leader in aquaculture. Over the past two decades, India has made remarkable progress, especially in prawn farming, balancing both economic and nutritional goals.<\/li>\n<p><\/p>\n<h3><strong>What is Aquaculture?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">Aquaculture involves the controlled cultivation of aquatic species in freshwater, brackish, or marine environments. It complements capture fisheries and plays a pivotal role in meeting the growing demand for animal protein, generating employment, and contributing to exports.<\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">It can be classified into following categories:<\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">Freshwater aquaculture<\/li>\n<li class=\"ms-5\">Coastal aquaculture<\/li>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/07-04-2025\/aquaculture\" class=\"btn btn-primary btn-sm float-end\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-40565","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40565","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40565"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40565\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":40583,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40565\/revisions\/40583"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40565"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40565"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40565"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}