{"id":34432,"date":"2024-12-28T18:06:40","date_gmt":"2024-12-28T12:36:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/?p=34432"},"modified":"2024-12-28T18:06:42","modified_gmt":"2024-12-28T12:36:42","slug":"household-consumption-expenditure-survey-hces-2023-24","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/28-12-2024\/household-consumption-expenditure-survey-hces-2023-24","title":{"rendered":"Household Consumption Expenditure Survey (HCES) 2023-24"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/Indian Economy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) decided to conduct two consecutive surveys on household consumption expenditure during 2022-23 and 2023-24.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>The National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) under Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation<\/strong> has been conducting household surveys on <strong>consumption\/consumer expenditure<\/strong> at regular intervals as part of its rounds, normally of <strong>one-year duration<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Since 1972<\/strong>, NSSO has been conducting the Consumer Expenditure Survey.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It\u00a0 is designed to collect i<strong>nformation on consumption of goods and services<\/strong> by the households.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The survey aims at generating estimates of household <strong>Monthly Per Capita Consumption Expenditure (MPCE)<\/strong> and its distribution separately for the rural and urban sectors of the country.\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Methodology Used<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In the present survey, three <strong>3 questionnaires <\/strong>were used, covering:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Food items;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Consumables and services items, and;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Durable goods used.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The survey had a separate <strong>provision for collection of information<\/strong> on the quantity of consumption of the number of items received and consumed by the households <strong>free of cost through various social welfare programmes.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Changes in the Methodology<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The <strong>number of items covered has increased from 347 to 405 items.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>There have been changes in the<strong> questionnaire of the survey.<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Instead of a single questionnaire as used in earlier surveys, HCES 2022-23 introduced<strong> four separate questionnaires<\/strong> for food, consumables and services items, and durable goods.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Thus, there have been <strong>multiple visits for data collection <\/strong>instead of the usual practice of a single visit in the earlier surveys.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Major Highlights for 2023-24<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Average MPCE:<\/strong> The average Indian\u2019s monthly spending increased 9.2% to \u20b94,122 in rural areas and 8.3% to \u20b96,996 in urban regions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img data-dominant-color=\"ccd1d1\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"642\" height=\"383\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2024\/12\/consumption-pattern.webp\" alt=\"consumption-pattern\" class=\"not-transparent wp-image-34433\" style=\"--dominant-color: #ccd1d1; width:548px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2024\/12\/consumption-pattern.webp 642w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2024\/12\/consumption-pattern-300x179.webp 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 642px) 100vw, 642px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Trends in Rural Spending:<\/strong> Non-food accounted for 53% of the spending.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Clothing, bedding and footwear had the largest share.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Trends in Urban Spending:<\/strong> Non-food items accounted for 60% of the spending, led by miscellaneous goods and entertainment, clothing and footwear, and education.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Food categories like beverages and processed food, vegetables, and dairy products accounted for 31.5% of the urban spending growth.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img data-dominant-color=\"d4dfe1\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"757\" height=\"520\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Trends-in-Urban-Spending.webp\" alt=\"Trends in Urban Spending\" class=\"not-transparent wp-image-34434\" style=\"--dominant-color: #d4dfe1; width:531px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Trends-in-Urban-Spending.webp 757w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Trends-in-Urban-Spending-300x206.webp 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 757px) 100vw, 757px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Rural Urban Gap: <\/strong>It has declined to 71% in 2022-23 from 84% in 2011-12.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It further came down to 70% in 2023-24.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rural households now spend 69.7% of what urban households spend.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The rural-urban difference in the average MPCE among the states is the highest in Meghalaya (104%) followed by Jharkhand (83%) and Chhattisgarh (80%).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Major Increase in MPCE: <\/strong>It has been the maximum for the bottom 5 to 10 % of India\u2019s population, for both rural and urban areas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Consumption Inequality:<\/strong> It has declined from the level of 2022-23 in both rural and urban areas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Gini Coefficient:<\/strong> It has declined from 0.266 to 0.237 in rural areas and 0.314 to 0.284 in urban regions.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A lower coefficient indicates reduced inequality.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Regional Consumption Patterns: <\/strong>Western and northern states had higher per capita consumption compared to eastern and central states.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>States like Maharashtra, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, and Kerala had higher-than-average spending, while states like West Bengal, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, and Odisha had lower-than-average consumption.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Among states,<\/strong> Sikkim reported the highest MPCE, with Rs 9,377 in rural areas and Rs 13,927 in urban areas, while Chhattisgarh recorded the lowest.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Future Outlook\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The findings of the HCES 2023-24 highlight the ongoing economic recovery and the narrowing gap between rural and urban consumption.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Consumption inequality, both in rural and urban areas, has declined from the level of 2022-23.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The difference between Rural and Urban MPCE has narrowed substantially over the years, implying the success of government policies in improving Rural incomes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Policymakers can use this data to design targeted interventions to further reduce inequality and support sustainable economic growth.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/business\/Industry\/rural-urban-consumption-inequality-dips-during-august-2023-july-2024-government-survey\/article69033670.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) decided to conduct two consecutive surveys on household consumption expenditure during 2022-23 and 2023-24.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-34432","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34432","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34432"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34432\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":34435,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34432\/revisions\/34435"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34432"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34432"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34432"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}