{"id":33835,"date":"2024-12-17T19:27:34","date_gmt":"2024-12-17T13:57:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/?p=33835"},"modified":"2024-12-17T19:29:12","modified_gmt":"2024-12-17T13:59:12","slug":"news-in-short-17-december-2024","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/17-12-2024\/news-in-short-17-december-2024","title":{"rendered":"News In Short 17-12-2024"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Birhor Tribe<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS1\/ Social<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Jharkhand&#8217;s Birhor tribe participated in the movement against child marriage.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About Birhor Tribe<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Birhor is a<strong> Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG)<\/strong>.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>PVTGs are a sub-classification of Scheduled Tribes (STs) identified as being more vulnerable and marginalized than other tribal groups.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They are <strong>semi-nomadic and depend on forest resources<\/strong> for survival. They are skilled rope makers, using fibers from the bark of the &#8216;chota nagpur&#8217; tree.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They speak <strong>Birhor<\/strong>, a language from the Munda group of the<strong> Austroasiatic language family. <\/strong>Their language is similar to<strong> Santali, Mundari, and Ho languages.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They are mainly found in Jharkhand, but also in parts of Odisha, Chhattisgarh, and West Bengal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: TH<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Moldova Joins International Solar Alliance<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus :GS 1\/Places in news \/GS3\/Environment&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Moldova has officially joined the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/26-06-2021\/international-solar-alliance-framework-agreement\">International Solar Alliance (ISA)<\/a> by signing its Framework Agreement.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The International Solar Alliance (ISA)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is a joint initiative between India and France, established at COP21 in Paris in 2015 to combat climate change through solar energy solutions. Following a 2020 amendment, all UN member states can now join<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Over 100 countries are signatories, with 90+ ratifying full membership.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Its mission is to secure US$1 trillion in solar investments by 2030, reduce technology and financing costs, and promote solar energy use in agriculture, health, transport, and power generation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#ebecf0\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Do you know ?<\/strong><br>&#8211; Moldova is a landlocked country in the northeastern Balkan region of Europe, bordered by Ukraine and Romania.&nbsp;<br>&#8211; Its capital is Chisinau.&nbsp;<br>&#8211; The country is drained by rivers such as the Prut, Dniester, and Danube, and lies east of the Carpathian Mountains, with a well-developed network of streams and rivers flowing into the Black Sea.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Source: Air&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Kerch Strait&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus :GS 1\/Places in news&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A violent storm in Russia&#8217;s Kerch Strait caused significant damage to two oil tankers, leading to a spill.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Kerch Strait&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Kerch Strait, situated between mainland Russia and Crimea<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is a connection between the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It also separates the Kerch and Taman Peninsulas.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is a key route for exports of Russian grain and is also used for exports of crude oil, fuel oil and liquefied natural gas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source :TOI&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Charak<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/Governance<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Northern Coalfields Limited (NCL) has rolled out \u2018CHARAK\u2019- \u201cCommunity Health: A Responsive Action for Koylanchal\u201d.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About Charak<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Aim:<\/strong> Providing free treatment for identified Life-Threatening diseases belonging to Economically Weaker Sections of Singrauli region in Madhya Pradesh.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Diseases covered: <\/strong>Malignancy, TB, HIV and related complications, Cardiovascular diseases, Organ Transplant, Liver disorders, sudden hearing loss, Acute Surgical Emergencies, Neurological Disorders, Accidental trauma, etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Northern Coalfields Limited<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is a subsidiary of Coal India Limited (CIL), the largest coal-producing company in the world.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It was established in <strong>1985 <\/strong>with the objective of managing and operating the coal mines in the Singrauli region.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>NCL&#8217;s operations are primarily located in the Singrauli coalfields, which span across the states of Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=2084605\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>PIB<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/ Health<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Zakir Hussain, tabla maestro and five-time Grammy Award winner, passed away recently due to <strong>idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is a <strong>chronic and progressive lung disease <\/strong>that affects the tissue surrounding the air sacs (alveoli) in your lungs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In IPF, this lung tissue becomes thick and stiff for unknown reasons. Over time, these changes cause <strong>permanent scarring (fibrosis) in the lungs<\/strong>. This makes it progressively harder to breathe and get enough oxygen into your bloodstream.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Symptoms: <\/strong>Shortness of breath (especially during exercise), Fatigue, Unexplained weight loss, Chest discomfort etc<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Treatment:&nbsp; <\/strong>There&#8217;s no cure for IPF but Antifibrotic drugs like pirfenidone and nintedanib slow the disease progression.