{"id":35982,"date":"2025-01-22T20:56:19","date_gmt":"2025-01-22T15:26:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/?p=35982"},"modified":"2025-01-22T20:57:15","modified_gmt":"2025-01-22T15:27:15","slug":"news-in-short-22-january-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/22-01-2025\/news-in-short-22-january-2025","title":{"rendered":"News In Short 22-1-2025"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Parakram Diwas<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS1\/History<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Parakram Diwas is observed annually on 23rd January to commemorate the birth anniversary of <strong>Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The first Parakram Diwas was held at<strong> Victoria Memorial in Kolkata.&nbsp;<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The year 2022 saw the unveiling of a hologram statue of Netaji at India Gate, New Delhi;&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>and in 2023, 21 unnamed islands in the Andaman and Nicobar archipelago were named after the 21 Param Vir Chakra Awardees.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>He was a prominent Indian nationalist and leader who played a crucial role in the Indian independence movement.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>He was the <strong>first person<\/strong> to call Mahatma Gandhi <strong>\u201cFather of the Nation\u201d<\/strong>, in his address from Singapore.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Indian National Congress:&nbsp;<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>He was elected as the President of the Indian National Congress twice, in <strong>1938 and 1939.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ideological differences with Mahatma Gandhi led to his resignation and the formation of the <strong>Forward Bloc,<\/strong> a political faction committed to radical change.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Azad Hind Radio 1942: <\/strong>He established<strong> Azad Hind Radio in Germany<\/strong> to reach out to Indians and spread his vision of independence.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>He coined several patriotic slogans,<\/strong> including &#8220;Jai Hind,&#8221; &#8220;Dilli Chalo&#8221; (On to Delhi), and &#8220;Give me blood, and I will give you freedom&#8221;.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Formation of Indian National Army (INA):<\/strong> In 1942, he formed the INA with the help of Japanese forces.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The INA was an armed force aimed at securing India&#8217;s independence through military action against British rule.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Azad Hind Government: <\/strong>In <strong>1943<\/strong>, Subhash Chandra Bose renamed the Andaman and Nicobar Islands as &#8220;Shaheed&#8221; (Martyr) and &#8220;Swaraj&#8221; (Self-Rule) during his leadership of the Azad Hind Government.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>This was a symbolic gesture of asserting India&#8217;s sovereignty against British rule.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>On October 21, 1943, Netaji declared the<strong> establishment of the Provisional Government of Free India (Azad Hind Sarkar).<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Subhash Chandra Bose reportedly passed away in a plane crash in Taiwan on August 18, 1945, from severe burn injuries.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Legacy:&nbsp;<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>He is widely respected for his contributions to the nationalist movement, and his legacy continues to inspire people across India and beyond.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2094870#:~:text=On%20the%20occasion%20of%20Parakram,his%20128th%20birth%20anniversary.\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>PIB<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Prime Minister\u2019s Internship Scheme<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus :GS 2\/Governance&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>According to recent reports, many companies are supporting the Prime Minister&#8217;s Internship Scheme, with many embracing internships through CSR.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About Prime Minister\u2019s Internship Scheme<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It has been announced in the<strong> Budget 2024-25.<\/strong> It aims to provide internship opportunities to one crore youth in<strong> top 500 companies over five years.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Interns will gain exposure to real-life business environments and employment opportunities.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Features :&nbsp; <\/strong>Partner Companies can offer internships starting from October 2024\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Top 500 companies identified based on CSR expenditure.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Participation is voluntary, with approval from the Ministry of Corporate Affairs &nbsp;for other companies to join.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Internship Duration is 12 months, <\/strong>with at least half of the period in a real-world job environment.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Eligibility Criteria: Age:<\/strong> Between 21 and 24 years.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Educational Qualifications:<\/strong> High School, ITI, diploma, or undergraduate degrees (BA, B.Sc, B.Com, BCA, BBA, B.Pharma).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ineligibility: <\/strong>Graduates from IITs, IIMs, etc.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Candidates with master&#8217;s or higher degrees.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Those enrolled in government-sponsored skill\/training programs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Candidates with family income above Rs 8 lakh or government employee relatives.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Benefits:<\/strong> Interns gain practical experience, with certificates provided by Partner Companies.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Financial Assistance is&nbsp; Rs. 5,000 per month (Rs. 4,500 by government, Rs. 500 by company). One-time Rs. 6,000 for incidentals.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Insurance Coverage under Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana and Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana. Companies may provide additional insurance.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source :TH<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Diamond Imprest Authorization (DIA) Scheme<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/Economy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Department of Commerce has introduced the <strong>Diamond Imprest Authorization (DIA) Scheme.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Aim:<\/strong> To enhance the global competitiveness of India\u2019s diamond sector.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Key Features of the Scheme:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Duty-free imports: <\/strong>Allows the <strong>duty-free import <\/strong>of Natural Cut and Polished Diamonds, of less than \u00bc Carat (25 Cents).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Export obligation:<\/strong> It mandates<strong> export obligation with a value addition of 10%.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Eligibility:<\/strong> All Diamond exporters holding Two Star Export House status and above and having US $15 Million exports per year, are eligible for availing the benefit under this scheme.