{"id":33558,"date":"2024-12-11T18:36:14","date_gmt":"2024-12-11T13:06:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/?p=33558"},"modified":"2025-02-08T11:33:23","modified_gmt":"2025-02-08T06:03:23","slug":"nhrc-celebrates-human-rights-day","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/11-12-2024\/nhrc-celebrates-human-rights-day","title":{"rendered":"NHRC Celebrates Human Rights Day"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/ Polity and Governance<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The President of India addressed the Human Rights Day celebration, organised by the National Human Rights Commission, in New Delhi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What are Human Rights?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Human rights<\/strong> are fundamental rights and freedoms that are inherent to all human beings, regardless of nationality, ethnicity, gender, religion, or any other status.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>These rights are considered<strong> universal, inalienable, and indivisible,<\/strong> forming the foundation for <strong>human dignity, equality, and justice.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Human rights are different from the Civil rights<\/strong> that are created and defined by laws within a specific nation.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Civil rights<\/strong> are legal rights granted and protected by a government, and they may change over time as laws are amended or updated.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Significance of Human Rights<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Inherent Dignity: <\/strong>Human rights affirm the inherent dignity of every individual.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Equality and Non-Discrimination: <\/strong>They strive to ensure that all individuals have equal opportunities and are treated with fairness and without prejudice.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Protection from Abuse: <\/strong>Human rights provide a framework for holding governments, institutions, and individuals accountable for actions that violate these rights, promoting justice and accountability.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Human Dignity in Crisis:<\/strong> In times of crisis, human rights provide a foundation for responding to emergencies in a way that upholds human dignity and prevents further harm.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Threats to Human Rights<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/cybercrime-in-india\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/blog\/cybercrime-in-india\/\">Cybercrimes<\/a>:<\/strong> Increased instances of <strong>cyberbullying, online harassment, and identity theft<\/strong> that violate individual privacy and dignity.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mental Health Issues: <\/strong>The <strong>gig economy&#8217;s adverse effects<\/strong> on mental well-being due to job insecurity, lack of benefits, and the stress of unstable employment.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Impact of Climate Change: <\/strong>Vulnerable populations face <strong>disproportionate risks<\/strong> from environmental degradation, including loss of livelihoods, displacement, and health crises.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Safeguards to Protect Human Rights&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>UN&nbsp; Human Rights Council:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is an <strong>inter-governmental body <\/strong>responsible for strengthening the promotion and protection of human rights around the globe.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>It was created<\/strong> by the <strong>United Nations General Assembly<\/strong> in<strong> 2006.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR):<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The World Conference on Human Rights took place in <strong>Vienna, Austria in 1993<\/strong>. It led to the <strong>Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It called for the establishment of the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) and the post of the <strong>High Commissioner for Human Rights,<\/strong> which was created in 1993.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Global Alliance of National Human Rights Institutions (GANHRI):<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>GANHRI<\/strong> brings together and supports <strong>national human rights institutions (NHRIs)<\/strong> to promote and protect human rights.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Paris Principles:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Paris Principles set out <strong>six main criteria<\/strong> that NHRIs require to meet. These are:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mandate and competence,&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Autonomy from Government,&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Independence guaranteed by a Statute or Constitution,&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pluralism,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Adequate resources; and&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Adequate powers of investigation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>These principles were adopted at the 1st international workshop on national institutions for the promotion and protection of human rights held in <strong>Paris in 1991.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) in India<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is a statutory body, established under the Protection of Human Rights Act (PHRA),<strong> 1993.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is responsible for the protection and promotion of human rights, defined by the act as <strong>Rights Relating to Life, liberty, equality and dignity of the individual <\/strong>guaranteed by the constitution or embodied in the international covenants and enforceable by courts in India.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#ebecf0\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>About Human Rights Day<\/strong><br>&#8211; The day marks the adoption of the <strong>Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)<\/strong> by the United Nations General Assembly in <strong>1948.<\/strong><br><br>1. Human Rights Day has been observed every year since <strong>1950.<\/strong><br>&#8211; <strong>Theme for 2024: <\/strong>\u201cOur Rights, Our Future, Right Now\u201d.<br><strong>Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)<\/strong><br>&#8211; The document, consisting of a <strong>preamble and 30 articles<\/strong> setting out fundamental rights and freedoms.<br>&#8211; This landmark document enshrines the inalienable rights that everyone is entitled to as a human being &#8211; regardless of<strong> race, color, religion, sex, language, political or other opinion<\/strong>, <strong>national or social origin, property, birth<\/strong> or other status.<br>&#8211; The declaration <strong>is not a treaty<\/strong> and <strong>is not legally binding<\/strong> in itself, but the principles it sets out have been incorporated into many countries\u2019 laws and is viewed as the <strong>basis for international human rights law.<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"http:\/\/hehindu.com\/news\/national\/president-murmu-highlights-mental-health-cyber-crimes-and-climate-change-as-threats-to-human-rights\/article68969212.ece\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The President of India addressed the Human Rights Day celebration, organised by the National Human Rights Commission, in New Delhi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-33558","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33558","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33558"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33558\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":36985,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33558\/revisions\/36985"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33558"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33558"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33558"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}