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: IE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Manganese in Water is Causing Cancer<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/ Health<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A recent study highlighted that Manganese (Mn) contamination of water is causing cancer in the Gangetic plains of Bihar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Manganese<\/strong> is the<strong> fifth-most abundant metal<\/strong> on earth that exists in the form of oxides, carbonates and silicates.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is a <strong>hard, brittle, silvery metal<\/strong> and is present in food, water, soil, and rock as a naturally occurring component.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Essential Trace Element:<\/strong> Manganese plays a vital role in maintaining body homeostasis by supporting metabolic processes, enzyme functions, and bone health.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Toxicity Concerns:<\/strong> Excess consumption can cause severe health issues, including neurological disorders and cancer.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>According to the <strong>Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS),<\/strong> the acceptable limit for manganese in drinking water is<strong> 0.1 milligrams per liter (mg\/L),<\/strong> and the permissible limit is<strong> 0.3 mg\/L.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.downtoearth.org.in\/health\/manganese-in-water-is-causing-cancer-in-bihars-gangetic-plains-study\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>DTE<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Apiculture<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Agriculture<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Assam is emerging as a favored destination for migratory beekeepers due to its extensive mustard cultivation and low competition.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is Apiculture?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Apiculture refers to the <strong>scientific study and management of bees and their colonies <\/strong>for the production of honey and other bee-derived products.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It involves <strong>keeping bees in artificial structures<\/strong> like wooden boxes with mesh screens to separate the hive, ensuring their safety and optimal productivity.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bees are valuable not only for their products but also for their critical role in <strong>pollination.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Benefits of Apiculture<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Crop Productivity: <\/strong>Bees play a significant role in pollinating crops, improving the yield and quality of crops like mustard, coconut, areca nut, lychee, and mango.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Biodiversity Conservation: <\/strong>Bees support the reproduction of wild plants, which in turn sustains ecosystems and promotes biodiversity.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Economic Opportunities for Farmers: <\/strong>Migratory beekeeping offers additional income sources for farmers.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fff2cc\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Honey bees in India<\/strong><br>&#8211; India hosts more than <strong>700 bee species<\/strong>, including four indigenous honey bees:&nbsp;<br>1. Asiatic honey bee (Apis cerana indica),&nbsp;<br>2. Giant rock bee (Apis dorsata),&nbsp;<br>3. Dwarf honey bee (Apis florea),&nbsp;<br>4 .The stingless bee (sp. Trigona).&nbsp;<br>&#8211; <strong>Western honey bees<\/strong> (Apis mellifera) were introduced in India in <strong>1983 <\/strong>to increase the country\u2019s honey yield.&nbsp;<br><strong>Waggle dance and circle dance<\/strong><br>&#8211; Bees use <strong>two kinds of dances<\/strong> to communicate information: the waggle dance and the circle dance.&nbsp;<br>&#8211; The purpose of either dance is for some honey bees to <strong>communicate to others the location of a flower patch <\/strong>with more nectar or pollen.&nbsp;<br>1. One bee dances while the others watch it to figure out the directions.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/ccidist-ws\/th\/th_international\/issues\/111708\/OPS\/GHNDMFCDM.1+GLBDNJSPD.1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Diamond Cooling Technology<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Science and Technology<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Akash Systems has signed a $27 million (Rs 2.25 billion) contract with NxtGen Datacenter and Cloud Technologies, India\u2019s largest sovereign cloud provider.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is Diamond Cooling Technology?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The technology<strong> involves using diamond<\/strong>, the most thermally conductive material known, to manage and <strong>dissipate heat<\/strong> in electronic devices.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Diamonds efficiently <strong>pull heat away <\/strong>from critical components, improving performance and <strong>energy efficiency.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This advanced cooling mechanism outperforms conventional cooling systems, such as bulky heat sinks or liquid cooling, enabling <strong>compact designs and sustainable operation.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Applications<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>AI servers: <\/strong>The technology can reduce GPU hotspot temperatures by <strong>10\u00b0\u201320\u00b0C <\/strong>and slash GPU fan energy consumption by 90%.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Satellite communications:<\/strong> Diamond cooling technology can lead to five to ten times faster data rates, increased reliability, and a 50% smaller form factor.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>High-Power Electronics:<\/strong> Used in devices with <strong>Gallium Nitride (GaN)<\/strong>-based components for efficient heat dissipation in power electronics, radar systems, and electric vehicles.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/news-today\/khosla-backed-akash-systems-diamond-cooled-ai-servers-nxtgen-9724697\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>IE<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Science and Heritage Research Initiative (SHRI)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus :GS 3\/Science and Tech&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Recently five years of the Science and Heritage Research Initiative (SHRI) was celebrated.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Science and Heritage Research Initiative (SHRI)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is a program which focuses on heritage research, aimed at engaging experts from various fields to address cultural heritage issues through data capture, analysis, and technological solutions.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Its <strong>objectives <\/strong>include building capacity in human resources, promoting scientific research and development (R&amp;D) for heritage conservation, safeguarding cultural knowledge and practices, and applying advanced technologies in preservation.