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Need:&nbsp;<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>This move comes in response to policies in diamond-producing countries like Botswana and Namibia, where manufacturers must process diamonds locally.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This scheme is aimed towards retaining India\u2019s position as a global leader in the entire value chain of the Diamond industry.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Significance:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The scheme is designed to provide a level playing field for Indian diamond exporters, particularly MSME exporters, enabling them to compete effectively with larger peers.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is also expected to create employment opportunities for skilled craftsmen in the diamond industry and is also expected to increase the export of Cut and Polished Diamond from India.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=2094862\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>PIB<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Pinaka Rocket Systems<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Defence<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Indian Army has set a Rs 10,200 crore order for ammunition related to the Pinaka multi-launch artillery rocket system.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Pinaka MBRL system was developed by the <strong>Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) of India.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The system is named after <strong>&#8220;Pinaka,<\/strong>&#8221; a <strong>mythical weapon used by Lord Shiva<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It has the capability to hit targets at <strong>75 kilometers and beyond.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Pinaka MBRL is capable of launching a salvo of <strong>12 rockets in 44 seconds<\/strong>, which makes it an effective weapon for quickly overwhelming enemy defenses.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Armenia<\/strong> became the first export customer for the indigenously developed Pinaka with interest expressed by several countries in the system.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.financialexpress.com\/business\/defence\/indian-army-to-finalize-rs-10200-crore-deal-for-indigenous-pinaka-rocket-systems\/3720281\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>FE<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Scramjet Engine For Hypersonic Missiles<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS 3\/Science and Technology<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Defence Research &amp; Development Laboratory (DRDL) in Hyderabad, under DRDO, is developing long-duration<strong> Supersonic Combustion Ramjet (Scramjet)<\/strong> powered <strong>Hypersonic technology.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About the Developments&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Three key air-breathing engine technologies are being developed globally.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ramjet: <\/strong>It<strong> <\/strong>uses forward motion to compress incoming air for combustion without a rotating compressor.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It operates efficiently at Mach 3 to Mach 6 but becomes less efficient at hypersonic speeds.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It requires rocket assistance for take-off to reach necessary speeds.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Scramjet:<\/strong> It is an <strong>advanced version<\/strong> of the ramjet that operates efficiently at hypersonic speeds (above Mach 5).\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>It is an air-breathing engine<\/strong> that sustains combustion at supersonic speeds without moving parts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It allows <strong>supersonic combustion<\/strong>, making it suitable for <strong>hypersonic vehicles.<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In August 2016, ISRO successfully flight-tested its Scramjet Engine in Sriharikota.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Recently DRDL successfully demonstrated<strong> India\u2019s first Active Cooled <\/strong>Scramjet Combustor ground test for 120 seconds, a significant milestone for <strong>hypersonic missile development.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dual Mode Ramjet (DMRJ): <\/strong>It<strong> <\/strong>can operate both as a ramjet at subsonic speeds and as a scramjet at supersonic speeds, typically within the Mach 4-8 range.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#ebecf0\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Do you know ?<\/strong><br>&#8211; Hypersonic missiles are a class of<strong> advanced weaponry<\/strong> that travel at speeds greater than <strong>Mach 5 <\/strong>i.e.<strong>, five times the speed of sound<\/strong> or more than<strong> 5,400 km\/hr.&nbsp;<\/strong><br>1. These advanced weapons have the potential to bypass existing Air Defence Systems and deliver rapid and high-impact strikes.&nbsp;<br>&#8211; Several nations including th<strong>e USA, Russia, India and China are actively pursuing Hypersonic technology.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Source :TH<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Jawaharlal Nehru Port<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus :GS 3\/Economy&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Union Minister of Ports, Shipping &amp; Waterways launched <strong>multiple projects <\/strong>worth nearly \u20b92,000 crore in order to expand capacity at the <strong>Jawaharlal Nehru Port.<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>He&nbsp; also launched one Solar powered boat, two indigenously developed tugs and three fire tenders, boosting the safety and efficiency of the port.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Jawaharlal Nehru Port<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is situated in Mumbai, Maharashtra and is one of the premier <strong>container-handling ports in India.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It was commissioned in <strong>1989 <\/strong>and&nbsp; it is the<strong> country\u2019s first 100% Landlord Major Port.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is <strong>India&#8217;s Best-performing port<\/strong>, accounting for around<strong> 50% of the total containerised cargo volume <\/strong>across the major ports of the country.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is ranked <strong>26th among the top 100 container ports<\/strong> in the world and it is connected to over 200 ports globally.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In 2024, JNPA achieved a record of 7.05 million TEUs, operating at over 90% capacity with an 11% year-on-year growth.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It&nbsp; aims to become<strong> India&#8217;s first port to handle 10 million TEUs((twenty-foot equivalent units)&nbsp; by 2027.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source :TH<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Parakram Diwas is observed annually on 23rd January to commemorate the birth anniversary of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35982","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35982","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35982"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35982\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":35991,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35982\/revisions\/35991"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35982"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=35982"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=35982"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}