{"id":32627,"date":"2024-11-23T17:45:29","date_gmt":"2024-11-23T12:15:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/?p=32627"},"modified":"2024-11-23T17:45:30","modified_gmt":"2024-11-23T12:15:30","slug":"facts-in-news-23-11-2024","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/23-11-2024\/facts-in-news-23-11-2024","title":{"rendered":"Facts In News 23-11-2024"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Study on Ovarian cancer&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus :GS 3\/Science and Tech&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A new study from the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) reveals that cancer cells adapt their migration patterns based on their microenvironment&#8217;s physical and biochemical characteristics.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About&nbsp; Ovarian cancer&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is a group of diseases that originate in the ovaries, fallopian tubes, or peritoneum.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is a serious disease marked by abnormal cell growth in the ovaries, often with subtle or nonspecific symptoms that make early detection challenging.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is one of the deadliest gynecological cancers, typically diagnosed at advanced stages, which complicates treatment and lowers survival rates.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Causes : <\/strong>Genetic, reproductive, and hormonal factors contribute to its development, highlighting the need for effective risk assessment and screening.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Types of Ovarian Cancer: Epithelial Ovarian Cancer<\/strong>: Accounts for over 95% of ovarian cancers.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nonepithelial Ovarian Cancer: <\/strong>Makes up about 5%, including germ cell, sex-cord stromal, and small cell cancers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Histologic Subtypes:<\/strong> Epithelial cancers are further classified into high-grade serous, low-grade serous, clear cell, endometrioid, and mucinous subtypes, each with different diagnostic, management, and patient outcome considerations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Findings of recent study&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It was published in the Biophysical Journal and examined two types of ovarian cancer cells, <strong>OVCAR-3 (polygonal shape) and SK-OV-3 (elongated spindle shape),<\/strong> on soft and stiff surfaces.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>On soft surfaces, <strong>both cell types moved slowly and randomly.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>On stiff surface<strong>s, OVCAR-3 cells were more migratory <\/strong>than expected, displaying a unique &#8220;slip&#8221; movement pattern where their direction became less coordinated with their shape.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The study sheds light on the mechanisms driving cancer metastasis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source: TH<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/editorial-analysis\/11-01-2024\/india-maldives-relations\"><u>India and Maldives<\/u><\/a> MoU on&nbsp; use of local currencies<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus :GS 2\/IR<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and the Maldives Monetary Authority (MMA) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to promote the use of local currencies in cross-border transactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About MoU&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It encourages the use of the Indian Rupee (INR) and Maldivian Rufiyaa (MVR) in:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Current account transactions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Permissible capital account transactions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Other economic or financial transactions agreed upon by both countries.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Benefits: <\/strong>Exporters and importers can invoice and settle payments in their respective domestic currencies (INR and MVR).\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Facilitates trading of the INR-MVR pair in the foreign exchange market.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Expected Outcomes: <\/strong>Optimized transaction costs and reduced settlement times.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Strengthened bilateral cooperation between the RBI and MMA.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Enhanced trade and financial integration, boosting economic ties between India and the Maldives.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source: TH<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Bandipur Tiger Reserve<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In News<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The Karnataka Forest Department has imposed restrictions on the annual jathra (religious fair) of Beladakuppe Sri Mahadeshwaraswamy Temple, located in the core area of <strong>Bandipur Tiger Reserve<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About Bandipur Tiger Reserve<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Location :It is <\/strong>situated&nbsp; in Karnataka\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is located in one of India&#8217;s most biodiverse regions, within the &#8220;5 B Western Ghats Mountains Biogeography Zone.&#8221;&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Border areas<\/strong>&nbsp; : It is bordered by Mudumalai Tiger Reserve to the south, Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary to the southwest, and the Kabini Reservoir to the northwest, which separates it from Nagarahole Tiger Reserve.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>&nbsp;To the north, the reserve is surrounded by human-influenced landscapes, including villages and agricultural lands.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Biodiversity: B<\/strong>andipur is part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve (5,520 sq. km), India\u2019s first Biosphere Reserve, notified in 1986 under the Man and Biosphere Programme.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Bandipur landscape is recognized as one of India\u2019s Mega Biodiversity Areas, supporting a rich diversity of flora and fauna.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tigers and elephants are key species for ecosystem conservation, acting as flagship and umbrella species for the entire biota.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Source :TH<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Central Value Added Tax (CENVAT)&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS3\/ Economy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Supreme Court allowed telecom companies to claim Central Value Added Tax (CENVAT) credit for the installation of mobile towers and peripherals like pre-fabricated buildings (PFBs) for which they pay excise duties.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The court ruled that mobile towers and pre-fabricated buildings (PFBs) or shelters fall within the definition of <strong>\u2018capital goods\u2019 or \u2018inputs\u2019<\/strong> under the CENVAT Rules, 2004.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Capital goods<\/strong> are tangible assets used in the production of goods or services but are not consumed in the process. They are typically used over a longer term and aid in the delivery of taxable outputs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is CENVAT?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>The Central Value Added Tax<\/strong>, is a mechanism under the <strong>CENVAT Credit Rules, 2004<\/strong>, which allows manufacturers and service providers to offset their excise duties or service tax liabilities with input tax credits.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>This system helps <strong>reduce the cascading effect of taxes<\/strong>, thereby promoting efficiency in the taxation process.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Key Features;<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It applies to <strong>excisable goods and services.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tax credits can be<strong> claimed for capital goods, inputs, and input services<\/strong> used in the production of goods or provision of services.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It ensures that <strong>taxes are paid only on the value addition<\/strong> at each stage of production or service delivery.