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Key focus areas<\/strong> include the study of heritage materials, remote sensing for archaeological detection, non-invasive imaging techniques, innovations in textile conservation, and the development of new materials and tools for conservation.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The program also aims to advance research in tribal arts and conservation technologies.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source: Air<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Olive Ridley Turtles<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Species In News<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Carcasses of Olive Ridley turtles are found along Visakhapatnam coast.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About Olive Ridley Turtles<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>About: <\/strong>They are the smallest and most abundant of all sea turtles found in the world.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Scientific name<\/strong>: Lepidochelys olivacea; also known as the Pacific ridley sea turtle.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Major nesting sites in India: <\/strong>Rushikulya rookery coast (Odisha), Gahirmatha beach (Bhitarkanika National park) and the mouth of the Debi River.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Presence: <\/strong>&nbsp;Found in <strong>warm waters<\/strong> of th<strong>e Pacific<\/strong>,<strong> Atlantic <\/strong>and <strong>Indian oceans.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Features<\/strong>: Known for their unique <strong>mass nesting called Arribada<\/strong>, where thousands of females come together on the same beach to lay eggs.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>These ar<strong>e carnivores <\/strong>and feed mainly on jellyfish, shrimp etc.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The eggs <strong>hatch<\/strong> in<strong> 45 to 60 days<\/strong>, depending on the temperature of the sand and atmosphere during the incubation period.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Threats<\/strong>: Hunted for meat, shell and other anthropogenic factors like fishing trawlers etc.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Conservation Status:&nbsp;<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>IUCN Red List: <strong>Vulnerable<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Schedule I of the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CITES Appendix I&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Steps Taken<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Operation Olivia<\/strong> of the Indian Coast Guard<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mandatory use of <strong>Turtle Excluder Devices (TEDs)<\/strong> to prevent accidental killing.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source: TH<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Urban Heat Island Effect<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/Urbanisation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Urbanization contributes significantly to warming in Indian cities.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>What is an Urban Heat Island?&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img data-dominant-color=\"97b8a1\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"557\" height=\"335\" src=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Urban-Heat-Island.webp\" alt=\"Urban-Heat-Island\" class=\"not-transparent wp-image-33836\" style=\"--dominant-color: #97b8a1; width:451px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Urban-Heat-Island.webp 557w, https:\/\/wp-images.nextias.com\/cdn-cgi\/image\/format=auto\/ca\/uploads\/2024\/12\/Urban-Heat-Island-300x180.webp 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 557px) 100vw, 557px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>An Urban Heat Island (UHI) is an area in which the <strong>temperature is higher than in surrounding rural areas<\/strong> due to human activities and infrastructure.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>UHI could lead to temperature differences of <strong>up to six degrees centigrade<\/strong> within a given area or neighbourhood.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Factors Responsible for Urban Heat Islands<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Built Environment:<\/strong> The materials used in urban construction, such as concrete and asphalt, absorb and retain heat, raising local temperatures.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Reduced Vegetation:<\/strong> Urban areas typically have fewer trees and green spaces compared to rural areas, which reduces the cooling effect of shade and transpiration.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Human Activities:<\/strong> Activities like transportation, industry, and energy consumption release heat into the environment, further elevating temperatures.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Altered Surface Characteristics:<\/strong> Urbanization often involves replacing natural surfaces with artificial ones, which alters the surface reflectivity (albedo) and thermal properties, contributing to increased heat absorption.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ecological Factors: <\/strong>According to a 2014 Indian Institute of Science report, the ideal tree-human ratio should be seven trees for every person. The lack of trees increases the risk of exposure to higher temperatures.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Concerns<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Heat exhaustion and heatstroke<\/strong>, particularly among vulnerable populations.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Energy Consumption:<\/strong> Increased demand for cooling, which escalates energy consumption and associated greenhouse gas emissions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Water Management:<\/strong> UHIs disrupt local water cycles by altering evaporation rates and reducing groundwater recharge.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=2084917\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>PIB<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jharkhand&#8217;s Birhor tribe participated in the movement against child marriage.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-33835","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33835","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33835"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33835\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":33838,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33835\/revisions\/33838"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33835"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33835"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33835"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}