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thehindu.com\/news\/national\/telcos-can-claim-cenvat-credit-for-towers-shelters-sc\/article68890347.ece\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Rejang Dewa, part of Ngusaba Goreng festival.<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS1\/ Culture<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Rejang Dewa, a sacred Balinese dance, forms a significant part of the Ngusaba Goreng festival.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>The Ngusaba Goreng festival,<\/strong> a two-week thanksgiving ritual for a bountiful harvest in <strong>Bali.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The word Rejang signifies <strong>&#8220;offering&#8221; or &#8220;devotion,&#8221; <\/strong>while <strong>Dewa <\/strong>refers to the <strong>divine entities<\/strong> worshiped in Hinduism.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The festival primarily involves traditional dances performed by young girls and women.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Significance<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Spiritual Connection:<\/strong> The festival reinforces the Balinese Hindu belief in the interconnection between humans, nature, and the divine.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Social Cohesion:<\/strong> As a community-centered celebration, it fosters social harmony and collective identity.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/ccidist-ws\/th\/th_international\/issues\/108600\/OPS\/GSIDJC2CV.1+G6PDKBRQT.1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Project Veer Gatha<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: Miscellaneous<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>More than 1.76 crore school students from all 36 States and UTs have participated enthusiastically in Project Veer Gatha 4.0.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About Project Veer Gatha<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Government had launched Project \u2018<strong>Veer Gatha\u2019 as part of \u2018Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav\u2019 to celebrate 75th year of Independence.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It was launched under the <strong>Gallantry Awards Portal <\/strong>(GAP) in 2021, aims to share the courageous acts and life stories of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/13-05-2022\/gallantry-awards\"><strong>Gallantry Awardees<\/strong><\/a> with students to foster patriotism and civic values.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Through this initiative, students have created projects in various formats, including <strong>poems, essays, paintings, and videos<\/strong>, to honor these gallantry award winners.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Aligned with the <strong>Republic Day celebrations<\/strong> each year, Project Veer Gatha has seen great success with its first three editions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Under Project Veer Gatha 4.0, <strong>100 winners<\/strong> will be selected and their felicitation will be done <strong>jointly <\/strong>by the Ministry of Education and Ministry of Defence during the upcoming Republic Day. Each winner will be awarded a cash prize of <strong>Rs. 10,000<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pib.gov.in\/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2075099#:~:text=Project%20Veer%20Gatha%20was%20instituted,spirit%20of%20patriotism%20amongst%20them.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PIB<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Argentina considering leaving the Paris Agreement<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS2\/International Groupings<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/27-08-2022\/argentina-expressed-to-buy-tejas-fighter-aircraft\">Argentina <\/a>is considering withdrawing from the Paris Agreement.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Article 28 of the Paris Agreement <\/strong>lays out the procedure and timeline for a country\u2019s withdrawal from the treaty.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Any time after three years from the date on which this Agreement has entered into force for a Party, that Party may withdraw from this Agreement by giving written notification.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If Argentina decides to withdraw, it would need to notify the UN and would remain in the agreement for one year.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/current-affairs\/27-08-2022\/argentina-expressed-to-buy-tejas-fighter-aircraft\"><strong>Argentina<\/strong> <\/a>is South America\u2019s second-largest economy and the world\u2019s 24th-largest emitter of GHGs.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It comprises significant fossil fuel resources and exports, with the second-largest reserves of shale gas (a type of natural gas) and the fourth-largest reserves of shale oil worldwide.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Paris Agreement<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is a <strong>legally binding international treaty<\/strong> on climate change, adopted in <strong>2015<\/strong>, at the <strong>COP21<\/strong> to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It aims to <strong>limit global warming to below 2 degrees Celsius<\/strong> above pre-industrial levels, with efforts to limit the increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Paris Agreement emphasizes<strong> nationally determined contributions (NDCs)<\/strong> and encourages all countries to take climate action.\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Countries must <strong>review and update their NDCs every five years<\/strong> to enhance their efforts and increase ambition over time.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/indianexpress.com\/article\/explained\/explained-climate\/argentina-paris-agreement-9680088\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>IE<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Ashtamudi Lake<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Syllabus: GS1\/Geography<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Context<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A recent episode of fish kill in <strong>Ashtamudi Lake<\/strong> has once again highlighted the increasing pollution into the lake.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>About<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>It is located in the <strong>Kollam district of Kerala.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The lake is fed by the major river, <strong>Kallada<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The name <strong>&#8220;Ashtamudi&#8221; means &#8220;eight coned&#8221; in Malayalam<\/strong>, referring to the shape of the lake, which resembles a set of <strong>eight small channels<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The lake is connected to the <strong>Arabian Sea through the Ashtamudi Estuary.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is part of the <strong>Ashtamudi Wetland, <\/strong>which is a <strong>Ramsar Wetland site,<\/strong> recognized in <strong>2002 <\/strong>for its international importance.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ashtamudi Lake faces challenges such as <strong>pollution, encroachment, and the impact of climate change.&nbsp;<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Efforts are being made to preserve its ecological balance through conservation initiatives.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Source: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/epaper.thehindu.com\/ccidist-ws\/th\/th_international\/issues\/108600\/OPS\/GSIDJC2CK.1+GQDDKC277.1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>TH<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A new study from the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) reveals that cancer cells adapt their migration patterns based on their microenvironment&#8217;s physical and biochemical characteristics.\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-32627","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-current-affairs"],"acf":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32627","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32627"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32627\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32629,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32627\/revisions\/32629"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32627"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32627"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nextias.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32627"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}